TIPS DAN TRIK PEMBAHASAN SOAL UN BAHASA INDONESIA BAGI SISWA KELAS IX SMP NEGERI 4 KOTA SOLOK

In education, one of the evidences of success in the learning process is with the achievement of the test results obtained. The national exam is evaluation system of national primary and secondary education standards and quality equality inter-regional education level conducted by the Center for Educational Assessment, Ministry of National Education in Indonesia based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 20 of 2003 states that in the context of controlling the quality of education nationally, an evaluation is carried out as a form of accountability of education providers to parties who interested. Indonesian subjects are important for all students because position as the national language. Indonesian subjects have been studied starting from elementary school students up to the college level. However, this subject is still a scourge which is scary because in the evaluation it is considered that there are many trapping questions. other than that The text-based 2013 curriculum requires students to be able to understand the text before they answer the exam questions. students also have difficulty reading quickly thus spending a lot of time to solve the problem of the form of the text in exams, especially for middle school students. Guidance is needed for students in answering UN questions in order to get satisfactory results.The activities carried out in this service are making try out questions National Examination, then the implementation of the National Examination pretest, and discussion of questions the. In the discussion students are given guidance in answering exam questions National which has been prepared in advance. The implementation of the pretest the average score of students is 65 while after the guidance was carried out in the form of discussion of the UN questions so that the average score of students increased. There appears to be a significant change in student scores. They are also very enthusiastic in discussing the existing problems. They are also fighting for answer the questions discussed together.

HISTORY OF STUDYING OF UKRAINIAN MASS MEDIA LANGUAGE

The article describes the historical stages of learning the language of the Ukrainian press. Attention to the language of journalism is due to the fact that the selection and use of language is characterized by a combination of two requirements – the desire to strengthen both the logical and emotional side of expression. The study of the language of journalism, namely the language of Ukrainian newspapers, has a history. The appearance of a significant number of articles on this topic was facilitated by language discussions on language culture, which in some way also affected the language of the press. In the 20’s of the 20th century the language of the press stood out as a separate variety. It is determined that the basis of its development was the vernacular. It was found that the «newspaper language» developed in close connection with the language practice of the intelligentsia and influenced the prestige of the national language. The language of the media is dynamic in nature, so it responds most quickly to all changes in public consciousness and reflects the state of the latter, influencing its formation. In the language of the media it is easy to see the new trends in approaches to language learning that can be traced in modern linguistics. The role of the media in modern society is difficult to overestimate. They have a powerful potential for the state of public opinion, as most of their ideas about the world people get from newspapers and magazines. Characteristic features of the mass media are their publicity, i.e. an unlimited number of consumers; indirect, divided in space and time interaction of communicators; unidirectional influence from the communicator to the recipient, the impossibility of changing their roles The study of the language of the media in recent years has also become particularly relevant. This is due to at least two factors: the situation of the functioning of literary language at the turn of the century and the priority for modern linguistics tendency to consider language material from a communicative standpoint, given the representation of language knowledge in human consciousness and patterns of language communication.

Languages Speak Reconciliation: An Interdisciplinary Study on the Impact of National Language in Post War Reconciliation Sri Lanka

The Role of National Language is endorsed in different contexts and it has triggered an inspirited debate within the Sri Lankan political history when its discriminatory nature policies marked a triumph of linguist nationalism. The recognition of the Sinhala language as the only National Language in Sri Lanka and its dominance, drifted both communities apart causing frustration and tension among ethnic groups, which have ultimately culminated in ethnic strife that lasted almost three decades. National Languages, hence wield as a sociopolitical tool that demands a balance among languages, recognition, and policies. Similarly, Sri Lanka, in its path to reconciliation also demands a balance among National Languages, policies, and its recognition among the communities. This study thus explores the Role of National Language in promoting social cohesion and coexistence among ethnic groups to achieve anticipated “Reconciliation” within Sri Lankan social fabric. The paper draws upon a mixed approach employing qualitative methods, including in-depth interviews. Data were gathered from interviewing 20 undergraduates from the Faculty of Social Sciences and Languages at the Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka. Data were coded and analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings revealed that the recognition of National languages in their due status will make a huge impact on fostering reconciliation within Sri Lankan Society. It is further not to be confused with the Link Language as a National Language since its duty in social integration is relatively limited in the cases where the understanding of cultural, traditional, and historical attributes of an ethnic community is more pronounced especially in grappling with attitudinal problems inherited within ethnic communities.

Linguistic hegemony in global recognition: English-mediated internationalisation at Indonesian higher education institutions

To increase global recognition and quality education, universities in Indonesia establish English-mediated International University Programs (IUPs). Within different capacities and resources, however, internationalisation sometimes preserves inequalities among Indonesian higher education institutions (IHEIs). This study investigates how the practice of English-mediated internationalisation may not only support global recognition and quality education but also perpetuate linguistic hegemony. Framed by Canagarajah’s (1999b) Linguistic Imperialism (LI) and Pennycook’s (2017) critical perspective of English as an international language, government document analysis and semi-structured interviews with lecturers and students reveal different international programs, ranging from deliberation to initial emergence. Most IUPs are deliberately designed to cater for international students by providing high-standard infrastructure, international curriculum and quality human resources in order to increase international admissions and partnerships which are essential for international recognition. Despite these attempts, several have not been successful in attracting international enrolments and recognition. In contrast, other programs are not deliberate but are initially emerging to become international and attract overseas students. The study also discusses some emerging linguistic hegemony between English and maintenance of national language in the internationalisation of the Indonesian tertiary sector.

Increased frequency of fibromyalgia among patients with chronic pain presenting to internal medicine clinics of a tertiary care hospital: a cross sectional study

Objective: To estimate the frequency of patients with fibromyalgia (by using the 2010 Modified Criteria for Fibromyalgia by American College of Rheumatology ( ACR ) presenting to Internal Medicine clinics Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in the department of Internal Medicine, the Indus Hospital, khi, Pakistan between December 2016 and March 2018. Patients who visited internal medicine clinics, met the selection criteria, were included in the study. After taking informed consent patients were assessed for fibromyalgia according to the new 2010 Fibromyalgia Diagnostic criteria questionnaire. The patients were asked the questions in the national language, Urdu. Data analyzed using SPSS version 21. P value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Of the 267 patients presenting to the internal medicine clinics and consenting for participating in the study 149 (55.80%) met at least one of the 2010 Fibromyalgia Criteria. The prevalence of fibromyalgia as estimated in this study was 56% with no difference in gender. Mean age of patients with fibromyalgia was 42.3 ± 14.6 and patients without fibromyalgia was 38.9 ± 13.7 which was statistically significant (p-value = 0.05, 10% level of significance). Of the 267 patient 197 (73.8%) were female and 70 (26.2%) were males, a male to female ratio of 1:2.81. Conclusion: All patients with generalized pain should be evaluated for fibromyalgia and a diagnosis made to reduce the cost of further referrals and investigations and delay in the management of this debilitating disorder. Keywords: Fibromyalgia, Chronic fatigue, Generalized Pain

The Essence of Poetry Application as Indonesian Pop Songs Lyrics in the Perspective of Utilitarianism Ethical Axiology

Background: The existence of literature among the younger generation is increasingly difficult to detect. Meanwhile, literature plays an important role in character education as well as the existence of bahasa Indonesia as the national language. One form of literature whose popularity is declining is poetry. Using poems as song lyrics is a new way to deliver poetry. Aim: This study aims to determine the essence of poetries application as Indonesian pop song lyrics on the spread of literature. Methods: The research was conducted using a qualitative approach with an open questionnaire data collection method and interview. The population is Faculty of Humanities (FIB) of Universitas Airlangga students from the cohort of 2019-2021. The sample was taken using a random sampling technique with the number 40 respondents for the questionnaire and 14 participants for the interview. For the questionnaire, the respondents were asked to interpret three lyric snippets of popular pop songs in Indonesia. The purpose of the questionnaire was to measure the respondent's level of understanding of the song lyrics so that conclusions could be drawn. The data analysis method was done using the classification technique, which was grouping the answers from the questionnaire into four categories, namely: 1). completely understand, 2). somewhat understand, 3). do not quite understand, and 4). do not understand at all. Results: The results show that the use of poetry as song lyrics has an effect on increasing respondents' literary understanding. Recommendation: Younger generation should utilize songs as media for dissemination as well as learning literature, especially poetry. Limitation: However, further in-depth research is needed due to the limitations of this study. The respondents and participants involved are still restricted to FIB students from Universitas Airlangga, hence the resulting data does not represent the young generation from all over Indonesia.

МОВНА ІДЕНТИЧНІСТЬ ЕТНІЧНИХ СПІЛЬНОТ У КОНТЕКСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МОВНОЇ СИТУАЦІЇ

The article outlines the main sociolinguistic parameters of collective language identity. The role of such constructs as ethnicity, statehood, linguistic and cultural value is considered in terms of the formation of language identity. The approach to the analysis here was chosen with taking account of the post-totalitarian specifics of the language situation in Ukraine. The correlation between ethnolanguage and national language identity has been traced. Determinants such as language status, language vitality, sociolinguistic capacity of communities and institutional support are taken into consideration. The importance of language management and language planning in the country and innovative principles of European language policies (language tolerance, language integration, preservation of endangered languages and emphasis on language rights) are underlined as points of reference for focusing on the language identity of ethnic communities. Theoretical substantiation of the concepts “ethnolinguistic identity” and “national (state) language identity” is offered.

Language situation and status of languages in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania

The article substantiates the socio-economic and cultural-historical introduction of the Ossetians to the Russian language, which is considered as the result of the natural development of the standard of living of the highlanders. The aim of the study is to consider the history and characteristics of national-Russian bilingualism, the role of language interaction in the formation of a bilingual personality, society, identification of deformed linguistic processes that led to both the loss of the function of language proficiency and its use in everyday life, as well as measures that contribute to the revival of native language. The article emphasizes that the Russian language has become a civilizing factor that has significantly accelerated the development of the spiritual culture of the mountaineers, that it, along with the Ossetian language, is recognized as the state language of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania as a language of interethnic communication, it is provided with free functioning throughout the republic. The work also focuses on the ethno-demographic composition of the population, emphasizes the polyethnicity of the region, which contributes to the strengthening of the role of the Russian language as a language of interethnic communication. During the 20th century, a sharp delimitation of the functions of the Russian and native languages leads to a weakening of the role of the national language, which exposes it to the threat of extinction. Loss of language entails a loss of self-awareness, culture, perception of the world, as well as the loss of self-identification. According to the authors, the republic itself needs to be concerned about the widespread use and all-round development of the native language in national government bodies, public organizations of science, culture, education, health care and the service sector. We need to work with those native speakers who do not consider it prestigious to communicate in their native language in the family, do not try to pass it on to the next generation: the lack of linguistic continuity is destructive. To preserve the language in the context of globalization, the authors propose to strengthen the role of the state and society, to consolidate the efforts of scientists, statesmen and public figures in order to influence the activities of the media to preserve the language and culture; direct their efforts towards harmonious bilingualism.