Population-based assessment of refractive error in India: the Andhra Pradesh eye disease study

PurposeTo evaluate posterior eye shape variations across a wide refractive error range using brain MRI in a multiethnic cohort.MethodsAdult subjects in the multiethnic Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Disease study were included. Spherical equivalent (SE) was measured using subjective refraction, and axial length (AL) was measured using optical biometry. MRI was performed using a 3-Tesla whole body scanner with a 32-channel head coil. The radii and asphericity based on fitting of the posterior two-thirds of the eye (240°) were calculated. The refractive error status was categorised as myopic (SE<−0.5 D) or non-myopic (SE≥−0.5 D).ResultsA total of 450 adult participants (mean age 64.2±6.5 years old) were included. Less oblate asphericity was associated with more myopic SE, longer AL and with a refractive error categorisation of myopia (p<0.001 for all). Asphericity values were less oblate in myopic compared with non-myopic eyes (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that Chinese subjects had less oblate eyes than Malay and Indian subjects, especially in non-myopic eyes.ConclusionsA less oblate posterior eye shape was associated with myopic eyes. Chinese eyes have less oblate shapes than Malay and Indian eyes, especially in non-myopic eyes.

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Prevalence of amblyopia and its association with refraction in Chinese preschool children aged 36–48 months

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjophthalmol-2016-310083 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 102 (6) ◽

pp. 767-771 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Dan Huang ◽

Xuejuan Chen ◽

Hui Zhu ◽

Hui Ding ◽

Jing Bai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Preschool Children ◽

Eastern China ◽

Population Based ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Refractive Errors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Disease Study

PurposeTo determine the prevalence of amblyopia and its association with refraction in Chinese preschool children.MethodsThe Yuhuatai Pediatric Eye Disease Study, a cross-sectional, population-based study, was conducted in children aged 36–48 months in Yuhuatai District, Nanjing, China, in 2015. Visual acuity was measured in 1695 eligible children.ResultsOf the 1695 subjects, manifested amblyopia was detected in 25 children (1.47%, 95% CI 0.90% to 2.05%), including 11 and 14 with bilateral and unilateral amblyopia, respectively. Amblyopia prevalence did not differ by gender (p=0.77). Significant refractive errors were found in 22 (88.0%) of children with amblyopia, and strabismus was found in 6 (24.0%) children with amblyopia. In multivariate analysis, amblyopia was significantly associated with hyperopia (≥+2.00 dioptres (D); OR 8.81, 95% CI 3.27 to 23.69, p<0.0001), astigmatism (≥2.00 D; OR 17.90, 95% CI 6.78 to 47.21, p<0.0001) and anisometropia (≥2.00 D; OR 5.87, 95% CI 1.52 to 22.77, p<0.05).ConclusionsThe prevalence of amblyopia in children 36–48 months old in Eastern China was 1.47%. The refractive error is a major risk factor for amblyopia.

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