Toxic effects of Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr. and development of a validated UPLC/MS/MS method for profiling of urine metabolic changes

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 953 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Y. Hou ◽  
K. S. Bi ◽  
L. L. Geng ◽  
X. Zhao ◽  
X. Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Euphorbia Pekinensis Rupr

scholarly journals The modes of action of toxic agents I. Observations on the poisoning of certain crustaceans by copper and mercury

1956 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. S. Corner ◽  
B. W. Sparrow
Keyword(s):  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
Toxic Agents

Reports of recent attempts to discover how copper and mercury act as poisons to crustaceans are to be found in papers by Clarke (1947), Pyefinch & Mott (1948), Barnes & Stanbury (1948), Hoffmann (1950) and Russell Hunter (1950). Most of the evidence obtained has been interpreted in the light of two general theories (cf. Pyefinch & Mott, 1948). One is that these poisons exert their toxic effects by inactivating vital processes which occur at the animal's surface: the other is that they are absorbed by the animal and act internally by inhibiting metabolic changes. However, conclusive evidence supporting or excluding either possibility has yet to be obtained.

Integrated 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis of earthworm responses to sub-lethal Pb exposure

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Chen ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Ming-Hui Li ◽  
Hua-Dong Xu ◽  
Ji-Yang Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Orthogonal Signal Correction ◽  
Pb Exposure ◽  
Biochemical Assessment

Environmental contextHeavy metals are non-degradable and are therefore a severe and persistent environmental menace. The toxic effects of Pb were investigated using NMR to determine the metabolic changes in earthworms exposed to Pb. The approach using 1H NMR to analyse earthworm metabolomics demonstrated great potential as a reliable, rapid and convenient tool to assess the toxicity of heavy metals and could be used to identify warning signs of heavy metal contamination of soil. AbstractA 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based approach to metabolomics combined with atomic absorption spectroscopy, histopathological examination and biochemical assessment was used to determine the toxic effects of lead (Pb) on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Earthworms were exposed to Pb in a lead nitrate solution at converted concentrations of 1.25, 5.0 and 20µgcm–2 in contact tests for 48h. Based on histopathological inspection, the epidermis, muscles, chloragogenous tissues and intestinal epithelium were severely impaired. Based on biochemical assessment, a disruption of the antioxidative system and neurotoxic effects in earthworms occurred following exposure to Pb. Orthogonal signal correction–partial least-squares-discriminant analysis of NMR profiles indicated that Pb exposure in earthworms caused widespread metabolic changes, which were associated with oxidative stress, neurotransmitter imbalance, disruption of osmotic equilibrium and interference in energy metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism. The integrated metabolomics approach provided new insights into Pb-induced toxicity in earthworms. Metabolomics is a powerful and highly effective approach and has great promise to determine the ecotoxicological effects and the underlying mechanisms of toxicity of heavy metals.

Ultrastructure of the effect of T-514 obtained from Karwinskia humboldtiana on assembly and integrity of yeast's peroxisomes

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 136-137
Author(s):  
J. Sepulveda-Saavedra ◽  
I. Vander-Klei ◽  
M. Venhuis ◽  
Y. Piñeyro-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Candida Boidinii ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Poisonous Plant ◽  
Biological Behaviour ◽  
Enzyme Content ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Yeast Model

Karwinskia humboldtiana is a poisonous plant that grows in semi desertic areas in north and central México. It produces several substances with different toxic effects. One of them designated T-514 damages severely the lung, kidney and liver, producing in the hepatoeyte large intracellular fat deposits and necrosis. Preliminary observations demonstrated that three is a decrease in the amount of peroxisomes in the hepatocytes of experimentally intoxicated rats and monkeys. To study the effect exerted by the T-514 on peroxisomes, a yeast model was selected, thus, three species: Saccha romices cerevisiae, Ilansenula polymorpha and Candida boidinii were used, because there is information concerning their peroxisome's morphology, enzyme content, biological behaviour under different culture conditions and biogenesis.

Some Conditions Necessary for Pinocytosis

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 142-143
Author(s):  
M. W. Brightman
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Cytological Evidence ◽  
Cell Processes

The cytological evidence for pinocytosis is the focal infolding of the cell membrane to form surface pits that eventually pinch off and move into the cytoplasm. This activity, which can be inhibited by oxidative and glycolytic poisons, is performed only by cell processes that are at least 300A wide. However, the interpretation of such toxic effects becomes equivocal if the membrane invaginations do not normally lead to the formation of migratory vesicles, as in some endothelia and in smooth muscle. The present study is an attempt to set forth some conditions under which pinocytosis, as distinct from the mere inclusion of material in surface invaginations, can take place.

A Cytochemical Study of Glucose-6-Phosphatase (G-6-PASE) in Cells Participating in Atherogenesis of Rabbit Aorta

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 460-461
Author(s):  
Sidney D. Kobernick ◽  
Edna A. Elfont ◽  
Neddra L. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Rabbit Aorta ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Cellular Alteration ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

This cytochemical study was designed to investigate early metabolic changes in the aortic wall that might lead to or accompany development of atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits. The hypothesis that the primary cellular alteration leading to plaque formation might be due to changes in either carbohydrate or lipid metabolism led to histochemical studies that showed elevation of G-6-Pase in atherosclerotic plaques of rabbit aorta. This observation initiated the present investigation to determine how early in plaque formation and in which cells this change could be observed.Male New Zealand white rabbits of approximately 2000 kg consumed normal diets or diets containing 0.25 or 1.0 gm of cholesterol per day for 10, 50 and 90 days. Aortas were injected jin situ with glutaraldehyde fixative and dissected out. The plaques were identified, isolated, minced and fixed for not more than 10 minutes. Incubation and postfixation proceeded as described by Leskes and co-workers.

Toxic effects of aerosol propellants on the heart

1973 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effects

Metabolic Changes During Behavioral Thermoregulation

1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Barofsky
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Behavioral Thermoregulation

Lack of Toxic Effects of Cocaine on Dopamine or Serotonin Neurons in the Rat Brain

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis S. Seiden ◽  
◽  
Mark S. Kleven
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Serotonin Neurons

Susceptibility to the toxic effects of cyclosporin in the rat: effects of aging

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (0) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
J Palomero
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Effects Of Aging
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