Network planning and optimization in the third generation wireless networks

Author(s):  
A.R.S. Bahai
Author(s):  
Mahdi Hashemi ◽  
Abolghasem Sadeghi-Niaraki

You may forget where you left your keys when you need them. In ubiquitous computing space your keys will find you and inform you where they are. Ubiquitous computing, the third generation of computing spaces, following mainframes and personal computers, is in its incipient evolution steps. In ubiquitous computing space, sensors and computing nodes are invisibly, inconspicuously, and overwhelmingly embedded in all real-world objects and are all connected to each other through omnipresent wireless networks. The goal is to make real-world objects seem intelligent and autonomous in providing users with electronic and Internet services with users not even noticing how they are provided with these services. The real world, cyberspace, modeling, and mathematics are identified as the main constituents of ubiquitous computing in this study. These four areas are investigated one-by-one and in combination to show how they create a solid foundation for ubiquitous computing. An application of ubiquitous computing in car navigation systems is used to indicate the reliability of the proposed framework.


Asian Survey ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 435-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chalmers Johnson

Controlling ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Neely ◽  
Bernard Marr ◽  
Göran Roos ◽  
Stephen Pike ◽  
Oliver Gupta

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yenita Uswar ◽  
Amrin Saragih ◽  
Tina Mariany Arifin

The objectives of this qualitative research were (1) to identify the factors that affect the Minangkabau language (ML) maintenance in Medan, (2) to discover the parents’ efforts in maintaining ML in Medan and (3) to find out the reason why the speakers have to maintain ML. The souree of data is the nembers of the Association of Sei Jaring Community (Ikatan Warga Sei Jaring: IWS) in Medan. The sample was 10 families including 10 parents and their children. The instruments of this study are a questionnaire and an interview. The questionnaire was used to answer the factors affected the maintenance of ML and how factors affected the maintenance of ML. The interview was used to discover the influence why Minangkabau’s people have to maintain ML. There are four factors in ML maintenance, the parents’ role, the role of family, the intramarriage and homeland visits. After distributing questionnaire and did some interviews it is found that IWS especially for the third generation (children) has the danger level in ML when they communicate to each other. Meanwhile, the data analysis also shows that both fathers and mothers communicate to each other with ML. This condition occurred because of the influence of the environment. Parents have to keep communication and teaching Minangkabau language continuously to their children. so, the young generation can keep the existence of ML for their future. Keywords: Minangkabau Language Maintenance, parents’ efforts, the young generation.


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