Two and three dimensional network polymers for electrocatalysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 11150-11161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Filer ◽  
Hyun-Jung Choi ◽  
Jeong-Min Seo ◽  
Jong-Beom Baek
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Network Polymers ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
3D Network

2 and 3D network polymers have demonstrated properties and much potential for use in electrocatalytic systems.

The role of the geoid in one-, two-, and three-dimensional network adjustments

CISM journal ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Sideris
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Control Networks ◽  
Deflections Of The Vertical ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
3D Network ◽  
Computational Procedures ◽  
The One ◽  
2D And 3D

The geoid and its horizontal derivatives, the deflections of the vertical, play an important role in the adjustment of geodetic networks. In the one-dimensional (1D) case, represented typically by networks of orthometric heights, the geoid provides the reference surface for the measurements. In the two-dimensional (2D) adjustment of horizontal control networks, the geoidal undulations N and deflections of the vertical ξ, η are needed for the reduction of the measured quantities onto the reference ellipsoid. In the three-dimensional (3D) adjustment, N and ξ, η are basically required to relate geodetic and astronomic quantities. The paper presents the major gravimetric methods currently used for predicting ξ, η and N, and briefly intercompares them in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and data required. The effects of N, ξ, η on various quantities used in the ID, 2D, and 3D network adjustments are described explicitly for each case and formulas are given for the errors introduced by either neglecting or using erroneous N, ξ, η in the computational procedures.

HETEROGENEOUS 3D NETWORK-ON-CHIP ARCHITECTURES: AREA AND POWER AWARE DESIGN TECHNIQUES

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 1350016 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL O. AGYEMAN ◽  
ALI AHMADINIA ◽  
ALIREZA SHAHRABI
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Network On Chip ◽  
Communication Delays ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Area Efficiency ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
3D Network ◽  
Packet Latency ◽  
And Performance ◽  
On Chip

Three-dimensional Network-on-Chip (3D NoC) architectures have gained a lot of popularity to solve the on-chip communication delays of next generation System-on-Chip (SoC) systems. However, the vertical interconnects of 3D NoC are expensive and complex to manufacture. Also, 3D router architecture consumes more power and occupies more area per chip floorplan compared to a 2D router. Hence, more efficient architectures should be designed. In this paper, we propose area efficient and low power 3D heterogeneous NoC architectures, which combines both the power and performance benefits of 2D routers and 3D NoC-bus hybrid router architectures in 3D NoC architectures. Experimental results show a negligible penalty (less than 5%) in average packet latency of the proposed heterogeneous 3D NoC architectures compared to typical homogeneous 3D NoCs, while the heterogeneity provides power and area efficiency of up to 61% and 19.7%, respectively.

Chiral Helices in a 3D Network of Zn2(en)V2O7 (en = Ethylenediamine)

2008 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 669-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Krachodnok ◽  
K.J. Haller ◽  
I.D. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
Tg Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
3D Network ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

An inorganic-organic hybrid vanadate complex, Zn2(en)V2O7 (en = ethylenediamine) has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray crystallography, TG analysis, IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21 with a = 7.0885(7), b = 8.6040(9), c = 8.1869(8) Å, b = 112.224(2)° and V = 462.22(8) Å3, T = 298±2 K and R1[I>2s(I)] = 0.0291 for 2170 observed reflections. The structure consists of undulating sheets constructed from helical chains that share Zn coordination centers with repeating units propagated into a helix by the two-fold screw axes at 0, y, ½ and pillared with alternating VO4 tetrahedra to generate a 3D chiral network. Neighboring helices are interconnected by µ2-O bridges to form the three-dimensional network. The strength of the network is reinforced by hydrogen bonding. TG analysis shows thermal stability of the network up to 283 °C.

Computational prediction of the molecular configuration of three-dimensional network polymers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lies De Keer ◽  
Karsu I. Kilic ◽  
Paul H. M. Van Steenberge ◽  
Lode Daelemans ◽  
Daniel Kodura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computational Prediction ◽  
Molecular Configuration ◽  
Network Polymers ◽  
Dimensional Network

scholarly journals A Simple Visualization Method for Three-Dimensional (3D) Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sangkwon Kim ◽  
Chaeyoung Lee ◽  
Jintae Park ◽  
Sungha Yoon ◽  
Yongho Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Objective Function ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Descent Method ◽  
Gradient Descent Method ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Network Information ◽  
Network Diagram ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
3D Network

The network is a concept that can be seen a lot in many areas of research. It is used to describe and interpret datasets in various fields such as social network, biological network, and metabolic regulation network. As a result, network diagrams appeared in various forms, and methods for visualizing the network information are being developed. In this article, we present a simple method with a weight of information data to visualize the network diagram for the three-dimensional (3D) network. The generic method of network visualization is a circular representation with many intersections. When dealing with a lot of data, the three-dimensional network graphics, which can be rotated, are easier to analyze than the two-dimensional (2D) network. The proposed algorithm focuses on visualizing three factors: the position and size of the nodes and the thickness of the edge between linked nodes. In the proposed method, an objective function is defined, which consists of two parts to locate the nodes: (i) a constraint for given distance, which is the weight of the relationship among all the data, and (ii) the mutual repulsive force among the given nodes. We apply the gradient descent method to minimize the objective function. The size of the nodes and the thickness of the edges are defined by using the weight of each node and the weight between other nodes associated with it, respectively. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm, the relationships of the characters in the two novels are visualized using 3D network diagram.

An Efficient Partitioning Algorithm Based on Hypergraph for 3D Network-On-Chip Architecture Floorplanning

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (05) ◽  
pp. 1950075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junyan Tan ◽  
Chunhua Cai
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Network On Chip ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Task Partitioning ◽  
Silicon Area ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
3D Network ◽  
Partitioning Algorithm ◽  
On Chip

Network-on-Chip (NoC) supplies a scalable and fast interconnect for the communication between the different IP cores in the System-on-Chip (SoC). With the growing complexity in consumer embedded systems, the emerging SoC architectures integrate more and more components for the different signal processing tasks. Two dimensional Network-on-Chip (2D NoC) becomes a bottleneck for the development of the SoC architecture because of its limitation on the area of chip and the long latency. In this case, SoC research is forcing on the exploration of three dimensions (3D) technology for developing the next generation of large SoC which integrates three dimensional Network-on-Chip (3D NoC) for the communication architecture. 3D design technology resolves the vertical inter-layer connection issue by Through-Silicon Vias (TSVs). However, TSVs occupy significant silicon area which limits the inter-layer links of the 3D NoC. Therefore, the task partitioning on 3D NoC must be judicious in large SoC design. In this paper, we propose an efficient layer-aware partitioning algorithm based on hypergraph (named ELAP-NoC) for the task partitioning with TSV minimization for 3D NoC architecture floorplanning. ELAP-NoC contains divergence stage and convergence stage. ELAP-NoC supplies firstly a multi-way min-cut partitioning to gradually divide a given design layer by layer in the divergence stage in order to get an initial solution, then this solution is refined in convergence stage. The experiments show that ELAP-NoC performs a better capacity in the partitioning of the different numbers of cores which supplies the first step for the 3D NoC floorplanning.

scholarly journals Dopamine-derived cavities/Fe3O4 nanoparticles-encapsulated carbonaceous composites with self-generated three-dimensional network structure as an excellent microwave absorber

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 766-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Guo ◽  
Sheng-Shuai Gao ◽  
Qing-Da An ◽  
Zuo-Yi Xiao ◽  
Shang-Ru Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Fe3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Microwave Absorber ◽  
Microwave Absorbers ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
3D Network

Hollow dopamine-derived cavities/Fe3O4 nanoparticles-encapsulated carbonaceous composites with self-generating 3D network structure were fabricated for potential application as excellent microwave absorbers.

Development of Mucoadhesive Buccal Drug Delivery System of Propranolol Hydrochloride Using Aster ericoides Mucilage

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
Ankaj Kaundal ◽  
Pravin Kumar ◽  
Rajendra Awasthi ◽  
Giriraj T. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
Aster Ericoides ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Buccal Tablet ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Volunteer Group

Aim: The study was aimed to develop mucoadhesive buccal tablets using Aster ericoides leaves mucilage. Background : Mucilages are naturally occurring high-molecular-weight polyuronides, which have been extensively studied for their application in different pharmaceutical dosage forms. Objective: The objective of the present research was to establish the mucilage isolated from the leaves of Aster ericoides as an excipient for the formulation of the mucoadhesive buccal tablet. Method: The mucilage was isolated from the leaves of Aster ericoides by maceration, precipitated with acetone and characterized. Tablets were prepared using wet granulation technique and evaluated for various official tests. Results: The mucilage was found to be non-toxic on A-431 and Vero cell lines. It was insoluble but swellable in cold and hot water. The results indicate that mucilage can form a three-dimensional network. The pH of the mucilage (6.82 ± 0.13) indicated that it might be non-irritant to the buccal cavity. The mucilage was found to be free from microbes. The release of drug was by Fickian diffusion. The in vivo buccal tablet acceptance was 80%. No significant difference between the diastolic blood pressure of standard and Aster tablets treated volunteer group was recorded. Conclusion: The mucilage was found to be non-toxic on A-431 and Vero cell lines. It was insoluble but swellable in cold and hot water. The results indicate that mucilage can form a three-dimensional network. The pH of the mucilage (6.82 ± 0.13) indicated that it might be non-irritant to the buccal cavity. The mucilage was found to be free from microbes. The release of drug was by Fickian diffusion. The in vivo buccal tablet acceptance was 80%. No significant difference between the diastolic blood pressure of standard and Aster tablets treated volunteer group was recorded. Other: However, to prove the potency of the polymer, in vivo bioavailability studies in human volunteers are needed along with chronic toxicity studies in suitable animal models.

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