scholarly journals Effects of Age and Syntactic Complexity on Speech Motor Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 2142-2151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Dromey ◽  
Kelsey Boyce ◽  
Ron Channell
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Speech Motor Control ◽  
Syntactic Complexity ◽  
Linguistic Complexity ◽  
Articulatory Movement ◽  
Vocal Intensity ◽  
Grammatical Complexity ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Speech Motor

Purpose This study investigated the effect of age on articulatory movement and stability in young, middle-age, and older adults. It also examined the potential influence of linguistic complexity on speech motor control across utterances that differed in their length and grammatical complexity. Method There were 60 participants in 3 age groups: 20–30 years, 40–50 years, and 60–70 years, with equal numbers of men and women in each group. The speakers produced 10 repetitions of 5 different stimuli—each of which included the same bilabial-loaded phrase in different grammatical contexts—while their lip movements were recorded. Results Participants from the 60-year-old group had significantly longer utterance durations, whereas those from the 20-year-old group had the highest jaw spatiotemporal index (STI) values. There were significant differences in the upper lip STI, displacement, and velocity as well as in vocal intensity for the longer, complex conditions compared with the shorter, phrase-only task. Overall, the differences in performance were minimal across grammatical complexity levels that were equal in length. Conclusion These findings suggest that speech motor control matures beyond young adulthood and that linguistic complexity in a repetitive task does not appear to have a consistent effect on measures of speech movement.

scholarly journals The Physiologic Development of Speech Motor Control

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan R. Green ◽  
Christopher A. Moore ◽  
Masahiko Higashikawa ◽  
Roger W. Steeve
Keyword(s):  
Motor Development ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Speech Motor Control ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Potential Influence ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Articulatory Movement ◽  
Movement Tracking ◽  
Speech Motor

This investigation was designed to describe the development of lip and jaw coordination during speech and to evaluate the potential influence of speech motor development on phonologic development. Productions of syllables containing bilabial consonants were observed from speakers in four age groups (i.e., 1-year-olds, 2-year-olds, 6-year-olds, and young adults). A video-based movement tracking system was used to transduce movement of the upper lip, lower lip, and jaw. The coordinative organization of these articulatory gestures was shown to change dramatically during the first several years of life and to continue to undergo refinement past age 6. The present results are consistent with three primary phases in the development of lip and jaw coordination for speech: integration, differentiation, and refinement. Each of these developmental processes entails the existence of distinct coordinative constraints on early articulatory movement. It is suggested that these constraints will have predictable consequences for the sequence of phonologic development.

Physiologic Studies Provide New Perspectives on Early Speech Development

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Erin M. Wilson ◽  
Ignatius S. B. Nip
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Motion Tracking ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Speech Motor Control ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Facial Motion ◽  
Disordered Speech ◽  
Speech Motor ◽  
Physiologic Data

Abstract Although certain speech development milestones are readily observable, the developmental course of speech motor control is largely unknown. However, recent advances in facial motion tracking systems have been used to investigate articulator movements in children and the findings from these studies are being used to further our understanding of the physiologic basis of typical and disordered speech development. Physiologic work has revealed that the emergence of speech is highly dependent on the lack of flexibility in the early oromotor system. It also has been determined that the progression of speech motor development is non-linear, a finding that has motivated researchers to investigate how variables such as oromotor control, cognition, and linguistic factors affect speech development in the form of catalysts and constraints. Physiologic data are also being used to determine if non-speech oromotor behaviors play a role in the development of speech. This improved understanding of the physiology underlying speech, as well as the factors influencing its progression, helps inform our understanding of speech motor control in children with disordered speech and provide a framework for theory-driven therapeutic approaches to treatment.

Goal-based speech motor control: A theoretical framework and some preliminary data

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph S. Perkell ◽  
Melanie L. Matthies ◽  
Mario A. Svirsky ◽  
Michael I. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Speech Motor Control ◽  
Speech Motor

scholarly journals Consistency influences altered auditory feedback processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 2371-2379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias K Franken ◽  
Daniel J Acheson ◽  
James M McQueen ◽  
Peter Hagoort ◽  
Frank Eisner
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Speech Motor Control ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Feedback Processing ◽  
Motor Commands ◽  
Consistent Condition ◽  
Consistency Effect ◽  
Speech Motor

Previous research on the effect of perturbed auditory feedback in speech production has focused on two types of responses. In the short term, speakers generate compensatory motor commands in response to unexpected perturbations. In the longer term, speakers adapt feedforward motor programmes in response to feedback perturbations, to avoid future errors. The current study investigated the relation between these two types of responses to altered auditory feedback. Specifically, it was hypothesised that consistency in previous feedback perturbations would influence whether speakers adapt their feedforward motor programmes. In an altered auditory feedback paradigm, formant perturbations were applied either across all trials (the consistent condition) or only to some trials, whereas the others remained unperturbed (the inconsistent condition). The results showed that speakers’ responses were affected by feedback consistency, with stronger speech changes in the consistent condition compared with the inconsistent condition. Current models of speech-motor control can explain this consistency effect. However, the data also suggest that compensation and adaptation are distinct processes, which are not in line with all current models.

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