Post Prandial Blood Pressure Changes Following High Fat and High Carbohydrate Meals in Young and Elderly Persons

1989 ◽  
Vol 77 (s21) ◽  
pp. 12P-12P
Author(s):  
JF Potter ◽  
D Heseltine ◽  
OFW James
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Pressure Changes

Blood Pressure, Heart Rate and Neuroendocrine Responses to a High Carbohydrate and a High Fat Meal in Healthy Young Subjects

1990 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Heseltine ◽  
J. F. Potter ◽  
G. Hartley ◽  
I. A. MacDonald ◽  
O. F. W. James
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Neuroendocrine Responses ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Fat Meal ◽  
Carbohydrate Meal

1. The responses of blood pressure, heart rate, autonomic function and plasma insulin to a high carbohydrate and a high fat meal of equivalent energy value were studied in nine young volunteers. 2. Neither meal produced a significant change in supine or erect blood pressure. The high carbohydrate meal, however, resulted in an overall rise in both supine (6 beats/min) and erect (6 beats/min; P < 0.05) heart rate, no such changes being seen after the high fat meal. 3. Plasma noradrenaline levels increased by a maximum of 126% at 90 min (0.98 to 2.22 nmol/l) after the high carbohydrate meal but were virtually unchanged after the high fat meal (P < 0.01). Parasympathetic function showed no between-meal differences. Plasma insulin and glucose levels were significantly higher after the high carbohydrate meal than after the high fat meal. No postprandial difference in packed cell volume was found between meal types. 4. We conclude that, in young subjects, the postprandial blood pressure after a high carbohydrate meal is maintained by an increase in heart rate associated with increased sympathetic nervous system activity. These changes are at variance with the blood pressure and heart rate responses seen in the elderly after a high carbohydrate meal. A high fat meal has no significant cardiovascular or neuroendocrine effects in the young or old. The nutrient composition of meals has to be taken into account when studying the postprandial cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses in the young.

Effects of Meal Composition on the Postprandial Blood Pressure, Catecholamine and Insulin Changes in Elderly Subjects

1989 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Potter ◽  
D. Heseltine ◽  
G. Hartley ◽  
J. Matthews ◽  
I. A. Macdonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate

1. The effects of four meals of similar energy, but different nutritional, composition on postprandial blood pressure, heart rate, autonomic function, catecholamines, insulin and packed cell volume levels were studied in seven fit elderly subjects. 2. The high carbohydrate and high protein meals led to a significant overall fall in supine systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared either with no change or a rise after the normal (i.e. mixed) and high fat meals. Similar between-meal differences were seen with erect diastolic but not erect systolic blood pressure. No significant postural blood pressure fall occurred after any of the meals. Supine heart rate was unaffected by meal type or by time, and although erect heart rate showed a small increase during the study there was no between-meal difference. 3. Parasympathetic function was unaffected by meal type. Plasma noradrenaline rose after the high carbohydrate and mixed meals only, remaining elevated for 120 min after meal consumption. This increase was not related to the changes in blood pressure or plasma insulin levels. 4. Plasma insulin and glucose rose after the high carbohydrate and mixed meals, but were unchanged after the high protein and high fat meals. Packed cell volume showed a small decrease towards the end of the study, although there was no between-meal variation. 5. The differences in the cardiovascular changes after the different meals could not be ascribed to alterations in autonomic function, insulin release or fall in plasma volume. We propose that the postprandial changes in blood pressure are due to the nutrient composition of the meal rather than the actual energy load.

Cardiovascular responses to a high-fat and a high-carbohydrate meal in healthy elderly subjects

1993 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Sidery ◽  
A. J. Cowley ◽  
I. A. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Fat Meal ◽  
Carbohydrate Meal

1. The cardiovascular responses to high-fat and high-carbohydrate meals (2.5 MJ) were compared in healthy, non-obese elderly subjects (mean age 68 years, range 63–74 years). 2. Measurements of cardiac output, blood pressure, heart rate, calf blood flow and superior mesenteric artery blood flow were made before and for 60 min after the two meals. 3. Systolic blood pressure only fell after the high-carbohydrate meal, reaching a nadir 13 mmHg below baseline values (95% confidence interval of the change, −2 to −25 mmHg). Diastolic blood pressure fell by 8 mmHg at 30 min after the high-carbohydrate meal (95% confidence interval of the change, −1 to −15 mmHg) and by 5 mmHg 45 min after the high-fat meal (95% confidence interval of the change, −1 to −8 mmHg). 4. Superior mesenteric artery blood flow rose by 70% after the high-carbohydrate meal (95% confidence interval of the change, +105 to +297 ml/min) and by 42% after the high-fat meal (95% confidence interval of the change, +35 to +256 ml/min, P <0.0001, analysis of variance). Calf blood flow reached a nadir 30 min after the high-carbohydrate meal (95% confidence interval of the change, −0.14 to −0.96ml min−1 100 ml−1) and 15min after the high-fat meal (95% confidence interval of the change, −0.1 to −0.92ml min−1 100ml−1P <0.01). There was no significant change in heart rate or cardiac output over the experimental period. 5. In elderly subjects the gut hyperaemia associated with food ingestion is not accompanied by concomitant increases in cardiac output and heart rate. This failure of cardiovascular adjustment to the vascular demands by the gut is likely to contribute to the fall in blood pressure seen in these healthy elderly subjects.

scholarly journals High carbohydrate high fat diet induces the production of connective tissue growth factors, increased blood pressure, and changes in the aortic wall in aged rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Naryzhnaya ◽  
Boris Kurbatov ◽  
Alexander Gorbunov ◽  
Ivan Derkachev ◽  
Sergey Logvinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate

The Effects of a Modified High-carbohydrate High-fat Diet on Metabolic Syndrome Parameters in Male Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (04) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sok Wong ◽  
Kok-Yong Chin ◽  
Farihah Suhaimi ◽  
Fairus Ahmad ◽  
Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Southeast Asians ◽  
High Carbohydrate

AbstractMetabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities including central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. A previous study has established that high-carbohydrate high-fat diet (HCHF) can induce MetS in rats. In this study, we modified components of the diet so that it resembled the diet of Southeast Asians. This study aimed to determine the effects of this modified HCHF diet on metabolic parameters in rats. Male Wistar rats (n=14) were randomised into two groups. The normal group was given standard rat chow. The MetS group was given the HCHF diet, comprises of fructose, sweetened condensed milk, ghee, Hubble Mendel and Wakeman salt mixture, and powdered rat food. The diet regimen was assigned for a period of 16 weeks. Metabolic syndrome parameters (abdominal circumference, blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid profile) were measured at week 0, 8, 12, and 16 of the study. The measurement of whole body composition (fat mass, lean mass, and percentage of fat) was performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at week 0, 8, and 16. Our results indicated that the components of MetS were partially developed after 8 weeks of HCHF diet. Systolic blood pressure, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, fat content, and percentage of fat was significantly higher in the HCHF group compared to normal group (p<0.05). After 12 weeks of HCHF diet, the rats showed significant increases in abdominal circumference, blood pressure, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia compared to normal control (p<0.05). In conclusion, MetS is successfully established in male rats induced by the modified HCHF diet after 12 weeks.

Effect of a Physiological Insulin Infusion on the Cardiovascular Responses to a High Fat Meal: Evidence Supporting a Role for Insulin in Modulating Postprandial Cardiovascular Homoeostasis in Man

1996 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Kearney ◽  
A. J. Cowley ◽  
T. A. Stubbs ◽  
I. A. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Systemic Vascular Resistance ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Meal Ingestion ◽  
Fat Meal

1. While the haemodynamic adjustments occurring after meal ingestion and the different effects of meals of different composition on these changes are well established, the mechanisms underlying these changes are less clear. Insulin, which has been shown to be both a positive inotrope and to stimulate vasodilatation in the skeletal muscle vascular bed, may account for the different cardiac and regional haemodynamic responses to high fat and high carbohydrate meals. 2. This study assessed the effect of an insulin infusion reproducing the plasma insulin profile seen after a high carbohydrate meal on the cardiovascular and regional haemodynamic response to a high fat meal. All measurements were carried out non-invasively in nine healthy lean subjects (mean age 24.5 ± 1.3 years). 3. The high fat meal resulted in increases in cardiac output (0.7 ± 0.321/min, P < 0.001), heart rate (7.8 ± 2.1 beats/min, P < 0.001) and insulin (25.1 ± 4.2 m-units/l, P < 0.001), and a decline in systemic vascular resistance (−1.9 ± 0.9 units, P < 0.05) and superior mesenteric artery vascular resistance (− 45 ± 9 units, P < 0.01). After the high fat meal alone, calf vascular resistance and blood pressure did not change. After the high fat meal accompanied by insulin (peak insulin 86.1 ± 10.1 m-units/l) there were greater cardiac responses [(P < 0.001); cardiac output, 1.17 ± 0.361/min, and heart rate, 13.4 ± 2.1 beats-/min], and a larger fall in systemic vascular resistance and superior mesenteric artery vascular resistance. Unlike the high fat meal alone, the high fat meal with insulin was accompanied by a fall in calf vascular resistance (8.3 ± 3.3 units) and blood pressure (3.8 ± 1.6 mmHg). 4. The results of this study support a role for insulin in modulating postprandial cardiovascular homoeostasis; in particular, by its depressor action on skeletal muscle vasculature, insulin may in part contribute to the fall in blood pressure seen in the elderly, who have an inadequate cardiac response to the fall in systemic vascular resistance occurring after meal ingestion.

Central and Peripheral Haemodynamic Responses to High Carbohydrate and High Fat Meals in Human Cardiac Transplant Recipients

1996 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 473-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Kearney ◽  
A. J. Cowley ◽  
T. A. Stubbs ◽  
A. J. Perry ◽  
I. A. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Cardiac Transplant ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Maximal Increase ◽  
Cardiac Denervation ◽  
Output Response ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Fat Meal

1. Patients with autonomic dysfunction and elderly people with an age-related decline in autonomic function can suffer from a fall in blood pressure after eating. While the cardiovascular changes after eating and the effect of meal composition on these changes are well established, the underlying mechanisms are less clear. 2. This study assessed the cardiac, circulatory and humoral responses to ingestion of isoenergetic (2.5 MJ) high carbohydrate and high fat meals in nine orthotopic cardiac transplant recipients, who before transplantation had significant circulatory, metabolic and autonomic abnormalities and after transplantation had complete or partial extrinsic cardiac denervation, and compared them to the responses seen in nine healthy age-matched control subjects. 3. All variables were measured non-invasively. Cardiac transplant recipients, despite cardiac denervation, showed a normal heart rate response to high carbohydrate and high fat meals (maximal increase at 30 min postprandially +7.8 ± 1.1 and +6.3 ± 1.4 beats/min respectively), a normal cardiac output response to the high carbohydrate meal (maximal increase at 30 min +1.16 ± 0.25 l/min), but a significantly attenuated cardiac output response to the high fat meal. Cardiac transplant recipients had attenuated superior mesenteric artery blood flow responses after both meals (P < 0.05) and an attenuated calf vascular resistance response after the high fat meal (P < 0.01). Throughout the study after both meals, cardiac transplant recipients maintained blood pressure. 4. This study demonstrates that cardiac transplant recipients, despite partial or complete cardiac denervation, have a normal chronotropic response to food and a normal cardiac output response to a high carbohydrate meal. The attenuated cardiac output response to a high fat meal did not compromise blood pressure, due at least in part to decreased splanchnic vasodilatation.

Heart Rate Signal Decomposition

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (02) ◽  
pp. 200-203
Author(s):  
H. Mizuta ◽  
K. Yana
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Signal Decomposition ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Heart Rate Fluctuations ◽  
Type Pattern ◽  
Signal Cancellation ◽  
Pressure Changes

Abstract:This paper proposes a method for decomposing heart rate fluctuations into background, respiratory and blood pressure oriented fluctuations. A signal cancellation scheme using the adaptive RLS algorithm has been introduced for canceling respiration and blood pressure oriented changes in the heart rate fluctuations. The computer simulation confirmed the validity of the proposed method. Then, heart rate fluctuations, instantaneous lung volume and blood pressure changes are simultaneously recorded from eight normal subjects aged 20-24 years. It was shown that after signal decomposition, the power spectrum of the heart rate showed a consistent monotonic 1/fa type pattern. The proposed method enables a clear interpretation of heart rate spectrum removing uncertain large individual variations due to the respiration and blood pressure change.

723-P: Effect of Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat vs. High-Carbohydrate Low-Fat Diet on HbA1c Control in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 723-P
Author(s):  
LINGWANG AN ◽  
DANDAN WANG ◽  
XIAORONG SHI ◽  
CHENHUI LIU ◽  
KUEICHUN YEH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Hba1c Control
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