Gene vanXYC encodes d,d -dipeptidase (VanX) and d,d-carboxypeptidase (VanY) activities in vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus gallinarum BM4174

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter E. Reynolds ◽  
Cesar A. Arias ◽  
Patrice Courvalin
Keyword(s):  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Enterococcus Gallinarum

scholarly journals Bacteraemia associated with a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus gallinarum strain harbouring both the vanA and vanC1 genes

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vânia Lúcia Carreira Merquior ◽  
Felipe Piedade Gonçalves Neves ◽  
Rachel Leite Ribeiro ◽  
Rafael Silva Duarte ◽  
Elizabeth de Andrade Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Surgical Patient ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
First Report ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Enterococcus Gallinarum ◽  
High Level

A case of a post-surgical patient who developed a fatal bloodstream infection caused by high-level vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus gallinarum is reported. The isolate was found to carry both the vanC1 and vanA genes. This is the first report of an invasive infection associated with a vanA E. gallinarum isolate in Brazil.

scholarly journals Analysis of peptidoglycan precursors in vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus gallinarum BM4174

1994 ◽  
Vol 301 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
P E Reynolds ◽  
H A Snaith ◽  
A J Maguire ◽  
S Dutka-Malen ◽  
P Courvalin
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Peptidase Activity ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
Peptidoglycan Synthesis ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Enterococcus Gallinarum ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Altered Pathway

Vancomycin resistance in enterococci is an increasing clinical problem, and several phenotypes have been identified. We demonstrate here that the resistance mechanism in the constitutively vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus gallinarum BM4174 involves an altered pathway of peptidoglycan synthesis and hydrolysis of the normal precursors in the vancomycin-sensitive pathway. A ligase encoded by the vanC gene catalyses synthesis of D-Ala-D-Ser and substitutes this dipeptide for D-Ala-D-Ala in peptidoglycan precursors. It is presumed that this substitution lowers the affinity of vancomycin for its target site. Destruction of D-Ala-D-Ala (D,D-peptidase activity) and of UDP-MurNAc-L-Ala-D-isoGlu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala by removal of the terminal D-Ala residue (D,D-carboxypeptidase activity) ensures that the normal vancomycin-sensitive pathway of peptidoglycan synthesis cannot function in the resistant strain.

Characterization and modelling of VanT: a novel, membrane-bound, serine racemase from vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus gallinarum BM4174

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1653-1664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar A. Arias ◽  
Mercedes Martin-Martinez ◽  
Tom L. Blundell ◽  
Michel Arthur ◽  
Patrice Courvalin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serine Racemase ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Enterococcus Gallinarum

scholarly journals Screening of Stool Samples for Identification of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus Isolates Should Include the Methyl-α-dGlucopyranoside Test To Differentiate Nonmotile Enterococcus gallinarum from E. faecium

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 2333-2335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Y. Turenne ◽  
Daryl J. Hoban ◽  
James A. Karlowsky ◽  
George G. Zhanel ◽  
Amin M. Kabani
Keyword(s):  
16S Rdna ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Surveillance Study ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Enterococcus Gallinarum

The methyl-α-d-glucopyranoside (MDG) test has been shown to be superior to motility testing in differentiatingEnterococcus faecium from E. gallinarum. In the present study, 33 vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) isolates collected as part of a stool surveillance study were compared by using motility and MDG. Motility testing identified all 33 isolates asE. faecium, whereas MDG identified 11 of the 33 isolates as nonmotile E. gallinarum. The MDG results were confirmed by sequencing the 16S rDNA V6-to-V8 region. We conclude that the MDG test is a necessary component of routine VRE screening.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of the vanE Gene Cluster in Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis N00-410 Isolated in Canada

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1977-1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Boyd ◽  
T. Cabral ◽  
P. Van Caeseele ◽  
J. Wylie ◽  
M. R. Mulvey
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Significant Homology ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Enterococcus Gallinarum

ABSTRACT The vanE operon was characterized from Enterococcus faecalis N00-410 (MIC of vancomycin = 24 μg/ml). The organization of the vanE operon was identical to that of the vanC1 operon from Enterococcus gallinarum, with protein identities ranging from 46 to 63%. An open reading frame located downstream of the vanE operon showed significant homology to a number of integrase genes, all of which are located downstream of the chromosomal GMP synthase gene guaA.

GASTROINTESTINAL COLONISATION OF VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS IN A SINGAPORE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Pathology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-221
Author(s):  
Lynette L. E. Oon ◽  
Moi-Lin Ling ◽  
Yoke-Fong Chiew
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant
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