Five Reasons Why Nonspeech Oral Motor Exercises (NSOME) Do Not Work

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Lof ◽  
Maggie Watson
Keyword(s):  
Sound Production ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Motor Speech ◽  
Therapeutic Technique ◽  
Oral Motor ◽  
Oral Motor Exercises ◽  
Children's Speech ◽  
Production Problems

Abstract Nonspeech oral motor exercises (NSOME) are used often by speech-language pathologists to help children improve their speech sound productions. However, the phonology, articulation, and motor speech development and disorders literature does not support their use. This article presents five reasons (four theoretical, one empirical) why NSOME are not an appropriate therapeutic technique for treating children's speech sound production problems.

scholarly journals The Correlation Between Non-Speech Oral Motor Exercises (NSOME) and Speech Production in Childhood Apraxia of Speech Treatment. A Wide Clinical Retrospective Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3sup1) ◽  
pp. 98-113
Author(s):  
Elad Vashdi ◽  
◽  
Amit Avramov ◽  
Špela Falatov ◽  
Huang Yi-Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Production ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Childhood Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Motor Speech ◽  
Oral Motor ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Tongue Movements ◽  
Oral Motor Exercises

Purpose: The use of Non speech Oral Motor Exercises (NSOME) for motor speech sounds disorder treatment has been discussed in the literature in the last three decades, with most of the research presenting poor results for using NSOME. The purpose of this article was to add evidence related to that debate and show the correlations between NSOME and sound production among children diagnosed with Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS). Another goal is to clarify the misuse of the term in clinical settings and literature, while presenting solutions to the debate. Method: 256 VML entry evaluations and 89 long term treatment processes were analysed retrospectively. The correlations between Single Sound Pronunciation (SSP) and NSOME variables (i.e. blowing, oral motor imitation and tongue movements) were calculated using the entry evaluation group, as well as the correlations between the changes in SSP and NSOME variables using the long-term group. Results: High correlations were found between NSOME variables and SSP in both groups tested. Conclusions: The results confirmed the relationship between oral motor skills and sound production. Theoretical explanations and practical implications are further discussed.

A Survey of the Usage of Nonspeech Oral Motor Exercises by Speech and Language Therapists in the Republic of Ireland

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-40
Author(s):  
Alice Lee ◽  
Niamh Moore
Keyword(s):  
Speech Sound ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Speech Sound Disorders ◽  
Childhood Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Oral Motor ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Oral Motor Exercises

Objective: To collect information on the usage of nonspeech oral motor exercises (NSOMEs) by speech and language therapists (SLTs) for treating speech sound disorders (SSDs) in children in the Republic of Ireland. Method: SLTs who had worked with children with SSDs were invited to complete an online questionnaire adapted from a previous survey conducted in the US by Lof and Watson (2008). Main results:: 22/39 (56%) of the respondents reported using NSOMEs. Information from a colleague about the usefulness of NSOMEs, continuing education, and literature influenced the respondents the most to use NSOMEs. Most respondents used NSOMEs as a “warm up”, mainly with children with childhood apraxia of speech, dysarthria, and Down Syndrome. Conclusion: NSOMEs are used by over half of the respondents despite the lack of evidence that supports this treatment approach. Continuous effort to encourage the application of evidence-based practice in clinics is warranted.

scholarly journals Speech Sound Production in 2-Year-Olds Who Are Hard of Hearing

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie E. Ambrose ◽  
Lauren M. Unflat Berry ◽  
Elizabeth A. Walker ◽  
Melody Harrison ◽  
Jacob Oleson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Linguistic Variables ◽  
Vowel Production ◽  
Severe Hearing Loss ◽  
Children's Speech

Purpose The purpose of the study was to (a) compare the speech sound production abilities of 2-year-old children who are hard of hearing (HH) to children with normal hearing (NH), (b) identify sources of risk for individual children who are HH, and (c) determine whether speech sound production skills at age 2 were predictive of speech sound production skills at age 3. Method Seventy children with bilateral, mild-to-severe hearing loss who use hearing aids and 37 age- and socioeconomic status–matched children with NH participated. Children's speech sound production abilities were assessed at 2 and 3 years of age. Results At age 2, the HH group demonstrated vowel production abilities on par with their NH peers but weaker consonant production abilities. Within the HH group, better outcomes were associated with hearing aid fittings by 6 months of age, hearing loss of less than 45 dB HL, stronger vocabulary scores, and being female. Positive relationships existed between children's speech sound production abilities at 2 and 3 years of age. Conclusion Assessment of early speech sound production abilities in combination with demographic, audiologic, and linguistic variables may be useful in identifying HH children who are at risk for delays in speech sound production.

scholarly journals Exploring the Overlap Between Dyslexia and Speech Sound Production Deficits

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 774-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn L. Cabbage ◽  
Kelly Farquharson ◽  
Jenya Iuzzini-Seigel ◽  
Jennifer Zuk ◽  
Tiffany P. Hogan
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Speech Sound Disorder ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
History Of ◽  
Production Errors

Purpose Children with dyslexia have speech production deficits in a variety of spoken language contexts. In this article, we discuss the nature of speech production errors in children with dyslexia, including those who have a history of speech sound disorder and those who do not, to familiarize speech-language pathologists with speech production–specific risk factors that may help predict or identify dyslexia in young children. Method In this tutorial, we discuss the role of a phonological deficit in children with dyslexia and how this may manifest as speech production errors, sometimes in conjunction with a speech sound disorder but sometimes not. We also briefly review other factors outside the realm of phonology that may alert the speech-language pathologist to possible dyslexia. Results Speech-language pathologists possess unique knowledge that directly contributes to the identification and remediation of children with dyslexia. We present several clinical recommendations related to speech production deficits in children with dyslexia. We also review what is known about how and when children with speech sound disorder are most at risk for dyslexia. Conclusion Speech-language pathologists have a unique opportunity to assist in the identification of young children who are at risk for dyslexia.

A Survey of Speech Sound Productions in Children With Visual Impairments

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-219
Author(s):  
Monica Gordon-Pershey ◽  
Shannon Zeszut ◽  
Kyle Brouwer
Keyword(s):  
Sound Production ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Medical Diagnoses ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Speech Characteristics ◽  
Developmental Conditions ◽  
Production Errors ◽  
Children With Visual Impairments

This survey addressed a twofold need: first, research into speech sound productions in children with visual impairments and, second, evidence upon which speech-language pathologists might base interventions for children with visual impairments. Fifteen speech-language pathologists responded to a survey about speech sound productions in caseload children with visual impairments. Respondents reported the speech characteristics of 46 children, their coexisting medical diagnoses and developmental conditions, the nature of their visual impairments, and therapy approaches used. Children and teens with visual impairments demonstrated speech sound production errors. It is not conclusive that errors resulted from having visual impairments. Respondents reported effective speech treatment techniques. This study contributes a detailed report of speech sound productions in children who, despite a diversity of coexisting diagnoses, had visual impairment in common. Findings provide a point of reference regarding speech sound productions in children with visual impairments, as well as efficacious treatments.

Initial voicing contrast acquisition in normal and phonologically disordered children

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann A. Tyler ◽  
John H. Saxman
Keyword(s):  
Sound Production ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Linguistic Change ◽  
Voicing Contrast ◽  
Children's Speech

ABSTRACTSpeech sound production changes that occurred during acquisition of the initial voicing contrast induced through treatment in phonologically disordered children were compared to those that occurred during normal acquisition of the contrast. Target stop productions from three normally developing children and six phonologically disordered children were analyzed acoustically along the temporal measure of VOT. The phonologically disordered subjects displayed different patterns of voicing contrast acquisition, none of which replicated the normally developing children's pattern. The phonologically disordered children's patterns of acquisition were characterized by larger and more variable VOT values in comparison to those of the normally developing children. Different patterns of voicing contrast acquisition observed in VOTs are discussed with regard to the nature of linguistic change and the source of breakdown in children's speech sound errors.

Psychometric Characteristics of Single-Word Tests of Children's Speech Sound Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Flipsen ◽  
Diane A. Ogiela
Keyword(s):  
Sound Production ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Test Construction ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Psychometric Characteristics ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Selection Decisions ◽  
Children's Speech

Purpose Our understanding of test construction has improved since the now-classic review by McCauley and Swisher (1984). The current review article examines the psychometric characteristics of current single-word tests of speech sound production in an attempt to determine whether our tests have improved since then. It also provides a resource that clinicians may use to help them make test selection decisions for their particular client populations. Method Ten tests published since 1990 were reviewed to determine whether they met the 10 criteria set out by McCauley and Swisher (1984), as well as 7 additional criteria. Results All of the tests reviewed met at least 3 of McCauley and Swisher's (1984) original criteria, and 9 of 10 tests met at least 5 of them. Most of the tests met some of the additional criteria as well. Conclusions The state of the art for single-word tests of speech sound production in children appears to have improved in the last 30 years. There remains, however, room for improvement.

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