scholarly journals Characterizing the length-dependence of DNA nanotube end-to-end joining rates

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 544-558
Author(s):  
Michael S. Pacella ◽  
Vahid Mardanlou ◽  
Siddharth Agarwal ◽  
Anusha Patel ◽  
Elizabeth Jelezniakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
End Joining ◽  
Length Dependence ◽  
End To End ◽  
Dna Nanotube

We experimentally characterize the length-dependence of the end-to-end joining rate of DNA tile nanotubes. We then test the ability of three different models of polymer end-to-end joining to reproduce experimentally measured changes in nanotube lengths during joining.

scholarly journals End-to-end Joining of Taxol-stabilized GDP-containing Microtubules

1989 ◽  
Vol 264 (3) ◽  
pp. 1663-1670
Author(s):  
R C Williams ◽  
L A Rone
Keyword(s):  
End Joining ◽  
End To End

scholarly journals Revised subunit order of mammalian septin complexes explains their in-vitro polymerization properties

2020 ◽  
pp. mbc.E20-06-0398
Author(s):  
Forooz Soroor ◽  
Moshe S. Kim ◽  
Oliva Palander ◽  
Yadu Balachandran ◽  
Richard F. Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Cells ◽  
Cytoskeletal Proteins ◽  
End Joining ◽  
Gtp Binding ◽  
Specific Composition ◽  
End To End ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Filament Type

Septins are conserved GTP-binding cytoskeletal proteins that polymerize into filaments by end-to-end joining of heterooligomeric complexes. In human cells, both hexamers and octamers exist, and crystallography studies predicted the order of the hexamers to be SEPT7-SEPT6-SEPT2-SEPT2-SEPT6-SEPT7, while octamers are thought to have the same core, but with SEPT9 at the ends. However, based on this septin organization, octamers and hexamers would not be expected to co-polymerize due to incompatible ends. Here we isolated hexamers and octamers of specific composition from human cells and show that hexamers and octamers polymerize individually and, surprisingly, with each other. Binding of the BD3 domain of Borg3 results in distinctive clustering of each filament type. Moreover, we show that the organization of hexameric and octameric complexes is inverted compared to its original prediction. This revised septin organization is congruent with the organization and behavior of yeast septins suggesting that their properties are more conserved than was previously thought.

scholarly journals cGAS guards against chromosome end-to-end fusions during mitosis and facilitates replicative senescence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaocui Li ◽  
Xiaojuan Li ◽  
Chen Xie ◽  
Sihui Cai ◽  
Mengqiu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Stability ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Replicative Senescence ◽  
Genome Instability ◽  
Strand Break ◽  
End Joining ◽  
Dsb Repair ◽  
End To End ◽  
Non Homologous End Joining ◽  
Sting Pathway

AbstractAs a sensor of cytosolic DNA, the role of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) in innate immune response is well established, yet how its functions in different biological conditions remain to be elucidated. Here, we identify cGAS as an essential regulator in inhibiting mitotic DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair and protecting short telomeres from end-to-end fusion independent of the canonical cGAS-STING pathway. cGAS associates with telomeric/subtelomeric DNA during mitosis when TRF1/TRF2/POT1 are deficient on telomeres. Depletion of cGAS leads to mitotic chromosome end-to-end fusions predominantly occurring between short telomeres. Mechanistically, cGAS interacts with CDK1 and positions them to chromosome ends. Thus, CDK1 inhibits mitotic non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) by blocking the recruitment of RNF8. cGAS-deficient human primary cells are defective in entering replicative senescence and display chromosome end-to-end fusions, genome instability and prolonged growth arrest. Altogether, cGAS safeguards genome stability by controlling mitotic DSB repair to inhibit mitotic chromosome end-to-end fusions, thus facilitating replicative senescence.

Enzymatic End-to-end Joining of DNA Molecules

1989 ◽  
pp. 531-551
Author(s):  
PETER E. LOBBAN ◽  
A.D. KAISER
Keyword(s):  
Dna Molecules ◽  
End Joining ◽  
End To End

End-to-end joining of microtubules: Kinetics in crowded solutions

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 145 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 200-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Williams ◽  
Lisa A. Rone
Keyword(s):  
End Joining ◽  
End To End

Somatic cells efficiently join unrelated DNA segments end-to-end

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 1258-1269
Author(s):  
J H Wilson ◽  
P B Berget ◽  
J M Pipas
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Simian Virus 40 ◽  
Simian Virus ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
End Joining ◽  
End To End ◽  
Molecular Substrates ◽  
Dna Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Sv40 Dna

Molecular substrates for probing nonhomologous recombination in somatic cells were constructed by inserting pBR322 sequences at selected sites on the simian virus 40 (SV40) genome. The chimeric products are too large to be packaged into an SV40 capsid. Therefore, production of viable progeny requires that most of the pBR322 sequences be deleted without altering any SV40 sequences that are essential for lytic infection. As judged by plaque assay, these recombination events occur at readily detectable frequencies after transfection into CV1 monkey kidney cells. Depending on the site of pBR322 insertion, the infectivities of the full-length circular or linear chimeras ranged from 0.02 to 2% of the infectivity of linear wild-type SV40 DNA. Nucleotide sequence analysis of several recombinant progeny revealed three distinct classes of recombination junction and indicated that the causative recombination events were minimally dependent on sequence homology. Potential mechanisms involving recombination at internal sites or at ends were distinguished by measuring the infectivity of chimeric molecules from which various lengths of pBR322 had been removed. These data support end-to-end joining as the primary mechanism by which DNA segments recombine nonhomologously in somatic cells. This end joining appears to be very efficient, since SV40 genomes with complementary single-stranded tails or with short non-complementary pBR322 tails were comparably infectious. Overall, this study indicates that mammalian somatic cells are quite efficient at the willy-nilly end-to-end joining of unrelated DNA segments.

scholarly journals Somatic cells efficiently join unrelated DNA segments end-to-end.

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 1258-1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
J H Wilson ◽  
P B Berget ◽  
J M Pipas
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Simian Virus 40 ◽  
Simian Virus ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
End Joining ◽  
End To End ◽  
Molecular Substrates ◽  
Dna Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Sv40 Dna

Molecular substrates for probing nonhomologous recombination in somatic cells were constructed by inserting pBR322 sequences at selected sites on the simian virus 40 (SV40) genome. The chimeric products are too large to be packaged into an SV40 capsid. Therefore, production of viable progeny requires that most of the pBR322 sequences be deleted without altering any SV40 sequences that are essential for lytic infection. As judged by plaque assay, these recombination events occur at readily detectable frequencies after transfection into CV1 monkey kidney cells. Depending on the site of pBR322 insertion, the infectivities of the full-length circular or linear chimeras ranged from 0.02 to 2% of the infectivity of linear wild-type SV40 DNA. Nucleotide sequence analysis of several recombinant progeny revealed three distinct classes of recombination junction and indicated that the causative recombination events were minimally dependent on sequence homology. Potential mechanisms involving recombination at internal sites or at ends were distinguished by measuring the infectivity of chimeric molecules from which various lengths of pBR322 had been removed. These data support end-to-end joining as the primary mechanism by which DNA segments recombine nonhomologously in somatic cells. This end joining appears to be very efficient, since SV40 genomes with complementary single-stranded tails or with short non-complementary pBR322 tails were comparably infectious. Overall, this study indicates that mammalian somatic cells are quite efficient at the willy-nilly end-to-end joining of unrelated DNA segments.

scholarly journals Organization and dynamics of the nonhomologous end-joining machinery during DNA double-strand break repair

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (20) ◽  
pp. E2575-E2584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan A. Reid ◽  
Sarah Keegan ◽  
Alejandra Leo-Macias ◽  
Go Watanabe ◽  
Natasha T. Strande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Strand Break ◽  
Nonhomologous End Joining ◽  
Dna Ligase ◽  
End Joining ◽  
Dna Ligase Iv ◽  
Ligase Iv ◽  
End To End

Nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) is a major repair pathway for DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), involving synapsis and ligation of the broken strands. We describe the use of in vivo and in vitro single-molecule methods to define the organization and interaction of NHEJ repair proteins at DSB ends. Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy allowed the precise visualization of XRCC4, XLF, and DNA ligase IV filaments adjacent to DSBs, which bridge the broken chromosome and direct rejoining. We show, by single-molecule FRET analysis of the Ku/XRCC4/XLF/DNA ligase IV NHEJ ligation complex, that end-to-end synapsis involves a dynamic positioning of the two ends relative to one another. Our observations form the basis of a new model for NHEJ that describes the mechanism whereby filament-forming proteins bridge DNA DSBs in vivo. In this scheme, the filaments at either end of the DSB interact dynamically to achieve optimal configuration and end-to-end positioning and ligation.

A novel pathway of DNA end-to-end joining

Cell ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 921-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Thode
Keyword(s):  
End Joining ◽  
End To End
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