Systems analysis of municipal solid waste management and recycling system in east Africa: benchmarking performance in Kigali city, Rwanda

This study assessed the current status of solid waste management (SWM) in the City of Kigali (CoK), the capital city of Rwanda. This assessment was done using systems analysis methodology of “wasteaware” benchmark indicators for integrated sustainable waste management in cities. This method of assessing helps to assess the Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) in a city according to its physical components and governance features. Data were collected during a 6-month period from May to October 2017, but verification took other four months (Up to February 2018). Data were obtained from official reports, legal documents, and interviews with key personnel and operators and also from official and unofficial dumpsites visits. In CoK, approximately 232,870 tons of MSW is generated per year, MSW collection and transportation is done by private companies but the only dumpsite present in Kigali is fully controlled by the City of Kigali. Residents pay waste collectors according to their social classes and their locations. There is no official recycling system; recycling activities are informally performed by private companies and some wastes, like plastic bottles, are taken to Uganda and Tanzania to be recycled. This study found that the recycling rate was 10% contrarily to the 2% which is recorded by official sources. This study has contributed by filling the gap in literature on waste management for the city of Kigali and it recommends that the Government represented by the CoK should do more in terms of investing in SWM and creating a relationship between private waste collectors and local communities, and the private sector should be mobilized to invest in SWM activities.

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Current Status Of Municipal Solid Waste Management In Ukraine

10.23939/cte2019.01.291 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Liydmyla Haponych ◽

Iryna Golenko ◽

Alexander Topal

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Current Status ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Management

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Municipal solid waste management in Kitwe City

Management of Environmental Quality An International Journal ◽

10.1108/meq-10-2017-0120 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. 1075-1092

Author(s):

Bupe Getrude Mwanza ◽

Charles Mbohwa ◽

Arnesh Telukdarie

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Research Work ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Municipal Solid Wastes ◽

Content Type ◽

The City

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the present municipal solid wastes (MSWs) management system, from an engineering management (EM) perspective, for the City of Kitwe while proposing a levers-driven sustainable municipal solid waste management (MSWM) model focussing on improving waste management (WM). Design/methodology/approach The research work involves four stages. First, a comprehensive review of literature is conducted on MSWM. Second, structured interviews are conducted with key experts in solid waste management in the City of Kitwe in order to enhance the knowledge inputs. Third, direct observations and an interview with a WM driver are conducted in order to understand; the collection, disposal and treatment options for MSWs. Lastly, a sustainable model for managing MSWs is proposed Findings The research findings indicate that the existing MSW system for the city is highly unsustainable and lacks EM methodologies. There are still a number of challenges in the management of MSWs which include: lack of proper collection and storage of MSWs; lack of an engineered landfill; lack of waste recovery and treatment systems; and lack of public education aimed at reducing and separating MSWs. Practical implications A correct and detailed database for waste generation, collection, treatment and disposal is needed for the City of Kitwe. The system is necessary for WM resources allocation as well as for planning sustainable WM projects. The proposed model has been developed based on the actual observations, data collection and analysis. Originality/value The research identifies a gap in the management of MSWs for the City of Kitwe. This work is original as no similar MSW model has been proposed globally and specific for a developing economy such as Africa.

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Municipal Solid Waste Management

Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies - Handbook of Research on Waste Management Techniques for Sustainability ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-9723-2.ch002 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 19-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jaison Chatsiwa ◽

Never Mujere ◽

Avhatendi Bethania Maiyana

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Management Practices ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽

Urban Settlements ◽

Waste Management Practices ◽

The City

The rapid increase in urban population has resulted in poor environmental conditions in urban and peri-urban settlements. In most developing countries, the problem of inefficient municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is endemic. The problem manifests in heaps of uncollected solid waste or ubiquitous illegal dumps on open areas and by the street sides. This paper examines issues of solid waste management practices in the City of Kwekwe in Zimbabwe. It highlights types of waste, its generation, transfer and disposal. A mixed methodological approach including field observations, structured questionnaire survey and face-to-face interviews were employed in the gathering of data for the study. The key findings established to be the factors affecting effective solid waste management in the City are irregular solid waste collection, inadequate operational funding, inappropriate technologies, inadequate staffing, lack of knowledge cooperation and knowledge on the part of the residents. Based on the research findings, principles of environmental stewardship need to be promoted in the City.

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Municipal Solid Waste Management in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia: Systems Analysis

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su9060896 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 896 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Bolorchimeg Byamba ◽

Mamoru Ishikawa

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Systems Analysis ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Management

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Towards Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Management: A Case of Urumqi, China

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.878.3 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 878 ◽

pp. 3-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bin Guo ◽

Ya Xuan Liu

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Waste Treatment ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Current Status ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽

Fundamental Research ◽

Rapid Industrialization ◽

Barriers And Challenges

The rapid industrialization, continuous economic development, as well as increasing urban population and peoples living standards in Urumqi have resulted in a great increase of the total generated amount of municipal solid waste (MSW). Urumqi government strives to improve its municipal solid waste management (MSWM), and the MSW safe disposal rate was already up to 92.9% in 2011. This study presents an detailed overview on current MSWM practice in Urumqi municipality, including MSW characteristics and current status of MSW generation, collection, transportation and final disposal. It shows that more than 80% of MSW was final disposed by landfill and current landfill based MSWM system lack of effectiveness and efficiency. The major barriers and challenges that inhibit effective and efficient MSWM are imperfectness and inefficient enforcement of relevant policies, inappropriate waste treatment fee system, backward technology, insufficient public education and participation, as well as lack of fundamental research. Finally, to overcome such barriers, we propose a detailed integrated MSWM system to facilitate MSWM in Urumqi.

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Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Management System in a Developing Country

Chinese Journal of Engineering ◽

10.1155/2014/561935 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

A. Ahsan ◽

M. Alamgir ◽

M. M. El-Sergany ◽

S. Shams ◽

M. K. Rowshon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Management System ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Solid Wastes ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽

Management Concept ◽

The City

This study represents a few basic steps of municipal solid waste management practiced in the six major cities of Bangladesh, namely, Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Rajshahi, Barisal, and Sylhet. A six-month field study was conducted to identify the solid wastes management steps such as storage at source, separation, on-site storage, collection, transportation, treatment, reuse, recycling, and ultimate disposal. This study addresses the role of the city authority to meet the demand of the city dwellers in solving this emerging socioenvironmental issue and the initiatives taken by some nongovernmental organizations and community based organizations. The problems and constraints of the solid wastes management system are also identified to find a sustainable management concept for the urban areas of Bangladesh.

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Environmental assessment of the state of municipal solid waste management in the city of Uman

Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture ◽

10.31395/2415-8240-2021-98-1-104-111 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (98) ◽

pp. 104-111

Author(s):

A. V. Balabak ◽

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Anaerobic Fermentation ◽

Municipal Waste ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽

Residential Sector ◽

Msw Management ◽

The City

The study of municipal solid waste management was carried out on the example of the city of Uman, the features of the municipal waste collection were considered. One of the promising utilization methods of the municipal waste organic component is proposed — anaerobic fermentation with subsequent composting of the resulting products. Urban population growth, industrialization, urbanization and economic prosperity lead to an increase in municipal solid waste (MSW). The aim of the work was to consider the characteristics of municipal solid waste management using the example of the city of Uman; inspect the features of collecting municipal waste; consider a separate collection system; identify problems and possible solutions. According to the statistics of Uman city council, 73-75 tons of municipal waste per day are delivered to the landfill. The control is carried out on the composition of the waste entering the landfill. Sorting takes place using a sorting line, which was put into operation in October 2016. Removal of municipal solid waste from the residential sector is carried out according to the schedule. The waste from the private sector of the city is removed during the day. Transportation (transport) of municipal waste is carried out by specially equipped vehicles. On the plots of the private residential sector, the collection of municipal waste is carried out by containerless and container methods. The containerless method is used in those areas of private building, where the possibility of the garbage truck's driving and its maneuvering are limited. Analysis of the current state of municipal solid waste management in the city of Uman showed that the main reasons for the increase in the volume of environmental pollution due to municipal solid waste is the lack of a high-quality management system in the field of MSW management, and especially the outdated waste collection and transportation scheme. The state of MSW management does not meet modern requirements. At the landfill, as a result of the introduction of the technology for the production of biogas from municipal solid waste, it is possible to obtain marketable products — biogas and compost. The city can receive income from the use of biogas as an alternative source of energy for heating buildings or from its consuming by the population. For the city of Uman, the volume of biogas formation at the MSW landfill in 2018 would have amounted to 5,441,280 m3, and in 2019 – 5,424,930 m3.Thus, it is possible to obtain significant volumes of biogas for the production of both heat and electricity. As a result of the study, recommendations were developed to improve the system for collecting municipal waste in the city of Uman. One of the promising utilization methods of the municipal waste organic component in the city of Uman is anaerobic fermentation followed by composting of the resulting products.

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Analysis of Tokyo’s municipal solid waste management system

Russian journal of resources conservation and recycling ◽

10.15862/03ecor220 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Yakov Vishnyakov ◽

Alexander Kanunnikov

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Complete Information ◽

Environmental Safety ◽

Waste To Energy ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽

Environmental Standards ◽

The City

The article analyzes the features of municipal solid waste management in Tokyo. Special attention is paid to the analysis of trends in the volume of waste in the city of Tokyo over the past decades, as well as the reasons for the constant decline in these volumes. The article deals with the waste management activities of the Clean Authority of Tokyo, discusses the features of treatment of various types of waste, as well as the arrangement of the Tokyo city waste landfill. It was noted that the capital of Japan succeeded in creating an effective system for the disposal and recycling of municipal solid waste that can ensure the environmental safety of the city, as well as integrate waste into the country’s fuel and energy complex. An important feature of Japanese waste management companies is the desire not only to comply with official environmental standards, but also to adhere to their own standards, even more stringent. Based on an analysis of Japanese experience, the authors put forward proposals for optimizing the sphere of waste management in Russia. In particular, attention is drawn to the need to prevent an environmental catastrophe caused by a careless attitude to waste, improve the quality of life of citizens, prevent social unrest associated with environmental pollution, and also involve waste in the generation of electricity and heat. The authors note that as part of the “trash” reform, it is necessary to increase the environmental awareness of citizens, provide citizens with relevant and complete information about the industry, and create stricter environmental standards for waste to energy plants and other enterprises involved in waste management.

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An Audit of Municipal Solid Waste Management in a Mega-City (East Delhi): Challenges and Opportunities

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.b1951.078219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 1329-1335

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Waste Management ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Local Health ◽

Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽

Msw Management ◽

Collection Practices ◽

The City

Municipal Solid waste management in developing countries is a gigantic task and its improper management can lead to severe environmental concerns and immense economic loss. However, many urban local bodies are not fully aware of the existing gaps in infrastructure and MSW management services that should be provided to make the system run efficiently and ensuring compliance to the national rules for waste management.The scale of the problem is huge as the reported annual MSW generation in India is about 58.87 Million tonnes (2016-2018) with an estimated annual increase of about 5%.We all know thatinadequate collection of municipal solid waste results in local and global environmental problems, including air pollution (local health and global climate change) and water pollution (local water bodies and marine litter). The Solid Waste Management Rules of 2016 issued by the Government of India requires source segregation and collection; and identifies specific roles and responsibilities for stakeholders, including waste generators, collectors, and local government. The main objectives of the study were to conduct a gap analysis of the existing municipal waste management system in East Delhi Municipal Corporation (EDMC) area and to assist in ensuring proper implementation of Solid Waste Management Rules 2016.This paper presents the relevant national rules and the current collection practices in East Delhi based on the results of a recent survey of waste management practices. The survey revealed that much of the waste was not segregated, and found that lack of awareness, infrastructure, monitoring, incentives and penalties were the primary reasons for inadequate collection practices in the city. Door-to-door campaigns, television advertisements, and penalties for noncompliance were identified as some of the key measures to improve segregation and collection.The methodology used for the study was a mix of primary and secondary research tools like, transect walks, personal interviews with stakeholders, focus group discussions and literature review; in sample wards of the city to ensure a 90% confidence level. Such a study shall beuseful for other developing countries to help identify priority areas of action and achieve sustainable MSW management.

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