scholarly journals Self assembled nanocages from DNA–protoporphyrin hybrid molecules

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (108) ◽  
pp. 89025-89029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Singh ◽  
Mohan Monisha ◽  
Roy Anindya ◽  
Prolay Das
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Protoporphyrin Ix ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Dna Oligomers ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks ◽  
Modified Dna ◽  
Hybrid Molecules ◽  
Self Assembled

DNA–organic hybrid molecular building blocks are generated by covalent conjugation of the carboxyl groups of protoporphyrin IX with the amine functional groups of modified DNA oligomers.

scholarly journals DNA–melamine hybrid molecules: from self-assembly to nanostructures

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1432-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Kumari ◽  
Shib Shankar Banerjee ◽  
Anil K Bhowmick ◽  
Prolay Das
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
The Self ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks ◽  
Cross Coupling Reaction ◽  
Linear Chains ◽  
Hybrid Molecules ◽  
Dna Strands

Single-stranded DNA–melamine hybrid molecular building blocks were synthesized using a phosphoramidation cross-coupling reaction with a zero linker approach. The self-assembly of the DNA–organic hybrid molecules was achieved by DNA hybridization. Following self-assembly, two distinct types of nanostructures in the form of linear chains and network arrays were observed. The morphology of the self-assembled nanostructures was found to depend on the number of DNA strands that were attached to a single melamine molecule.

Self-Assembly of Proteins into Three-Dimensional Structures Using Bio-Conjugation

2014 ◽  
Vol 1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Thakur ◽  
Kovur Prashanthi ◽  
Thomas Thundat
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Gold Surface ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks ◽  
Ring Structures ◽  
Self Assembled

ABSTRACTSelf–assembly of molecular building blocks provides an interesting route to produce well-defined chemical structures. Tailoring the functionalities on the building blocks and controlling the time of self-assembly could control the properties as well as the structure of the resultant patterns. Spontaneous self-assembly of biomolecules can generate bio-interfaces for myriad of potential applications. Here we report self-assembled patterning of human serum albumin (HSA) protein in to ring structures on a polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified gold surface. The structure of the self-assembled protein molecules and kinetics of structure formation entirely revolved around controlling the nucleation of the base layer. The formation of different sizes of ring patterns is attributed to growth conditions of the PEG islands for bio-conjugation. These assemblies might be beneficial in forming structurally ordered architectures of active proteins such as HSA or other globular proteins.

scholarly journals Prebiotic amino acids bind to and stabilize prebiotic fatty acid membranes

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (35) ◽  
pp. 17239-17244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin E. Cornell ◽  
Roy A. Black ◽  
Mengjun Xue ◽  
Helen E. Litz ◽  
Andrew Ramsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Rna Catalysis ◽  
Membrane Stabilization ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks ◽  
Prebiotic Amino Acids ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
High Concentrations

The membranes of the first protocells on the early Earth were likely self-assembled from fatty acids. A major challenge in understanding how protocells could have arisen and withstood changes in their environment is that fatty acid membranes are unstable in solutions containing high concentrations of salt (such as would have been prevalent in early oceans) or divalent cations (which would have been required for RNA catalysis). To test whether the inclusion of amino acids addresses this problem, we coupled direct techniques of cryoelectron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy with techniques of NMR spectroscopy, centrifuge filtration assays, and turbidity measurements. We find that a set of unmodified, prebiotic amino acids binds to prebiotic fatty acid membranes and that a subset stabilizes membranes in the presence of salt and Mg2+. Furthermore, we find that final concentrations of the amino acids need not be high to cause these effects; membrane stabilization persists after dilution as would have occurred during the rehydration of dried or partially dried pools. In addition to providing a means to stabilize protocell membranes, our results address the challenge of explaining how proteins could have become colocalized with membranes. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and our results are consistent with a positive feedback loop in which amino acids bound to self-assembled fatty acid membranes, resulting in membrane stabilization and leading to more binding in turn. High local concentrations of molecular building blocks at the surface of fatty acid membranes may have aided the eventual formation of proteins.

scholarly journals Making crystals with a purpose; a journey in crystal engineering at the University of Bologna

IUCrJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Braga ◽  
Fabrizia Grepioni ◽  
Lucia Maini ◽  
Simone d'Agostino
Keyword(s):  
Charge Distribution ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Crystal Engineering ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Mixed Crystals ◽  
The Other ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks ◽  
The One ◽  
The University ◽  
Conceptual Relationship

The conceptual relationship between crystal reactivity, stability and metastability, solubility and morphology on the one hand and shape, charge distribution, chirality and distribution of functional groups over the molecular surfaces on the other hand is discussed,viaa number of examples coming from three decades of research in the field of crystal engineering at the University of Bologna. The bottom-up preparation of mixed crystals, co-crystals and photoreactive materials starting from molecular building blocks across the borders of organic, organometallic and metalorganic chemistry is recounted.

scholarly journals Synthetic Advances in the C–H Activation of Rigid Scaffold Molecules

Synthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (22) ◽  
pp. 3295-3325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias O. Senge ◽  
Nitika Grover
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Properties ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Conjugated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks ◽  
Structural And Electronic Properties

The remarkable structural and electronic properties of rigid non-conjugated hydrocarbons afford attractive opportunities to design molecular building blocks for both medicinal and material applications. The bridgehead positions provide the possibility to append diverse functional groups at specific angles and in specific orientations. The current review summarizes the synthetic development in CH functionalization of three rigid scaffolds namely: (a) cubane, (b) bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP), (c) adamantane.1 Introduction2 Cubane2.1 Cubane Synthesis2.2 Cubane Functionalization3 Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP)3.1 BCP Synthesis3.2 BCP Functionalization4 Adamantane4.1 Adamantane Synthesis4.2 Adamantane Functionalization5 Conclusions and Outlook

Fluoroalkylsilanes with Embedded Functional Groups as Building Blocks for Environmentally Safer Self-Assembled Monolayers

Langmuir ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (25) ◽  
pp. 6988-6994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Ballarin ◽  
Davide Barreca ◽  
Maria Cristina Cassani ◽  
Giorgio Carraro ◽  
Chiara Maccato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Self Assembled Monolayers ◽  
Assembled Monolayers ◽  
Self Assembled

scholarly journals Hierarchical coassembly of DNA–triptycene hybrid molecular building blocks and zinc protoporphyrin IX

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 697-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Kumari ◽  
Sumit Singh ◽  
Mohan Monisha ◽  
Sourav Bhowmick ◽  
Anindya Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Protoporphyrin Ix ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Zinc Protoporphyrin ◽  
Dna Nanostructures ◽  
Native Page ◽  
Dna Nanostructure ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks

Herein, we describe the successful construction of composite DNA nanostructures by the self-assembly of complementary symmetrical 2,6,14-triptycenetripropiolic acid (TPA)–DNA building blocks and zinc protoporphyrin IX (Zn PpIX). DNA–organic molecule scaffolds for the composite DNA nanostructure were constructed through covalent conjugation of TPA with 5′-C12-amine-terminated modified single strand DNA (ssDNA) and its complementary strand. The repeated covalent conjugation of TPA with DNA was confirmed by using denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF). The biologically relevant photosensitizer Zn PpIX was used to direct the hybridization-mediated self-assembly of DNA–TPA molecular building blocks as well as a model guest molecule within the DNA–TPA supramolecular self-assembly. The formation of fiber-like composite DNA nanostructures was observed. Native PAGE, circular dichroism (CD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been utilized for analyzing the formation of DNA nanofibers after the coassembly. Computational methods were applied to discern the theoretical dimension of the DNA–TPA molecular building block of the nanofibers. A notable change in photocatalytic efficiency of Zn PpIX was observed when it was inside the TPA–DNA scaffold. The significant increase in ROS generation by Zn PpIX when trapped in this biocompatible DNA–TPA hybrid nanofiber may be an effective tool to explore photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications as well as photocatalytic reactions.

scholarly journals Design of Functionalized Lobed Particles for Porous Self-Assemblies

JOM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswajit Gorai ◽  
Brunno C. Rocha ◽  
Harish Vashisth
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Trigonal Bipyramidal ◽  
Square Planar ◽  
Random Aggregate ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Planar Geometries

AbstractColloidal particles fabricated with anisotropic interactions have emerged as building blocks for designing materials with various nanotechnological applications. We used coarse-grained Langevin dynamics simulations to probe the morphologies of self-assembled structures formed by lobed particles decorated with functional groups. We tuned the interactions between the functional groups to investigate their effect on the porosity of self-assembled structures formed by lobed particles with different shapes (snowman, dumbbell, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, square planar, trigonal bipyramidal, and octahedral) at different temperatures. The dumbbell, trigonal planar, and square planar shaped particles, with planar geometries, form self-assembled structures including elongated chains, honeycomb sheets, and square sheets, respectively. The particles with non-planar geometries (tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, and octahedral) self-assemble into random aggregate morphologies. The structures formed by trigonal bipyramidal and octahedral particles exhibit smaller and homogeneous pores compared to the structures formed by trigonal planar and square planar particles. The porosity in self-assembled structures is substantially enhanced by the functionalization of particles.

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