Effect of avocadofurans on larval survival, growth, and food preference of the generalist herbivore, Spodoptera exigua

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar R. Rodriguez-Saona ◽  
John T. Trumble
Keyword(s):  
Food Preference ◽  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Generalist Herbivore

scholarly journals Origanum Vulgare Terpenoids Induce Oxidative Stress and Reduce the Feeding Activity of Spodoptera Littoralis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Agliassa ◽  
Massimo E. Maffei
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Terpene Biosynthesis ◽  
Generalist Herbivore

Terpenoids are toxic compounds produced by plants as a defense strategy against insect herbivores. We tested the effect of Origanum vulgare terpenoids on the generalist herbivore Spodoptera littoralis and the response of the plant to herbivory. Terpenoids were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS and quantitative gene expression (qPCR) was evaluated on selected plant genes involved in both terpene biosynthesis. The insect detoxification response to terpenes was evaluated by monitoring antioxidant enzymes activity and expression of insect genes involved in terpene detoxification. O. vulgare terpenoid biosynthesis and gene expression was modulated by S. littoralis feeding. The herbivore-induced increased level of terpenoids (particularly carvacrol and p-cymene) interacted with the herbivore by decreasing larval survival and growth rate. The assimilation by S. littoralis of more than 50% of ingested terpenes correlated with the possible toxic effects of O. vulgare terpenoids. In choice test experiments, carvacrol and γ-terpinene mediated the larval feeding preferences, wherease the prolonged feeding on O. vulgare terpenoids (particularly on γ-terpinene) exerted relevant antinutritional effects on larvae. S. littoralis was found to react to O. vulgare terpenoids by increasing its antioxidant enzymes activities and gene expression, although this was not sufficient to sustain the toxicity of O. vulgare terpenoids.

scholarly journals Origanum vulgare Terpenoids Induce Oxidative Stress and Reduce the Feeding Activity of Spodoptera littoralis

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Agliassa ◽  
Massimo Maffei
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Terpene Biosynthesis ◽  
Generalist Herbivore

Terpenoids are toxic compounds produced by plants as a defense strategy against insect herbivores. We tested the effect of Origanum vulgare terpenoids on the generalist herbivore Spodoptera littoralis and the response of the plant to herbivory. Terpenoids were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS and quantitative gene expression (qPCR) was evaluated on selected plant genes involved in both terpene biosynthesis. The insect detoxification response to terpenes was evaluated by monitoring antioxidant enzymes activity and expression of insect genes involved in terpene detoxification. O. vulgare terpenoid biosynthesis and gene expression was modulated by S. littoralis feeding. The herbivore-induced increased level of terpenoids (particularly carvacrol and p-cymene) interacted with the herbivore by decreasing larval survival and growth rate. The assimilation by S. littoralis of more than 50% of ingested terpenes correlated with the possible toxic effects of O. vulgare terpenoids. In choice test experiments, carvacrol and γ-terpinene mediated the larval feeding preferences, wherease the prolonged feeding on O. vulgare terpenoids (particularly on γ-terpinene) exerted relevant antinutritional effects on larvae. S. littoralis was found to react to O. vulgare terpenoids by increasing its antioxidant enzymes activities and gene expression, although this was not sufficient to sustain the toxicity of O. vulgare terpenoids.

The toxicity and physiological effect of goniothalamin, a styryl-pyrone, on the generalist herbivore, Spodoptera exigua Hübner

Chemosphere ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 1393-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan ◽  
Man-Young Choi ◽  
Chae-Hoon Paik ◽  
Kandaswamy Kalaivani
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Generalist Herbivore

scholarly journals A Spodoptera exigua Cadherin Serves as a Putative Receptor for Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ca Toxin and Shows Differential Enhancement of Cry1Ca and Cry1Ac Toxicity

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (18) ◽  
pp. 5576-5583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang-Liang Ren ◽  
Rui-Rui Chen ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Yan Ma ◽  
Jin-Jie Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Putative Toxin ◽  
Crystal Toxin

ABSTRACTCrystal toxin Cry1Ca fromBacillus thuringiensishas an insecticidal spectrum encompassing lepidopteran insects that are tolerant to current commercially usedB. thuringiensiscrops (Bt crops) expressing Cry1A toxins and may be useful as a potential bioinsecticide. The mode of action of Cry1A is fairly well understood. However, whether Cry1Ca interacts with the same receptor proteins as Cry1A remains unproven. In the present paper, we first cloned a cadherin-like gene,SeCad1b, fromSpodoptera exigua(relatively susceptible to Cry1Ca).SeCad1bwas highly expressed in the larval gut but scarcely detected in fat body, Malpighian tubules, and remaining carcass. Second, we bacterially expressed truncated cadherin rSeCad1bp and its interspecific homologue rHaBtRp fromHelicoverpa armigera(more sensitive to Cry1Ac) containing the putative toxin-binding regions. Competitive binding assays showed that both Cry1Ca and Cry1Ac could bind to rSeCad1bp and rHaBtRp, and they did not compete with each other. Third, Cry1Ca ingestion killed larvae and decreased the weight of surviving larvae. Dietary introduction ofSeCad1bdouble-stranded RNA (dsRNA) reduced approximately 80% of the target mRNA and partially alleviated the negative effect of Cry1Ca on larval survival and growth. Lastly, rSeCad1bp and rHaBtRp differentially enhanced the negative effects of Cry1Ca and Cry1Ac on the larval mortalities and growth ofS. exiguaandH. armigera. Thus, we provide the first lines of evidence to suggest that SeCad1b fromS. exiguais a functional receptor of Cry1Ca.

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