scholarly journals Blocking celiac antigenicity of the glutamine-rich gliadin 33-mer peptide by microbial transglutaminase

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (24) ◽  
pp. 14438-14447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhou ◽  
Yujie Wu ◽  
Youfei Cheng ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Jun Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Microbial Transglutaminase ◽  
Acyl Acceptor ◽  
Gliadin Peptide

Transamidation by mTG with variety of acyl-acceptor substrates decreased the antigenicity of gliadin peptide related to celiac disease.

scholarly journals Processed Food Additive Microbial Transglutaminase and Its Cross-Linked Gliadin Complexes Are Potential Public Health Concerns in Celiac Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Lerner ◽  
Torsten Matthias
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Tissue Transglutaminase ◽  
Microbial Transglutaminase ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
The Public ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Survival Factor ◽  
Gliadin Peptide ◽  
Wheat Products ◽  
Potential Public Health

Microbial transglutaminase (mTG) is a survival factor for microbes, but yeasts, fungi, and plants also produce transglutaminase. mTG is a cross-linker that is heavily consumed as a protein glue in multiple processed food industries. According to the manufacturers’ claims, microbial transglutaminase and its cross-linked products are safe, i.e., nonallergenic, nonimmunogenic, and nonpathogenic. The regulatory authorities declare it as “generally recognized as safe” for public users. However, scientific observations are accumulating concerning its undesirable effects on human health. Functionally, mTG imitates its family member, tissue transglutaminase, which is the autoantigen of celiac disease. Both these transglutaminases mediate cross-linked complexes, which are immunogenic in celiac patients. The enzyme enhances intestinal permeability, suppresses mechanical (mucus) and immunological (anti phagocytic) enteric protective barriers, stimulates luminal bacterial growth, and augments the uptake of gliadin peptide. mTG and gliadin molecules are cotranscytosed through the enterocytes and deposited subepithelially. Moreover, mucosal dendritic cell surface transglutaminase induces gliadin endocytosis, and the enzyme-treated wheat products are immunoreactive in CD patients. The present review summarizes and updates the potentially detrimental effects of mTG, aiming to stimulate scientific and regulatory debates on its safety, to protect the public from the enzyme’s unwanted effects.

Interplay between the toxic alpha-gliadin peptide 31-43 and type 2 transglutaminase enzyme in Celiac Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Gaetana Paolella ◽  
Marilena Lepretti ◽  
Stefania Martucciello ◽  
Lillà Lionetti ◽  
Carla Esposito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Gliadin Peptide

Diagnostic Value of Anti-deamidated Gliadin Peptide IgG Antibodies for Celiac Disease in Children and IgA-deficient Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourdes Mozo ◽  
Jesús Gómez ◽  
Esther Escanlar ◽  
Carlos Bousoño ◽  
Carmen Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Gliadin Peptide

Office-Based Point of Care Testing (IgA/IgG-Deamidated Gliadin Peptide) for Celiac Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 113 (8) ◽  
pp. 1238-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle S. Lau ◽  
Peter D. Mooney ◽  
William L. White ◽  
Michael A. Rees ◽  
Simon H. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Gliadin Peptide

scholarly journals THE USEFULNESS OF DEAMIDATED GLIADIN PEPTIDE IN SCREENING PEDIATRIC PATIENTS FOR CELIAC DISEASE

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. e14-e14
Author(s):  
Michelle Gould ◽  
Herbert Brill ◽  
Margaret Marcon ◽  
Catharine Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Tissue Transglutaminase ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Iga Deficiency ◽  
Additional Patient ◽  
Serologic Marker ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Gliadin Peptide

Abstract BACKGROUND Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by gliadin. The gold standard for diagnosis is small bowel biopsy. Screening with serologic markers to identify endoscopic candidates is commonly completed by paediatricians. The most common serologic marker used for screening is IgA anti-Tissue Transglutaminase (TTG) antibodies. Antibodies to deamidated gliadin peptide (DGP) is a newer assay with studies demonstrating a diagnostic performance similar to anti-TTG. In Canada, this assay has been added to many laboratory’s celiac screening panels. There is little evidence however regarding the usefulness of an isolated positive anti-DGP result in paediatric patients and no study has systematically assessed the presence of biopsy proven CD in solely anti-DGP positive paediatric patients. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the positive predictive value of anti-DGP for biopsy proven CD in paediatric patients with negative TTG IgA testing. DESIGN/METHODS A multi-center retrospective review of children referred to three centers in Ontario, Canada between January 2015 and December 2016 who had isolated anti-IgG DGP positive CD serology was completed. To be included, patients required serology positive for DGP IgG and negative for all other celiac serologic tests, as well as a duodenal biopsy while on a gluten-containing diet. The positive predictive value of isolated anti-DGP was calculated. RESULTS A total of 83 patients were identified with anti-DGP positive, anti-TTG negative serology. Of these, 40 patients underwent endoscopy. Only 1 patient had findings consistent with CD on biopsy (Marsh 3B histology), yielding a positive predictive value of 2.5%. This patient was IgA deficient. Amongst the cohort of IgA sufficient patients (N=25), the positive predictive value of anti-DGP serology was 0%. One additional patient who was IgA sufficient had findings in keeping with Marsh 2 histology, but repeat TTG and DGP testing was negative. Five patients were found to be IgA deficient at the time of serologic testing, 25 were IgA sufficient and 10 did not have a measured IgA. CONCLUSION Isolated positive DGP IgG serology has a poor positive predictive value for CD, especially in IgA sufficient individuals. For this reason, DGP IgG testing should not be completed as part of the initial screening for celiac disease in the paediatric population unless a compelling reason, such as IgA deficiency or age under 2 years, is present, in order to prevent unnecessary invasive follow-up testing and costs to patients and the health care system.

scholarly journals Atypical Celiac Disease: From Recognizing to Managing

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Admou ◽  
L. Essaadouni ◽  
K. Krati ◽  
K. Zaher ◽  
M. Sbihi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Gliadin Peptide ◽  
Atypical Celiac Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Therapeutic Alternatives

The nonclassic clinical presentation of celiac disease (CD) becomes increasingly common in physician’s daily practice, which requires an awareness of its many clinical faces with atypical, silent, and latent forms. Besides the common genetic background (HLA DQ2/DQ8) of the disease, other non-HLA genes are now notably reported with a probable association to atypical forms. The availability of high-sensitive and specific serologic tests such as antitissue transglutuminase, antiendomysium, and more recent antideamidated, gliadin peptide antibodies permits to efficiently uncover a large portion of the submerged CD iceberg, including individuals having conditions associated with a high risk of developing CD (type 1 diabetes, autoimmune diseases, Down syndrome, family history of CD, etc.), biologic abnormalities (iron deficiency anemia, abnormal transaminase levels, etc.), and extraintestinal symptoms (short stature, neuropsychiatric disorders, alopecia, dental enamel hypoplasia, recurrent aphtous stomatitis, etc.). Despite the therapeutic alternatives currently in developing, the strict adherence to a GFD remains the only effective and safe therapy for CD.

Microbial transglutaminase displays broad acyl-acceptor substrate specificity

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria T. Gundersen ◽  
Jeffrey W. Keillor ◽  
Joelle N. Pelletier
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Specificity ◽  
Microbial Transglutaminase ◽  
Acyl Acceptor ◽  
Acceptor Substrate
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