Childhood trauma predicts antidepressant response in adults with major depression: data from the randomized international study to predict optimized treatment for depression

ABSTRACTThe treatment of major depression remains problematic for several reasons. In particular, the therapeutic response to medications usually does not manifest itself until a week after administration has begun, and more than half the patients will not experience a full recovery with the first antidepressant drug administration. There are, however, some pharmacologic strategies that can accelerate antidepressant response. When facing a treatment-resistant depression, combination therapy offers a more time-efficient approach to achieve remission than drug substitution. These interventions have been devised on a better understanding of the basis for the therapeutic response obtained with the first- and second-generation antidepressants, and evidence derived from controlled clinical trials of their superior effectiveness is growing. The rationale for such approaches will be described in this article, as well as their advantages and potential inconveniences. Ongoing research in this field continues to fuel the development of novel, better-tolerated, and more effective pharmacotherapies for depression.

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Body temperature, pituitary-thyroid axis, and the antidepressant response to sleep deprivation in major depression

Biological Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/0006-3223(92)90520-a ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 132

Keyword(s):

Major Depression ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Antidepressant Response ◽

Pituitary Thyroid Axis ◽

Thyroid Axis

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Sequence variations of ABCB1, SLC6A2, SLC6A3, SLC6A4, CREB1, CRHR1 and NTRK2: association with major depression and antidepressant response in Mexican-Americans

Molecular Psychiatry ◽

10.1038/mp.2009.92 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 1105-1118 ◽

Cited By ~ 109

Author(s):

C Dong ◽

M-L Wong ◽

J Licinio

Keyword(s):

Major Depression ◽

Mexican Americans ◽

Antidepressant Response ◽

Sequence Variations

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Differential Responses to Psychotherapy Versus Pharmacotherapy in Patients With Chronic Forms of Major Depression and Childhood Trauma

FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry ◽

10.1176/foc.3.1.131 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 131-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Charles B. Nemeroff ◽

Christine M. Heim ◽

Michael E. Thase ◽

Daniel N. Klein ◽

A. John Rush ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depression ◽

Childhood Trauma ◽

Differential Responses

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Nicotine dependence is associated with depression and childhood trauma in smokers with schizophrenia. Results from the Face-SZ dataset

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1630 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s831-s831

Author(s):

R. Rey ◽

T. D’amato ◽

P.M. Llorca ◽

G. Fond

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Major Depression ◽

Nicotine Dependence ◽

Childhood Trauma ◽

Male Gender ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Psychotic Symptoms ◽

Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽

Personalized Care ◽

Questionnaire Score

IntroductionIn a perspective of personalized care for smoking cessation, a better clinical characterization of smokers with schizophrenia (SZ) is needed. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics of SZ smokers with severe nicotine (NIC) dependence.MethodsTwo hundred and forty stabilized community-dwelling SZ smokers (mean age = 31.9 years, 80.4% male gender) were consecutively included in the network of the FondaMental Expert Centers for schizophrenia and assessed with validated scales. Severe NIC dependence was defined by a Fagerstrom questionnaire score ≥7. Major depression was defined by a Calgary score ≥6. Childhood trauma was self-reported by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire score (CTQ). Ongoing psychotropic treatment was recorded.ResultsSevere NIC dependence was identified in 83 subjects (34.6%), major depression in 60 (26.3%). 44 (22.3%) subjects were treated by antidepressants. In a multivariate model, severe NIC dependence remained associated with major depression (OR = 3.155, P = 0.006), male gender (OR = 4.479, P = 0.009) and more slightly with childhood trauma (OR = 1.032, P = 0.044), independently of socio-demographic characteristics, psychotic symptoms severity, psychotropic treatments and alcohol disorder.ConclusionNIC dependence was independently and strongly associated with respectively major depression and male gender in schizophrenia, and only slightly with history of childhood trauma. Based on these results, the care of both nicotine dependence and depression should be evaluated for an effective smoking cessation intervention in schizophrenia. Bupropion, an antidepressant that has been found as the potential most effective strategy for tobacco cessation in schizophrenia to date, may be particularly relevant in male SZ smokers with comorbid major depression.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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