scholarly journals Adsorbed xenon propellant storage: are nanoporous materials worth the weight?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie T Huynh ◽  
Nickolas Gantzler ◽  
Samuel Hough ◽  
David Roundy ◽  
Praveen Kumar Thallapally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressures ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Nanoporous Materials ◽  
Bulk Storage

Xenon is used as a propellant for spacecraft. Conventionally, xenon is compressed to high pressures (75-300 bar) for bulk storage onboard the spacecraft. An adsorbed xenon storage system based on...

scholarly journals Adsorbed Xenon Propellant Storage: Are Nanoporous Materials Worth the Weight?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie T. Huynh ◽  
Nickolas Gantzler ◽  
Samuel Hough ◽  
David Roundy ◽  
Praveen K. Thallapally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Nanoporous Materials ◽  
Bulk Storage ◽  
Xenon Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Metal Organic

Xenon is used as a propellant for spacecraft. Conventionally, xenon is compressed to high pressures (75-300 bar) for bulk storage onboard the spacecraft. An adsorbed xenon storage system based on nanoporous materials (NPMs) could, potentially, (i) reduce the storage pressures, (ii) allow for thinner-walled and lighter pressure vessels, and (iii) if the NPM itself is sufficiently light, reduce the overall mass of the storage system and thus of the payload of the rocket launch.<br><br>To investigate, we develop a simple mathematical model of an adsorbed xenon storage system by coupling a mechanical model for the pressure vessel and a thermodynamic model for the density of xenon adsorbed in the NPM. From the model, we derive the optimal storage pressure, tailored to each NPM, with the objective of minimizing the mass of the storage materials (walls of the pressure vessel + NPM) required to store the xenon. The model enables us to: (i) rank NPMs for adsorbed xenon propellant storage, (ii) compare adsorbed storage to the baseline of bulk storage, and (iii) understand what properties of NPMs are desirable for adsorbed xenon propellant storage.<br><br>We use the model to evaluate several NPMs, mostly metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), for adsorbed xenon propellant storage at room temperature, using experimental xenon adsorption data as input. We find Ni-MOF-74 and MOF-505 outperform the traditional adsorbent, activated carbon. However, we find each optimized adsorbed xenon storage system is heavier than the optimized bulk storage system, owing dominantly to the large mass of the NPM itself. Our model suggests that, for a NPM to provide a lighter adsorbed xenon storage system compared to bulk storage, the saturation loading of xenon in the adsorbent must exceed ca. 94 mmol Xe/g adsorbent.

scholarly journals Adsorbed Xenon Propellant Storage: Are Nanoporous Materials Worth the Weight?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie T. Huynh ◽  
Nickolas Gantzler ◽  
Samuel Hough ◽  
David Roundy ◽  
Praveen K. Thallapally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Nanoporous Materials ◽  
Bulk Storage ◽  
Xenon Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Metal Organic

Xenon is used as a propellant for spacecraft. Conventionally, xenon is compressed to high pressures (75-300 bar) for bulk storage onboard the spacecraft. An adsorbed xenon storage system based on nanoporous materials (NPMs) could, potentially, (i) reduce the storage pressures, (ii) allow for thinner-walled and lighter pressure vessels, and (iii) if the NPM itself is sufficiently light, reduce the overall mass of the storage system and thus of the payload of the rocket launch.<br><br>To investigate, we develop a simple mathematical model of an adsorbed xenon storage system by coupling a mechanical model for the pressure vessel and a thermodynamic model for the density of xenon adsorbed in the NPM. From the model, we derive the optimal storage pressure, tailored to each NPM, with the objective of minimizing the mass of the storage materials (walls of the pressure vessel + NPM) required to store the xenon. The model enables us to: (i) rank NPMs for adsorbed xenon propellant storage, (ii) compare adsorbed storage to the baseline of bulk storage, and (iii) understand what properties of NPMs are desirable for adsorbed xenon propellant storage.<br><br>We use the model to evaluate several NPMs, mostly metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), for adsorbed xenon propellant storage at room temperature, using experimental xenon adsorption data as input. We find Ni-MOF-74 and MOF-505 outperform the traditional adsorbent, activated carbon. However, we find each optimized adsorbed xenon storage system is heavier than the optimized bulk storage system, owing dominantly to the large mass of the NPM itself. Our model suggests that, for a NPM to provide a lighter adsorbed xenon storage system compared to bulk storage, the saturation loading of xenon in the adsorbent must exceed ca. 94 mmol Xe/g adsorbent.

A WWW Interface for Viewing and Searching Sets of Digital Images

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 402-403
Author(s):  
Mary Thompson ◽  
Jacob Bastacky ◽  
William Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Mass Storage ◽  
Bulk Storage ◽  
Image Library ◽  
Microscope Images ◽  
Mass Storage System ◽  
Remote Sites

As microscope images are increasingly being created and stored digitally, researchers are in need of tools to help them organize and quickly search these collections. Because of the large amount of storage taken up by digital images they are frequently kept on bulk storage systems remote from the microscopist’s PC or workstation. The interface to these mass storage systems may be awkward and viewing large, remotely stored images can be very slow, making it difficult for the user to find a desired image.The LBNL Image Library was designed and implemented to provide a system to help researchers organize, browse and search through digital image collections, especially collections where the original images are stored off-line in a mass storage system. We also wanted to facilitate co-operative research by allowing access to the images by specified users at local and remote sites.

scholarly journals Isosteric enthalpies for hydrogen adsorbed on nanoporous materials at high pressures

Adsorption ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 373-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno Bimbo ◽  
Jessica E. Sharpe ◽  
Valeska P. Ting ◽  
Antonio Noguera-Díaz ◽  
Timothy J. Mays
Keyword(s):  
High Pressures ◽  
Nanoporous Materials

A Color Coded STEM/SEM Image Storage System

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 272-273
Author(s):  
Y. Kokubo ◽  
W. H. Hardy ◽  
J. Dance ◽  
K. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Particle Analysis ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Backscattered Electrons ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scanning Electron

A color coded digital image processing is accomplished by using JEM100CX TEM SCAN and ORTEC’s LSI-11 computer based multi-channel analyzer (EEDS-II-System III) for image analysis and display. Color coding of the recorded image enables enhanced visualization of the image using mathematical techniques such as compression, gray scale expansion, gamma-processing, filtering, etc., without subjecting the sample to further electron beam irradiation once images have been stored in the memory.The powerful combination between a scanning electron microscope and computer is starting to be widely used 1) - 4) for the purpose of image processing and particle analysis. Especially, in scanning electron microscopy it is possible to get all information resulting from the interactions between the electron beam and specimen materials, by using different detectors for signals such as secondary electron, backscattered electrons, elastic scattered electrons, inelastic scattered electrons, un-scattered electrons, X-rays, etc., each of which contains specific information arising from their physical origin, study of a wide range of effects becomes possible.

A first-principles Hartree-Fock description of MnO at high pressures

1998 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1063-1075
Author(s):  
W. C. Mackrodt, E.-A. Williamson, D. W
Keyword(s):  
First Principles ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Hartree Fock

Apparatus for Measuring High Pressures in Liquids

1882 ◽  
Vol 13 (337supp) ◽  
pp. 5377-5377
Keyword(s):  
High Pressures

Zeolite-gas systems and solar refrigeration : a study of the adsorptive properties at high pressures in the R22 freon-13X zeolite and ammonia-13X zeolite systems

1990 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 393-405
Author(s):  
B Diawara ◽  
LC Dufour ◽  
R de Hartoulari ◽  
M Moutaabbid ◽  
MH Simonot-Grange
Keyword(s):  
High Pressures ◽  
13X Zeolite ◽  
Solar Refrigeration ◽  
Adsorptive Properties
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