scholarly journals The preparation of nylon-tube-supported hexokinase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and the use of the co-immobilized enzymes in the automated determination of glucose.

1975 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
D L Morris ◽  
J Campbell ◽  
W E Hornby
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Immobilized Enzymes ◽  
Nylon Tube ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Automated Determination

Triethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate was used to O-alkylate nylon-tube thus producing the imidate salt of the nylon which was further made to react with 1,6-diaminohexane. 2. Hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) were immobilized on the amino-substituted nylon tube through glutaraldeyde and bisimidates. 3. The effect of varying the conditions of O-alkylation and the amount of enzyme immobilized on the activity of nylon tube-hexokinase derivatives was determined. 4. The effect of varying the amount of enzyme immobilized on the activity of nylon-tube-glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase derivatives was determined. 5. The thermal stability of nylon-tube-hexokinase and nylon-tube-glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase derivatives was studied. 6. Different ratios of hexokinase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase were co-immobilized on nylon tube, and the rate of conversion of glucose into 6-phosphogluconolactone was compared with the individual activities of the immobilized enzymes. 7. Hexokinase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase co-immobilized on nylon tube were used in the automated analysis of glucose.

scholarly journals The immobilization of enzymes on nylon structures and their use in automated analysis

1972 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Inman ◽  
W. E. Hornby
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Nylon Membrane ◽  
Nylon Tube ◽  
Immobilization Of Enzymes ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Immobilized Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Automated Determination

1. Glucose oxidase (EC 1.1.3.4) and urease (EC 3.5.1.5) were covalently attached through glutaraldehyde to low-molecular-weight nylon powder. 2. Immobilized derivatives of glucose oxidase and urease were prepared by cross-linking the respective enzymes within the matrix of a nylon membrane. 3. An improved process is described for the immobilization of glucose oxidase and urease on the inside surface of partially hydrolysed nylon tube. 4. Automated analytical procedures are described for the determination of glucose with each of the three immobilized glucose oxidase derivatives and for the determination of urea with each of the three immobilized urease derivatives. 5. The efficiencies of the three immobilized enzyme structures as reagents for the automated determination of their substrates were compared.

scholarly journals Preparation of some immobilized linked enzyme systems and their use in the automated determination of disaccharides

1974 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Inman ◽  
W. E. Hornby
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Inside Surface ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Nylon Tube ◽  
In Series ◽  
Automated Determination

1. Glucose oxidase (EC 1.1.3.4), amyloglucosidase (EC 3.2.1.3), invertase (EC 3.2.1.26) and β-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) were covalently attached via glutaraldehyde to the inside surface of nylon tube. 2. The linked enzyme system, comprising invertase immobilized within a nylon tube acting in series with glucose oxidase immobilized in a similar way, was used for the automated determination of sucrose. 3. The linked enzyme system, comprising β-galactosidase immobilized within a nylon tube acting in series with glucose oxidase immobilized in a similar way, was used for the automated determination of lactose. 4. The linked enzyme system, comprising amyloglucosidase immobilized within a nylon tube acting in series with glucose oxidase immobilized in a similar way, was used for the automated determination of maltose. 5. Mixtures of glucose oxidase and amyloglucosidase were immobilized within the same piece of nylon tube and used for the automated determination of maltose. 6. Mixtures of glucose oxidase and invertase were immobilized within the same piece of nylon tube and used for the automated determination of sucrose.

Determination of the Thermal Stability of Explosives

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-277
Author(s):  
G. M. Nazin ◽  
B. L. Korsunskiy
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Single- and coupled-enzyme nylon-tube reactors for plasma glucose determination with glucose oxidase and aldehyde dehydrogenase.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1652-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Hinsch ◽  
A Antonijewić ◽  
P V Sundaram
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Immobilized Enzymes ◽  
Glucose Determination ◽  
Nylon Tube

Abstract We describe routine methods for determining glucose in plasma with use of aldehyde dehydrogenase or glucose oxidase-aldehyde dehydrogenase immobilized in a nylon tube that is integrated into a continuous-flow system. Although the coupled-enzyme nylon-tube reactors require the presence of a third enzyme, catalase, in solution, the kinetics are not so complicated as to preclude reliable routine determination of glucose at very low cost. Precision is good, and results correlate well with those by the method involving glucose oxidase in solution. More than 3000 tests may be carried out with one reactor. The immobilized enzymes are stable for several months at 4 degrees C when not in use.

Use of the Berthelot Reaction in the Automated Analysis of Serum Urea Nitrogen

1966 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan A Wilcox ◽  
Wallace E Carroll ◽  
Rex E Sterling ◽  
H A Davis ◽  
Arnold G Ware
Keyword(s):  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Serum Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Enzymatic Action ◽  
Diacetyl Monoxime ◽  
Automated Determination

Abstract A method is presented for the automated determination of urea nitrogen using the Berthelot reaction for measuring the ammonia released by the enzymatic action of urease. The method compares favorably with the automated diacetyl monoxime method and employs less dangerous and less expensive reagents.

Thermal stability of metalorganic compounds on volcanic olivine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Brau ◽  
Marco Matzka ◽  
Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin ◽  
Norbert Hertkorn ◽  
Werner Ertel-Ingrisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Tube Furnace ◽  
Stability Field ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Gas Tight ◽  
Metalorganic Compounds ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

<p>Previously unknown class of metalorganic compounds revealed in meteorites [1] also found on the surfaces of silicate phases such as olivine, may have been involved in the emergence of life.  Here, the thermal stability of such organic compounds has been experimentally investigated under conditions which simulate those extant on the early Earth. We have studied olivines from the Hawaiian eruptions of 1959 and 2018. Individual mineral grains have been hand-picked to be free of secondary phases such as pyroxene or melt. We use a high temperature gas-tight tube furnace under CO-CO<sub>2</sub> gas mixture at temperatures ranging from 950°C to 1350°C and oxygen fugacity ranging from 10<sup>-12</sup> to 10<sup>-10 </sup>bar, within the stability field of olivine. The samples were contained in Pt crucibles and held for dwell times of 1 to 64 h. Quenching was performed by lifting the samples vertically out of the tube furnace. Using EPMA (electron microprobe analyzer) and RAMAN spectroscopy, we have mapped the state of the olivine samples. We observe that the composition of the individual mineral grains remains stable and homogeneous with thermal treatment. We are also investigating the role of impurities and cracks in the natural olivine and synthetic forsterite that might influence our study. The metalorganic cargo of these olivines has been analyzed using FT-ICR-MS (Fourier Transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry). Preliminary results reveal systematic changes or organic molecular composition depending on time and heat of thermal treatment whose origins will be discussed.</p><p>[1] A. Ruf, B. Kanawati, N. Hertkorn, Q. Yin, F. Moritz, M. Harir, M. Lucio, B. Michalke, J. Wimpenny, S. Shilobreeva, B. Bronsky, V. Saraykin, Z. Gabelica, R. D. Gougeon, E. Quirico, S. Ralew, T. Jakubowski,  H. Haack, M. Gonsior, P. Jenniskens, N. W. Hinman, P. Schmitt-Kopplin. (2017) Previously unknown class of metalorganic compoundsrevealed in meteorites. PNAS 114 (2017) 2819-2824.</p>

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