Effects of Meal Composition on the Postprandial Blood Pressure, Catecholamine and Insulin Changes in Elderly Subjects

1989 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Potter ◽  
D. Heseltine ◽  
G. Hartley ◽  
J. Matthews ◽  
I. A. Macdonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate

1. The effects of four meals of similar energy, but different nutritional, composition on postprandial blood pressure, heart rate, autonomic function, catecholamines, insulin and packed cell volume levels were studied in seven fit elderly subjects. 2. The high carbohydrate and high protein meals led to a significant overall fall in supine systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared either with no change or a rise after the normal (i.e. mixed) and high fat meals. Similar between-meal differences were seen with erect diastolic but not erect systolic blood pressure. No significant postural blood pressure fall occurred after any of the meals. Supine heart rate was unaffected by meal type or by time, and although erect heart rate showed a small increase during the study there was no between-meal difference. 3. Parasympathetic function was unaffected by meal type. Plasma noradrenaline rose after the high carbohydrate and mixed meals only, remaining elevated for 120 min after meal consumption. This increase was not related to the changes in blood pressure or plasma insulin levels. 4. Plasma insulin and glucose rose after the high carbohydrate and mixed meals, but were unchanged after the high protein and high fat meals. Packed cell volume showed a small decrease towards the end of the study, although there was no between-meal variation. 5. The differences in the cardiovascular changes after the different meals could not be ascribed to alterations in autonomic function, insulin release or fall in plasma volume. We propose that the postprandial changes in blood pressure are due to the nutrient composition of the meal rather than the actual energy load.

Blood Pressure, Heart Rate and Neuroendocrine Responses to a High Carbohydrate and a High Fat Meal in Healthy Young Subjects

1990 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Heseltine ◽  
J. F. Potter ◽  
G. Hartley ◽  
I. A. MacDonald ◽  
O. F. W. James
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Neuroendocrine Responses ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Fat Meal ◽  
Carbohydrate Meal

1. The responses of blood pressure, heart rate, autonomic function and plasma insulin to a high carbohydrate and a high fat meal of equivalent energy value were studied in nine young volunteers. 2. Neither meal produced a significant change in supine or erect blood pressure. The high carbohydrate meal, however, resulted in an overall rise in both supine (6 beats/min) and erect (6 beats/min; P < 0.05) heart rate, no such changes being seen after the high fat meal. 3. Plasma noradrenaline levels increased by a maximum of 126% at 90 min (0.98 to 2.22 nmol/l) after the high carbohydrate meal but were virtually unchanged after the high fat meal (P < 0.01). Parasympathetic function showed no between-meal differences. Plasma insulin and glucose levels were significantly higher after the high carbohydrate meal than after the high fat meal. No postprandial difference in packed cell volume was found between meal types. 4. We conclude that, in young subjects, the postprandial blood pressure after a high carbohydrate meal is maintained by an increase in heart rate associated with increased sympathetic nervous system activity. These changes are at variance with the blood pressure and heart rate responses seen in the elderly after a high carbohydrate meal. A high fat meal has no significant cardiovascular or neuroendocrine effects in the young or old. The nutrient composition of meals has to be taken into account when studying the postprandial cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses in the young.

Cardiovascular responses to a high-fat and a high-carbohydrate meal in healthy elderly subjects

1993 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Sidery ◽  
A. J. Cowley ◽  
I. A. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Fat Meal ◽  
Carbohydrate Meal

1. The cardiovascular responses to high-fat and high-carbohydrate meals (2.5 MJ) were compared in healthy, non-obese elderly subjects (mean age 68 years, range 63–74 years). 2. Measurements of cardiac output, blood pressure, heart rate, calf blood flow and superior mesenteric artery blood flow were made before and for 60 min after the two meals. 3. Systolic blood pressure only fell after the high-carbohydrate meal, reaching a nadir 13 mmHg below baseline values (95% confidence interval of the change, −2 to −25 mmHg). Diastolic blood pressure fell by 8 mmHg at 30 min after the high-carbohydrate meal (95% confidence interval of the change, −1 to −15 mmHg) and by 5 mmHg 45 min after the high-fat meal (95% confidence interval of the change, −1 to −8 mmHg). 4. Superior mesenteric artery blood flow rose by 70% after the high-carbohydrate meal (95% confidence interval of the change, +105 to +297 ml/min) and by 42% after the high-fat meal (95% confidence interval of the change, +35 to +256 ml/min, P <0.0001, analysis of variance). Calf blood flow reached a nadir 30 min after the high-carbohydrate meal (95% confidence interval of the change, −0.14 to −0.96ml min−1 100 ml−1) and 15min after the high-fat meal (95% confidence interval of the change, −0.1 to −0.92ml min−1 100ml−1P <0.01). There was no significant change in heart rate or cardiac output over the experimental period. 5. In elderly subjects the gut hyperaemia associated with food ingestion is not accompanied by concomitant increases in cardiac output and heart rate. This failure of cardiovascular adjustment to the vascular demands by the gut is likely to contribute to the fall in blood pressure seen in these healthy elderly subjects.

scholarly journals The hypotensive response to oral fat is comparable but slower compared with carbohydrate in healthy elderly subjects

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka Visvanathan ◽  
Michael Horowitz ◽  
Ian Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Postprandial Hypotension ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Hypotensive Response ◽  
Healthy Elderly Subjects

The objective of the present study was to determine the comparative hypotensive responses to drinks containing predominantly fat and carbohydrate (CHO) in healthy elderly subjects. Using a randomised, cross-over study, the participants, twelve elderly subjects, six of them female (72·2 (sd 5·7) years), were investigated. On three separate days, blood pressure (BP) and heart rate were measured following ingestion of 300ml drinks containing: (1) CHO (75g glucose and 93g Polyjoule (CHO polymer) providing 2732kJ (653kcal)); (2) 88% fat (cream blended with milk providing 2732kJ (653kcal)); (3) water. Systolic BP decreased following the CHO drink (P<0·001) and the high-fat drink (P<0·001) but not water; there was no difference in the magnitude of the decrease between the CHO drink and the drink containing fat (13·4v. 15·6mmHg). However, the onset of the fall was slower after the fat-containing drink (13·0v. 26·5min (P=0·01); area under the curve for 0–30min for CHO drink −6·5v. fat-containing drink 125·4 mmHg×min (P=0·043)). We conclude that ingestion of a high-fat drink results in a comparable fall in BP to a CHO drink although the onset is relatively slower. These observations may have implications for the management of postprandial hypotension.

Campodimele Study: Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Pattern in Clinically Healthy Elderly Subjects

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 381-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Cugini ◽  
G. Leone ◽  
P. Lucia ◽  
F. A. Sepe ◽  
A. Pelosio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Heart Rate Pattern ◽  
Healthy Elderly Subjects

Post Prandial Blood Pressure Changes Following High Fat and High Carbohydrate Meals in Young and Elderly Persons

1989 ◽  
Vol 77 (s21) ◽  
pp. 12P-12P
Author(s):  
JF Potter ◽  
D Heseltine ◽  
OFW James
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Pressure Changes
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