scholarly journals N-Phenylputrescine (NPP): A Natural Product Inspired Amine Donor for Biocatalysis.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine A McKenna ◽  
Maria Stiblarikova ◽  
Irene De Silvestro ◽  
Dominic James Campopiano ◽  
Andrew L Lawrence

The synthesis of chiral amines in enantioenriched form is a keystone reaction in applied chemical synthesis. There is a strong push to develop greener and more sustainable alternatives to the...

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine McKenna ◽  
Mária Štiblariková ◽  
Irene De Silvestro ◽  
Dominic Campopiano ◽  
Andrew Lawrence

The synthesis of chiral amines in enantioenriched form is a keystone reaction in applied chemical synthesis. There is a strong push to develop greener and more sustainable alternatives to the metal-catalysed methods currently used in the pharmaceutical, agrochemical and fine chemical industries. A biocatalytic approach using transaminase (TA or ATA) enzymes to convert prochiral ketones to chiral amines with unparalleled levels of enantioselectivity is highly appealing. However, the use of TA enzymes in synthesis is severely hampered by the unfavourable thermodynamics associated with the amine donor/acceptor equilibrium. Several ‘smart’ amine donors have been developed that leverage chemical and physical driving forces to overcome this challenging equilibrium. Alongside this strategy, enzyme engineering is typically required to develop TAs compatible with these non-physiological amine donors and the unnatural reaction conditions they require. We herein disclose N-phenylputrescine (NPP) as a readily accessible amine donor, inspired by the biosynthesis of the dipyrroloquinoline alkaloids. NPP is compatible with a broad range of synthetically useful TA biocatalysts and performs across an unparalleled variety of reaction conditions (pH and temperature). Synthetic applicability has been demonstrated through the synthesis of the anti-diabetic drug sitagliptin, delivering the product in excellent enantiopurity using just two equivalents of NPP<br>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine McKenna ◽  
Mária Štiblariková ◽  
Irene De Silvestro ◽  
Dominic Campopiano ◽  
Andrew Lawrence

The synthesis of chiral amines in enantioenriched form is a keystone reaction in applied chemical synthesis. There is a strong push to develop greener and more sustainable alternatives to the metal-catalysed methods currently used in the pharmaceutical, agrochemical and fine chemical industries. A biocatalytic approach using transaminase (TA or ATA) enzymes to convert prochiral ketones to chiral amines with unparalleled levels of enantioselectivity is highly appealing. However, the use of TA enzymes in synthesis is severely hampered by the unfavourable thermodynamics associated with the amine donor/acceptor equilibrium. Several ‘smart’ amine donors have been developed that leverage chemical and physical driving forces to overcome this challenging equilibrium. Alongside this strategy, enzyme engineering is typically required to develop TAs compatible with these non-physiological amine donors and the unnatural reaction conditions they require. We herein disclose N-phenylputrescine (NPP) as a readily accessible amine donor, inspired by the biosynthesis of the dipyrroloquinoline alkaloids. NPP is compatible with a broad range of synthetically useful TA biocatalysts and performs across an unparalleled variety of reaction conditions (pH and temperature). Synthetic applicability has been demonstrated through the synthesis of the anti-diabetic drug sitagliptin, delivering the product in excellent enantiopurity using just two equivalents of NPP<br>


ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (25) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Habay ◽  
Steve S. Park ◽  
Steven M. Kennedy ◽  
A. Richard Chamberlin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Lusi ◽  
Goh Sennari ◽  
Richmond Sarpong

<p>Natural product total synthesis inspires strategy development in chemical synthesis. In the 1960s, Corey and coworkers demonstrated a visionary preparation of the terpenoid longifolene, using “strategic bond analysis” to craft a synthesis route. This approach proposes that efficient synthesis routes to bridged, polycyclic, structures should be formulated to introduce the bulk of the target’s topological complexity at a late stage. In subsequent decades, similar strategies have proved general for the syntheses of a wide variety of bridged, polycyclic molecules. Here, we demonstrate that an orthogonal strategy, which utilizes a topologically complex bicyclo[2.2.1] starting material accessed through a scaffold rearrangement of (<i>S</i>)-carvone, leads to a remarkably short synthesis of the longifolene-related terpenoid longiborneol. We also employ a variety of late-stage C–H functionalization tactics in divergent syntheses of many longiborneol congeners. Our strategy should prove effective for the preparation of other topologically complex natural products that contain the bicyclo[2.2.1] framework.</p>


Author(s):  
Stephen A. Habay ◽  
Steve S. Park ◽  
Steven M. Kennedy ◽  
A. Richard Chamberlin

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