scholarly journals Effect of subthalamic nucleus or entopeduncular nucleus lesion on levodopa-induced neurochemical changes within the basal ganglia and on levodopa-induced motor alterations in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 1328-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Périer ◽  
Concepció Marin ◽  
Anna Jimenez ◽  
Mercè Bonastre ◽  
Eduardo Tolosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Entopeduncular Nucleus ◽  
Neurochemical Changes ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine ◽  
Motor Alterations

Effect of subthalamic nucleus lesions in a 6-hydroxydopamine–induced rat parkinsonian model: behavioral and biochemical studies

2006 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Sup Hwang ◽  
Insop Shim ◽  
Bom Bee Lee ◽  
Jin Woo Chang
Keyword(s):  
Kainic Acid ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Tissue Dissection ◽  
Neurochemical Changes ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine ◽  
Behavioral Improvement ◽  
Globus Pallidus Externus

Object The purpose of this study was to determine whether subthalamic nucleus (STN) ablation caused by kainic acid can restore dopaminergic neurotransmission and improve motor deficits in a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)–induced hemiparkinsonian model. Methods The authors investigated behavioral changes in rats displaying parkinsonian symptoms (6-OHDA–lesioned rats) after an STN lesion was created using kainic acid. They also measured levels of dopamine and its metabolites following tissue dissection. The results of this study showed that STN ablation led to behavioral improvement in parkinsonian motor deficits. Increased levels of dopamine were also observed in the striatum and globus pallidus externus (GPE). Conclusions The results indicate that creation of an STN lesion in this hemiparkinsonian rat model may counteract some of the neurochemical changes within the striatum and GPE caused by the 6-OHDA, and influence striatal dopaminergic metabolism.

Impaired glutamatergic projection from the motor cortex to the subthalamic nucleus in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned hemi-parkinsonian rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 300 ◽  
pp. 135-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Yan Wang ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Hai-Fei Jiang ◽  
Jun-Hua Liu ◽  
Jun Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Neuronal Activity of the Human Subthalamic Nucleus in the Parkinsonian and Nonparkinsonian State

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 2515-2524 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Steigerwald ◽  
M. Pötter ◽  
J. Herzog ◽  
M. Pinsker ◽  
F. Kopper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Essential Tremor ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Single Units ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Spectral Peaks ◽  
Time Changes

We recorded resting-state neuronal activity from the human subthalamic nucleus (STN) during functional stereotactic surgeries. By inserting up to five parallel microelectrodes for single- or multiunit recordings and applying statistical spike-sorting methods, we were able to isolate a total of 351 single units in 65 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 33 single units in 9 patients suffering from essential tremor (ET). Among these were 93 pairs of simultaneously recorded neurons in PD and 17 in ET, which were detected either by the same ( n = 30) or neighboring microelectrodes ( n = 80). Essential tremor is a movement disorder without any known basal ganglia pathology and with normal dopaminergic brain function. By comparing the neuronal activity of the STN in patients suffering from PD and ET we intended to characterize, for the first time, changes of basal ganglia activity in the human disease state that had previously been described in animal models of Parkinson's disease. We found a significant increase in the mean firing rate of STN neurons in PD and a relatively larger fraction of neurons exhibiting burstlike activity compared with ET. The overall proportion of neurons exhibiting intrinsic oscillations or interneuronal synchronization as defined by significant spectral peaks in the auto- or cross-correlations functions did not differ between PD and ET when considering the entire frequency range of 1–100 Hz. The distribution of significant oscillations across the theta (1–8 Hz), alpha (8–12 Hz), beta (12–35 Hz), and gamma band (>35 Hz), however, was uneven in ET and PD, as indicated by a trend in Fisher's exact test ( P = 0.05). Oscillations and pairwise synchronizations within the 12- to 35-Hz band were a unique feature of PD. Our results confirm the predictions of the rate model of Parkinson's disease. In addition, they emphasize abnormalities in the patterning and dynamics of neuronal discharges in the parkinsonian STN, which support current concepts of abnormal motor loop oscillations in Parkinson's disease.

scholarly journals A selective projection from the subthalamic nucleus to parvalbumin-expressing interneurons of the striatum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnakanth Kondabolu ◽  
Natalie M. Doig ◽  
Olaoluwa Ayeko ◽  
Bakhtawer Khan ◽  
Alexandra Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Striatal Neurons ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
Cholinergic Interneurons ◽  
Axonal Connections ◽  
Excitatory Responses

AbstractThe striatum and subthalamic nucleus (STN) are considered to be the primary input nuclei of the basal ganglia. Projection neurons of both striatum and STN can extensively interact with other basal ganglia nuclei, and there is growing anatomical evidence of direct axonal connections from the STN to striatum. There remains, however, a pressing need to elucidate the organization and impact of these subthalamostriatal projections in the context of the diverse cell types constituting the striatum. To address this, we carried out monosynaptic retrograde tracing from genetically-defined populations of dorsal striatal neurons in adult male and female mice, quantifying the connectivity from STN neurons to spiny projection neurons, GABAergic interneurons, and cholinergic interneurons. In parallel, we used a combination of ex vivo electrophysiology and optogenetics to characterize the responses of a complementary range of dorsal striatal neuron types to activation of STN axons. Our tracing studies showed that the connectivity from STN neurons to striatal parvalbumin-expressing interneurons is significantly higher (~ four-to eight-fold) than that from STN to any of the four other striatal cell types examined. In agreement, our recording experiments showed that parvalbumin-expressing interneurons, but not the other cell types tested, commonly exhibited robust monosynaptic excitatory responses to subthalamostriatal inputs. Taken together, our data collectively demonstrate that the subthalamostriatal projection is highly selective for target cell type. We conclude that glutamatergic STN neurons are positioned to directly and powerfully influence striatal activity dynamics by virtue of their enriched innervation of GABAergic parvalbumin-expressing interneurons.

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