Plasma phosphorus content and dietary phosphorus availability in adult sheep

Dietary phosphorus intake in the USA has been consistently greater than the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) with several studies reporting associations between intake and health risks as well as all-cause mortality within healthy subjects and patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The current study utilized a novel approach to calculate added phosphorus content in foods to determine sources (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES 2001–2016, n = 39,796) and trends in consumption (NHANES 1988–1994, 2001–2016, n = 55,744) of total, naturally occurring, and added phosphorus. Among adults (19+ years), the mean intake of total and natural phosphorus (mg/day) in 1988–1994 as compared with 2015–2016 increased (total: 1292 ± SE 11 vs. 1398 ± SE 17; natural: 1113 ± SE 10 vs. 1243 ± SE 16 mg/day); in contrast, added phosphorus intake decreased during this time (178 ± SE 2.9 vs. 155 ± SE 4.1 mg/day). Added phosphorus as a percent of total ranged from about 14.6% in 1988–1994 to about 11.6% in 2015–2016. The top five sources of total and naturally occurring phosphorus, representing approximately 20% of intake, were cheese, pizza, chicken (whole pieces), reduced-fat milk, and eggs/omelets. The top five sources of added phosphorus were cheese, soft drinks, cakes/pies, rolls/buns, and cookies/brownies, representing 45% of added phosphorus in the diet. Consumption of added phosphorus has decreased over the past few decades, possibly due to increased demand for foods with less additives/ingredients but may also be due to inaccurate phosphorus values in nutrition databases. Further studies are needed to validate the added phosphorus calculations utilized in this study and nutrition databases should consider providing added phosphorus content.

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Effect of dietary phosphorus content on milk production and phosphorus excretion in dairy cows

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology ◽

10.1186/2049-1891-5-23 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 23 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Chong Wang ◽

Zhen Liu ◽

Diming Wang ◽

Jianxin Liu ◽

Hongyun Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Phosphorus Content ◽

Phosphorus Excretion ◽

Dietary Phosphorus

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The calcimimetic AMG 641 accelerates regression of extraosseous calcification in uremic rats

AJP Renal Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajprenal.90737.2008 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 296 (6) ◽

pp. F1376-F1385 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Ignacio Lopez ◽

Francisco J. Mendoza ◽

Fatima Guerrero ◽

Yolanda Almaden ◽

Charles Henley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phosphorus Content ◽

Urinary Calcium ◽

Calcium Excretion ◽

Phagocytic Cells ◽

Calcium Sensing Receptor ◽

Calcium Sensing ◽

Dietary Phosphorus ◽

Tissue Calcium ◽

Calcium And Phosphorus ◽

Phosphorus Intake

The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that extraskeletal calcification regresses in uremic rats after reduction in phosphorus intake and treatment with calcimimetics. Extraosseous calcification was induced in five to six nephrectomized rats fed a high-phosphorus (1.2%) diet who received calcitriol (80 ng/kg ip) every other day for a period of 14 days. Next, dietary phosphorus was reduced to 0.6%, and rats were treated with vehicle ( n = 20), calcitriol [80 ng/kg ip/48 h ( n = 20)], or the calcimimetic AMG 641 [1.5 mg/kg sc/48 h ( n = 20)]. Aortic and soft-tissue calcium and phosphorus content was evaluated after 14 and 28 days. At 28 days, reduction of phosphorus intake resulted in a significant decrease in tissue mineral content in vehicle- and AMG 641-treated rats but not in rats receiving calcitriol. Aortic calcium and phosphorus was lower in rats treated with AMG 641 (96.7 ± 26.4 mg/g) than in rats receiving vehicle (178.3 ± 38.6 mg/g). An infiltrate of phagocytic cells expressing the calcium-sensing receptor was identified in areas surrounding foci of calcification. Additional studies in parathyroidectomized rats demonstrated that AMG 641 increased the urinary excretion of calcium (6.2 ± 0.6 vs. 3.1 ± 0.5 mg/day, vehicle) ( P < 0.001). In conclusion, experimentally induced extraosseous calcification in uremic rats can be partially resolved by reducing phosphorus intake; the addition of calcimimetics may accelerate the regression process through mechanisms potentially involving a direct stimulatory effect on mineral phagocytic cells plus an increase in urinary calcium excretion.

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Dietary Phosphorus Requirement of Giant Gouramy (Osphronemus gouramy Lac.)

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia ◽

10.19027/jai.2.67-71 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 67

Author(s):

M. Agus Suprayudi ◽

Mia Setiawati

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Key Words ◽

G Protein ◽

Phosphorus Content ◽

Maximal Growth ◽

Phosphorus Level ◽

Aquarium Fish ◽

Dietary Phosphorus ◽

Phosphorus Requirement

This experiment was conducted to ditermined phosphorus content in the feed of giant gouramy (Osprhonemus gouramy). Four semipurified diet containing isoprotein (41,0%) and isoenergy (10.0 kcal/g protein) but different in phosphorus content were prepared. Diet containing phosphorus at the level of 0,32, 0,63, 0,89 and 1,06% respectively. Fish weighing 21-25 g/ind was stocked at a density of 4 ind./aquarium. Fish was fed at a satiation level three times daily. Fish were reared for 40 days and sampling was done in every 10 day. Result of this study shows that growth performance of fish were increase with the increasing of phosphorus level in the diet till of level (0,89%). Make up of rate phosphor more than 1,06% in the diet will negating the growth. It can be concluded that giant gouramy require phosporus at the level of 0,63-0,89% for maximal growth. Key words : Phosphor, giant gouramy, Osphronemus goruamy, mineral ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan kebutuhan ikan gurame (Osphronemus gouramy) akan mineral fosfor. Pakan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pakan semimumi dengan kadar protein 41,0% dan rasio energi- protein 10 kkal/g protein. Pakan yang digunakan memiliki kandungan fosfor berturut-turut sebesar 0,32, 0,63, 0,89 dan 1,06%. Ikan gurame yang digunakan berbobot awal antara 21-25 g/ekor dan panjang tubuh awal 8,97-13,45 cm/ekor, dipelihara pada akuarium berukuran 50x40x35 cm dengan kepadatan 4 ekor/akuarium. Ikan diberi pakan 3 kali sehari secara satiation selama 40 hari. Setiap 10 hari sekali dilakukan penimbangan bobot tubuh ikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa performan pertumbuhan ikan gurame meningkat dengan meningkatknya kadar fosfor dalam makanan sampai pada tingkat 0,89%. Peningkatan kadar fosfor diatas tingkat tersebut berdampak negatif terhadap pertumbuhan. Pertumbuhan maksimal didapat pada ikan yang diberi pakan dengan kadar fosfor 0,63-1,06%. Kata kunci : Fosfor, ikan gurame, Oshpronemus gouramy, mineral.

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Fluctuating plasma phosphorus level by changes in dietary phosphorus intake induces endothelial dysfunction

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition ◽

10.3164/jcbn.14-96 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 35-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Eriko Watari ◽

Yutaka Taketani ◽

Tomoyo Kitamura ◽

Terumi Tanaka ◽

Hirokazu Ohminami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Phosphorus Level ◽

Dietary Phosphorus ◽

Dietary Phosphorus Intake ◽

Phosphorus Intake ◽

Plasma Phosphorus

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Additives to reduce phosphorus excretion and phosphorus solubility in poultry and swine manure

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea02143 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 44 (8) ◽

pp. 717 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. H. Nahm

Keyword(s):

Phosphorus Content ◽

Swine Manure ◽

Pig Manure ◽

Phosphorus Retention ◽

Phosphorus Excretion ◽

Dietary Phosphorus ◽

Soluble Phosphorus ◽

Quick Measurement ◽

Phosphorus Runoff ◽

Phosphorus Solubility

In the past 20 years, scientists have realised that environmental contamination by non-point source nutrients is a significant problem and its control is not easily managed. Manure phosphorus was found to be a primary pollutant of surface water, so methods to reduce manure phosphorus runoff have been a research focus. This review concentrates on approaches developed to reduce the excretion of manure phosphorus and to reduce the soluble phosphorus content of manure by poultry and swine. Addition of phytase to poultry and swine diets reduces phosphorus excretion dramatically. For example, phytase addition lowered broiler manure phosphorus by 10–56%, hen manure phosphorus by 41%, growing–finishing pig manure phosphorus by 21–51% and weaning–growing pig manure phosphorus by 20–25%. Phytase also improves the availability of other nutrients. Addition of vitamin D and its metabolites increases phosphorus retention by 31–79%, while use of this vitamin and its metabolites with phytase improved phosphorus retention by 79%. Further research is needed in the use of organic acids, probiotics and starch and their impact on manure phosphorus reduction. Ratios of dietary calcium:total phosphorus in the range of 1.1:1 to 1.4:1 appear to provide the best efficiency of supplemental phytase and D3 in broilers. Determination of dietary phosphorus requirements for each growth phase is vital, as is accurate and quick measurement of phosphorus contents in feeds. Certain chemical reagents containing aluminium, calcium or iron have been found effective in reducing the solubility of phosphorus, when added to manure or litter. Research reports have shown that reagents containing aluminium reduced phosphorus solubility in manure by 39–100%. Compounds containing iron decreased phosphorus solubility by 48–95%, while calcium compounds reduced soluble phosphorus by 65%. Fly ash containing aluminium, iron and calcium may also be used to lower soluble phosphorus content in manures.

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