scholarly journals Selective underground mining of complex structured ore bodies of Kryvyi Rih Iron Ore Basin

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 00041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vsevolod Kalinichenko ◽  
Serhii Pysmennyi ◽  
Nataliia Shvaher ◽  
Olena Kalinichenko
Keyword(s):  
Iron Content ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Thickness Ratio ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Ore Body ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Selective Mining ◽  
To Receive

Selective mining of complex structured ore bodies will enable increased iron content in the mined ore mass in underground mining at Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin applying the existing mining systems. The article determines the way the grade changes in a mine block of a complex structured ore body when applying bulk and selective mining as well as factors influencing indices of extracting ore mass from the block. The investigation results prove that it is reasonable to mine complex structured ore deposits with barren inclusions applying selective mining if the iron content in the block varies from 64 to 67% and horizontal thickness of the barren inclusion makes 4 – 12 m. At that, the thickness ratio should not exceed 0.3. Stoping methods should be applied to receive high indices of ore mass extraction. There is determined an ore/barren inclusion-to-ore body thickness ratio considering the dilution factor that confirms practicability of selective mining of complex structured ore bodies. Selective mining of complex structured ore deposits of Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin applying open stoping enables increasing the mined ore mass quality without considerable capital and operating costs and, consequently, staying on the market and enhancing the environmental situation in the region.

scholarly journals Selective mining of complex stuctured ore deposits by open stope systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 01007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukola Stupnik ◽  
Valerii Kolosov ◽  
Serhii Pysmennyi ◽  
Kovbyk Kostiantyn
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Selective Mining ◽  
Tension And Compression ◽  
Component Content ◽  
Mining Complex

The article studies stability of intervening pillars at underground selective mining of complex structured ore bodies of Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin applying open stope systems that will enable the increased useful mineral component content in the mined ore mass. When calculating an exposure span, the current methods of determining room system constructive elements do not consider dirt thickness. So, it is essential to develop methods of determining room system constructive elements for mining complex structured ore bodies to provide stability of stope exposures. When mining a mine block, stoping is suggested to be fulfilled gradually from the footwall to the hanging wall of the ore body by room-and-pillar methods leaving a dirt or ore inclusion in the block. This enables decrease in concentrating tension and compression stresses in the middle part of the dirt or ore inclusion resulting in its 1.5 – 2.0 times greater stability. There is also determined that the stope stability is impacted by the horizontal thickness of the inclusion, the hardness ratio and the order of stoping in a mine block. Application of open stope methods in selective mining of complex structured ore bodies of Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin enables increased quality of the mined ore mass without significant capital and operating costs and results in better environment of the region.

Experience in the development of innovative underground geotechnologies for mining of ore deposits

2020 ◽  
pp. 338-350
Author(s):  
I. V. Sokolov ◽  
Y. G. Antipin ◽  
N. V. Gobov ◽  
I. V. Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Ore Preparation ◽  
Additional Value

Based on an analysis of the design principles and practice of underground mining of ore deposits, the most significant features, trends to develop and directions to enhance of underground geotechnology in the field of opening and preparation, mining systems, filling works and ore preparation have been established. The main signs of innovation - scientific research and implementation in production in order to obtain additional value, are highlighted. Various approaches to the development of innovative underground geotechnologies are shown and a methodology for their justification is formulated based on a systematic approach implemented in the framework of the concept of integrated development of mineral resources and on the principles of economic efficiency, industrial and environmental safety, completeness of subsoil development. The experience of the IM UB RAS on the development and implementation of innovative underground geotechnologies in the design and industrial operation of a number of ore deposits is given, which significantly increased the completeness and quality of ore extraction from the subsoil, increased labor productivity in sinking and stoping works, reduced capital and operating costs for ore mining and to utilize mining and processing waste in the mined-out space.

scholarly journals Using Topographic Advantages in Formulating a Strategy to Access Ore Bodies at Ban Phuc Nikel Mine

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Hung Nguyen Phi ◽  
Thang Pham Duc
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Mineral Deposit ◽  
Access Method ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Ground Support ◽  
Mining Technique ◽  
Ore Body ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Gain Access ◽  
Transport Potential

There are various types of underground mining that are categorized based on the kind of shafts used, the technique of extraction and the process used to get to a deposit. Development mining is composed of excavation almost entirely in (non-valuable) waste rock in order to gain access to the orebody. To start the mining, the first step is to make the path to go down. Development, the work of opening a mineral deposit for exploitation is performed. With it begins the actual mining of the deposit. Access to the deposit must be gained either by stripping the overburden, which is the soil and/or rock covering the deposit,to expose the near- surface ore for mining or by excavating openings from the surface to access more deeply buried deposits to prepare for underground mining. The type of underground mining technique used is typically based on the geology of the area, especially the amount of ground support needed to make mining safe. When using to exploit ore body by underground mining method, the textbook guide in universities of Vietnam had had 4 main strategies include: access by horizontal tunnel lines, access by incline shaft, vertical shaft and combination of above access method. In this study, we developed a solution outside of four above approaches, to take advantage of the topography, transport potential energy, and advantages when constructing sloped incline, backward from outside to inside.

scholarly journals Enhancement of the technology of mining steep ore bodies applying the “floating” crown

2021 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 08013
Author(s):  
Serhii Pysmennyi ◽  
Serhii Chukharev ◽  
Kyelgyenbai Khavalbolot ◽  
Iryna Bondar ◽  
Jambaa Ijilmaa
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Rock Pressure ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Underground Mines ◽  
Protective Structure ◽  
Unit Load ◽  
Block Caving ◽  
Crown Length ◽  
Ore Bodies

When mining ore bodies in Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin, underground mines apply open stoping or bulk caving systems in proportion of 55% to 45%. Most of underground mines prefer stoping with pillar caving. Yet, rock pressure contributes to growth of costs for workings maintenance and deterioration of extraction indices. Rock mass extraction indices can be enhanced by application of a protectve structure in the upper part of the block that will enable additional decrease in load on the draw level. There are a great many of methods for determining parameters of constructive elements of the protective structure that help keep its integrity for the whole period of block mining. The article suggests methods for determining parameters of the protective structure when mining steep ore bodies. The research conducted demonstrates that with the inclined protective structure, increase of unit load on it from 200 to 1200t/m2 leads to decrease of its thickness from 6.3-20.9m to 5.5-18.4m and increase of the crown length from 40m to 60m. The developed block caving system with application of the protective structure when mining steep ore bodies enables overall decrease of ore dilution in the block by 3%, increase of iron content in the mined ore by 1.3% without significant mining costs growth and decrease of loads on the workings of the receiving level.

Scientific and Practical Procedures of Ensuring the Effectiveness of Environmental Measures during Exploitation of Iron Ore Deposits

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 160-165
Author(s):  
Liubov Tymoshenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Iron Ore Deposits ◽  
Environmental Measures ◽  
Environmental Activities

The essence and expediency in the use of partial indicators of economic efficiency evaluation and selection of environmental activities in the development of iron ore deposits in different mining conditions of its exploitation is identified. Methodical approach to economic evaluation of the effectiveness of environmental measures during developing of iron ore deposits by using of index environmental and economic changes level of the environment, specific costs for environmental protection and economic intensity of violations of the environment was improved. The generalized indicator of economic efficiency of production ecologization at enterprises of mining and processing of ore raw materials is grounded. Levels of this indicator by the character of environmental activities of the enterprise, the stability of its interaction with nature and level on environmental-safety, are allocated. The methodical substantiation of evaluation criteria and methods for measuring the cost-effectiveness of environmental measures during exploitation of iron ore deposits and practical aspects of assessing the level of ecologization of open-pit and underground mining in relation to the economy of mining enterprises are given.

scholarly journals Development of resource-saving technology when mining ore bodies by blocks under rock pressure

2020 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 02006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhii Pysmenniy ◽  
Natalya Shvager ◽  
Oleksandr Shepel ◽  
Kostiantyn Kovbyk ◽  
Oleksandr Dolgikh
Keyword(s):  
Rock Pressure ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Borehole Diameter ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Iron Ore Deposits ◽  
Degree Of Extraction

The article aims to develop the resource-saving technology when mining steep ore bodies applying 250 mm-diameter boreholes to break ore into the compressed environment. This will reduce dilution of the mined ore mass in conditions of rock pressure around blocks. When mining iron ore deposits of Kryvyi Rih basin, applied mining systems allow for creation of the compensatory space as the first stage. However, these stopes fail under rock pressure, this influencing negatively ore breaking and extraction. The degree of extraction can be increased through breaking ore mass into the compressed environment. The width of the ore layer to be broken onto the compressed environment is determined through industrial investigations. To enhance breaking conditions, it is suggested to apply boreholes of a larger diameter. However, there is no technique developed for determining thickness of the ore layer to be broken depending on the borehole diameter and the fragmentation factor. When applying 250 mm boreholes, increase of thickness of the layer to be broken from 2 to 10 m is found to cause compaction of the previously broken layer up to 3 m with the optimal ore fragmentation factor of 1.3–1.5 and 3-fold decrease of lumps yield. This results from the fact that drilling a 250 mm borehole to secure even provision of the massif with explosives reduces the line of the least resistance.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the underground mining of high-grade iron ores in anomalous geological conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-716
Author(s):  
Mykhailo V. Petlovanyi ◽  
Vladislav V. Ruskykh
Keyword(s):  
Iron Content ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Ore Deposit ◽  
Ore Body ◽  
Subsequent Decrease ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
The Difference

This paper is dedicated to research into the geological peculiarities, shape of the ore body and the occurrence of the host rocks in the hanging wall of the Pivdenno-Biloz- erske deposit , as well as their influence on the degrees and quality of high-grade iron ore extraction. It is noted that in the interval of 480 – 840 m depths, a decrease is observed in the stability of the natural and technogenic massif, which is caused by the increase in rock pressure with depth, the influence of blast- ing operations on the massif and the difference in geological conditions. This has led to the collapse of hanging wall rocks and backfill into the mined-out space of chambers in certain areas of the deposit, the dilution of the ore and deterioration of the operational state of the underground mine workings. Attention is focused on the causes and peculiarities of consequences of the collapse of the hanging wall rocks during ore mining, which reduce the technical and-economic indexes of the ore extraction from the chambers. A 3D-model of an ore deposit with complex structural framework has been developed, which makes it possible to visually observe in axonometric projection the geological peculiarities and the shape of the ore body. The parameters have been studied of mining chambers in the 640 – 740 m floor under different changing geological conditions of the ore deposit and hanging wall rocks occurrence – the northern, central and southern parts. The difference in the iron content in the mined ore relative to the initial iron content in the massif has been defined as an indicative criterion of the influence of changing conditions on the production quality. The reasons have been revealed which contribute to the collapse of the rocks and the subsequent decrease in the iron content of the mined ore in ore deposit areas dif- fering by their characteristics. It has been determined that within the central and half of the southern ore deposit parts with a length of 600 m, an anomalous geological zone is formed, the manifestation of which will be increased with the depth of mining. It was noted that within this zone, with the highest intensity and density of collapse of hanging wall rocks, the influence of decrease in the slope angle and change in the strike direction are of greatest priority, and such geological factors as a decrease in hardness, rock morphology, deposit thickness increase this influence significantly. To solve the problems of the hanging wall rocks’ stability, it is recommended to study the nature and direction of action of gravity forces on the stope chambers in the northern, central and southern parts, as well to search for scientific solutions in regard to changes in the geometric shapes of stope chambers and their spatial location, improving the order of reserves mining in terms of the ore deposit area, the rational order of breaking-out ore reserves in the chambers with changing mining and geological conditions of the fields’ development.

scholarly journals Features of choosing the schemes for selective mining of ores and justifying their rational parameters while using heap leaching schemes for processing

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Gennady Sekisov ◽  
Aleksei Sobolev ◽  
Abdakim Ashimbaev
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Structural Type ◽  
Heap Leaching ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Direct Extraction ◽  
Ore Bodies ◽  
Selective Mining ◽  
Standard Quality ◽  
Complex Structural

The article presents data from theoretical and experimental studies related to the search for a solution to an urgent geotechnological problem - selective mining of standard quality ore, substandard and diluted ores, taking into account the peculiarities of their processing by heap leaching. For complex-structural large-scale ore deposits of the stockwork morphological-structural type, multilevel heterogeneity is typical. The morphology and structure of the objects of direct extraction - ore bodies within the production blocks - vary significantly. The expediency of selective mining and separate heap leaching (or heap oxidation and leaching) of gold and copper from conditioned ores of various geological and technological types and grades is justified. In addition, it is advisable to selectively extract and separately process by heap leaching or flux in a controlled manner before it off-balance and diluted ores, as well as mineralized overburden and tailings of high-grade ores.

scholarly journals Geological position of riebeckite-containing magnetite ores of Krivoy Rog basin

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-509
Author(s):  
V. O. Streltsov ◽  
V. D. Evtekhov ◽  
A. V. Evtekhova ◽  
H. Ya. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Deep Faults ◽  
Iron Ore Deposits ◽  
Geological Position ◽  
Ferruginous Quartzites

The geological position of the riebeckite metasomatites at the Pervomayskoye, Annovskoye, Gleyevatskoye, Valyavkinskoye, Inguletskoye, Petrovskoye and Artemovskoye deposits of the Krivbas is controlled by faults serving as channels for metasomatizing solution filtrations. This is confirmed by a significant loss of riebeckite metasomatites abundance moving south and north of the central part of the Pervomayskoye deposit, the position of which corresponds to the intersection of two deep faults that are: the submeridional Krivoy RogKremenchug and the sublatitudinal Devladovo ones. In the productive strata of other deposits, the distribution of riebeckite metasomatites is much lower in comparison with the Pervomayskoye deposit, but their position is also determined by faults position.The fifth and sixth ferruginous horizons are characterized by the maximum distribution of riebeckite metasomatites within the Pervomayskoye deposit and form the productive iron ore rock mass. They contain ferruginous quartzites with the highest iron content, composition of which is optimal for active manifestation of riebeckite metasomatism.The process of riebeckitization occurred to much lesser extentin the stratigraphic horizons that underlie and overlay the productive rock mass and which are composed of schists and low-iron magnetite-silicate quartzites.Silicateless (micaceous hematite-magnetite, magnetite) quartzites were subjected to the most intensive riebeckitization in the ferruginous horizons: the content of riebeckite metasomatites here makesup 60-80% of the volume of ore layers. The composition of the sodium amphibole is close to stoichiometric one here. In the layers composed of cummingtonite-magnetite and magnetite-cummingtonite quartzites, the amount of riebeckite metasomatites is much lower and makes up 10-30% of their total volume. The sodium amphibole is represented here by magnesioriebeckite. Similar regularities in the distribution of riebeckite metasomatites are also typical for ferruginous horizons of all iron ore deposits in the Krivoy Rog basin.

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