scholarly journals Rationally designed anionic diblock copolymer worm gels are useful model systems for calcite occlusion studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (37) ◽  
pp. 5131-5141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee A. Fielding ◽  
Coit T. Hendley IV ◽  
Emily Asenath-Smith ◽  
Lara A. Estroff ◽  
Steven P. Armes
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Diblock Copolymer ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Macromolecular Chain ◽  
Carboxylate Groups ◽  
Transfer Agents

Binary mixtures of RAFT macromolecular chain transfer agents are utilized to rationally design anionic diblock copolymer nanoparticles via PISA. The role of carboxylate groups in directing calcite growth within copolymer worm gels is investigated.

Monodisperse poly(methyl methacrylate) microspheres with tunable carboxyl groups on the surface obtained by photoinitiated RAFT dispersion polymerization

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (54) ◽  
pp. 7848-7851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangliang Yu ◽  
Yuxuan Zhang ◽  
Xiaocong Dai ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Jianbo Tan
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Dispersion Polymerization ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Polymeric Microspheres ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Macromolecular Chain ◽  
Transfer Agents

Monodisperse polymeric microspheres with tunable carboxy groups on the surface are prepared by photoinitiated RAFT dispersion polymerization using binary mixtures of two macromolecular chain transfer agents (macro-CTAs).

Polymerization-induced self-assembly: ethanolic RAFT dispersion polymerization of 2-phenylethyl methacrylate

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2342-2351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwen Pei ◽  
Andrew B. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Dispersion Polymerization ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Average Degree ◽  
Macromolecular Chain ◽  
Ethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Reversible Addition ◽  
Transfer Agents

Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) radical dispersion polymerization (RAFTDP) has been employed to polymerize 2-phenylethyl methacrylate (PEMA) using poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA) macromolecular chain transfer agents (macro-CTAs) of varying average degree of polymerization (X̄n).

The role of chain transfer agents in the emulsion polymerization of styrene

1982 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1261-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamoru Nomura ◽  
Yasunobu Minamino ◽  
Kazumi Fujita ◽  
Makoto Harada
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Transfer Agents

Role of Chain Transfer Agents in Free Radical Polymerization Kinetics

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 1823-1835 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Furuncuoğlu ◽  
İ. Uğur ◽  
İ. Değirmenci ◽  
V. Aviyente
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Free Radical Polymerization ◽  
Polymerization Kinetics ◽  
Transfer Agents

scholarly journals Evaluation of Isoprene Chain Extension from PEO Macromolecular Chain Transfer Agents for the Preparation of Dual, Invertible Block Copolymer Nanoassemblies

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (17) ◽  
pp. 7128-7138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy W. Bartels ◽  
Solène I. Cauët ◽  
Peter L. Billings ◽  
Lily Yun Lin ◽  
Jiahua Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Chain Extension ◽  
Macromolecular Chain ◽  
Transfer Agents

Surfactant-Free RAFT Emulsion Polymerization Using Poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) Trithiocarbonate Macromolecular Chain Transfer Agents

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (15) ◽  
pp. 6302-6310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jutta Rieger ◽  
Wenjing Zhang ◽  
François Stoffelbach ◽  
Bernadette Charleux
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Macromolecular Chain ◽  
Transfer Agents

Regulation of microRNAs in Inflammation-Associated Colorectal Cancer: A Mechanistic Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Muthusami ◽  
Ilangovan Ramachandran ◽  
Sneha Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Yuvaraj Sambandam ◽  
Satish Ramalingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Mechanistic Approach ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha

: The development of colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multi-stage process. The inflammation of the colon as in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn’s disease (CD) is often regarded as the initial trigger for the development of CRC. Many cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and several interleukins (ILs) are known to exert proinflammatory actions, and inflammation initiates or promotes tumorigenesis of various cancers, including CRC through differential regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs). miRNAs can be oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs) or anti-oncomiRs/tumor suppressor miRNAs, and they play key roles during colorectal carcinogenesis. However, the functions and molecular mechanisms of regulation of miRNAs involved in inflammation-associated CRC are still anecdotal and largely unknown. Consolidating the published results and offering perspective solutions to circumvent CRC, the current review is focused on the role of miRNAs and their regulation in the development of CRC. We have also discussed the model systems adapted by researchers to delineate the role of miRNAs in inflammation-associated CRC.

Role of inflammation in the development of colorectal cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Muthusami ◽  
R. Ileng Kumaran ◽  
Kokelavani Nampalli Babu ◽  
Sneha Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Akash Guruswamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Proinflammatory Molecules

: Chronic inflammation can lead to the development of many diseases including cancer. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that includes both ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are risk factors for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Many cytokines produced primarily by the gut immune cells either during or in response to localized inflammation in the colon and rectum are known to stimulate the complex interactions between the different cell types in the gut environment resulting in acute inflammation. Subsequently, chronic inflammation together with genetic and epigenetic changes has been shown to lead to the development and progression of CRC. Various cell types present in the colon such as enterocytes, Paneth cells, goblet cells and macrophages express receptors for inflammatory cytokines and respond to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6 and other cytokines. Among the several cytokines produced, TNF-α and IL-1β are the key proinflammatory molecules that play critical roles in the development of CRC. The current review is intended to consolidate the published findings to focus on the role of proinflammatory cytokines, namely TNF-α and IL-1β, on inflammation (and the altered immune response) in the gut, to better understand the development of CRC in IBD, using various experimental model systems, preclinical and clinical studies. Moreover, this review also highlights the current therapeutic strategies available (monotherapy and combination therapy), to alleviate the symptoms or treat inflammationassociated CRC by using monoclonal antibodies or aptamers to block proinflammatory molecules, inhibitors of tyrosine kinases in inflammatory signaling cascade, competitive inhibitors of proinflammatory molecules, and the nucleic acid drugs like small activating RNAs (saRNAs) or microRNA (miRNA) mimics to activate tumor suppressor or repress oncogene/proinflammatory cytokine gene expression.

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