Chapter 6. Metal Oxide Co-catalyst Nanolayers on Photoelectrodes

2022 ◽  
pp. 135-166
Author(s):  
J. Qiu ◽  
M. R. Nellist ◽  
S. W. Boettcher
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Co Catalyst

scholarly journals Photo-Electrochemical Solar-to-Fuel Energy Conversion by Hematite-Based Photo-Anodes – The Role of 1D Nanostructuring

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-631
Author(s):  
Seyedsina Hejazi ◽  
Marco Altomare ◽  
Patrik Schmuki
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Anode Materials ◽  
Metal Oxide Semiconductors ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Oxide Semiconductors ◽  
Co Catalyst ◽  
Effective Strategies

AbstractPhoto-electrochemical (PEC) water splitting (WS) using metal oxide semiconductors is regarded as a promising approach for the renewable production of fuels and energy vectors such as hydrogen (H2). Among metal oxide semiconductors, iron oxide in the form of hematite (α-Fe2O3) is one of the most researched photo-anode materials, mainly due to its ability to absorb photons up to 600 nm combined to a set of desirable properties such as high photocorrosion resistance, environmental friendliness, large abundance and relatively low production costs. However, hematite main disadvantages are a low electrical conductivity and a high rate of charge recombination; both these shortcomings drastically limit functionality and efficiency of hematite-based photo-anodes in PEC devices. One-dimensional (1D) nanostructuring is a powerful tool to tackle such disadvantages as it provides the photoelectrode material with increased surface area along with directional charge transport properties and short charge diffusion distances to the electrolyte – these features can improve the lifetime of photo-generated charges and/or enhance the charge transfer efficiency, and can consequently lead to a superior photo-electrochemical performance. At the same time, chemical/physical modification can also compensate natural weaknesses of hematite in water photoelectolysis. The present mini-review outlines a series of most effective strategies for the fabrication of 1D hematite nanostructures as well as for their physicochemical modification, mainly by doping or co-catalyst decoration, to achieve superior PEC activity.

Facile Synthesis of 1,8-dioxooctahydro Xanthenes by Reusable Zinc Sulfide based Ternary Nanocomposite via Hydrothermal Route

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Jhansi R. Sunkara ◽  
Sathish M. Botsa
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Co Catalyst ◽  
Short Reaction Time ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Xanthene Derivatives

Background: Metal oxide or metal oxide composite nanoparticles are attaining tremendous importance due to their catalytic activities for various organic transformations. Objective: To report the one-pot synthesis of xanthene derivatives prepared by ZnS-Fe2O3-Ag composite under solvent-free conditions. Method: To prepare nanocomposite by a facile and simple hydrothermal approach. Results: The prepared composite is smaller (17.56 nm) in size and can be easily separable, recycled and reused six times without any significant loss of catalytic activity with excellent yields. In short reaction time, great catalytic activity was perceived with no co-catalyst and any other activator. Conclusion: In conclusion, ZnS-Fe2O3-Ag composite provides a simple, economical, efficient and greener method for the synthesis of one-pot multicomponent reaction of aldehyde with 1,3-diketones under solvent free conditions for the synthesis of 1,8-dioxooctahydro xanthenes. In short reaction time, great catalytic activity was perceived with no co-catalyst and any other activator.

TiO2-Polyheptazine Hybrid Photoanodes for Visible Light-Driven Water Splitting: The Effect of External Bias

2012 ◽  
Vol 1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Bledowski ◽  
Lidong Wang ◽  
Ayyappan Ramakrishnan ◽  
Radim Beranek
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Co Catalyst ◽  
Co Catalysts ◽  
External Bias ◽  
Visible Light Driven ◽  
Oxygen Evolving

ABSTRACTVisible (λ > 420 nm) light-driven photooxidation of water at TiO2-polyheptazine (TiO2-PH) hybrid photoanodes loaded with two different metal oxide co-catalysts was investigated in a twoelectrode setup. As compared to TiO2-PH photoanodes loaded with colloidal IrO2, photoelectrodes modified with photodeposited CoOx oxygen-evolving co-catalyst (Co-Pi) showed both higher photocurrents and more efficient oxygen evolution. The minimum external electric bias needed to observe complete photooxidation of water to dioxygen at TiO2-PH photoanodes modified with Co-Pi was estimated to be ca. 0.6 V at pH 7.

Existence of Cubic ZrO2 at 300°C on Bulk Zirconium

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
R.A. Ploc
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Substrate ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Monoclinic Zirconia ◽  
Epitaxial Relationship

The manner in which ZrO2 forms on zirconium at 300°C in air has been discussed in the first reference. In short, monoclinic zirconia nucleates and grows with a preferred orientation relative to the metal substrate. The mode of growth is not well understood since an epitaxial relationship which gives minimum misfit between the zirconium ions in the metal/oxide combination is not realized. The reason may be associated with a thin cubic or tetragonal layer of ZrO2 between the inner oxygen saturated metal and the outer monoclinic zirconia.

Recent advancement in the electrocatalytic synthesis of ammonia

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 8065-8094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xudong Wen ◽  
Jingqi Guan
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Oxide Catalysts ◽  
Single Atom ◽  
Metal Oxide Catalysts ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Recent Advancement ◽  
Nanocomposite Catalysts

Different kinds of electrocatalysts used in NRR electrocatalysis (including single atom catalysts, metal oxide catalysts, nanocomposite catalysts, and metal free catalysts) are introduced.

Routes of metal oxide formation from metal β-diketonates used as CVD precursors

1999 ◽  
Vol 09 (PR8) ◽  
pp. Pr8-65-Pr8-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Turgambaeva ◽  
V. V. Krisyuk ◽  
A. F. Bykov ◽  
I. K. Igumenov
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Oxide Formation
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