MODELING AND PERFORMANCE OF DOUBLE HETEROJUNCTION GaAlAs/GaAs INTEGRATED INJECTION LOGIC. FABRICATION AND DC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE BASIC CELL

Abstract Nanoprobing is one of the key characterization techniques for soft defect localization in SRAM. DC transistor performance metrics could be used to identify the root cause of the fail mode. One such case report where nanoprobing was applied to a wafer impacted by significant SRAM yield loss is presented in this paper where standard FIB cross-section on hard fail sites and top down delayered inspection did not reveal any obvious defects. The authors performed nanoprobing DC characterization measurements followed by capacitance-voltage (CV) measurements. Two probe CV measurement was then performed between the gate and drain of the device with source and bulk floating. The authors identified valuable process marginality at the gate to lightly doped drain overlap region. Physical characterization on an inline split wafer identified residual deposits on the BL contacts potentially blocking the implant. Enhanced cleans for resist removal was implemented as a fix for the fail mode.

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Noise and Breakdown Characterization of SPAD Detectors with Time-Gated Photon-Counting Operation

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21165287 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (16) ◽

pp. 5287

Author(s):

Hiwa Mahmoudi ◽

Michael Hofbauer ◽

Bernhard Goll ◽

Horst Zimmermann

Keyword(s):

Breakdown Voltage ◽

Single Photon ◽

Photon Counting ◽

Low Noise ◽

Dark Count ◽

Fully Integrated ◽

Trade Offs ◽

And Performance ◽

Noise Models

Being ready-to-detect over a certain portion of time makes the time-gated single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) an attractive candidate for low-noise photon-counting applications. A careful SPAD noise and performance characterization, however, is critical to avoid time-consuming experimental optimization and redesign iterations for such applications. Here, we present an extensive empirical study of the breakdown voltage, as well as the dark-count and afterpulsing noise mechanisms for a fully integrated time-gated SPAD detector in 0.35-μm CMOS based on experimental data acquired in a dark condition. An “effective” SPAD breakdown voltage is introduced to enable efficient characterization and modeling of the dark-count and afterpulsing probabilities with respect to the excess bias voltage and the gating duration time. The presented breakdown and noise models will allow for accurate modeling and optimization of SPAD-based detector designs, where the SPAD noise can impose severe trade-offs with speed and sensitivity as is shown via an example.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Bio-Chiral Dopants Obtained from Bio-Betulin Produced by a Fermentation Process

Crystals ◽

10.3390/cryst11070785 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 785

Author(s):

Veridiana G. Guimarães ◽

Anastasiia Svanidze ◽

Tianyi Guo ◽

Pawan Nepal ◽

Robert J. Twieg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liquid Crystals ◽

Natural Product ◽

Fermentation Process ◽

Synthesis And Characterization ◽

Cholesteric Liquid Crystals ◽

And Performance ◽

Chiral Dopants

Cholesteric liquid crystals are frequently produced by the addition of chiral dopants to achiral nematic hosts. We report here the synthesis and performance of chiral dopants obtained from bio-betulin produced by a fermentation process. An important aspect of this work is to point out that the fermentation process used to obtain the starting materials is much easier and cheaper when carried out in large volumes than isolating it from the natural product. The performance of the dopants obtained from bio-betulin is indistinguishable from those obtained from commercially available synthetic betulin.

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Design, Installation, and Performance Characterization of a Laboratory-Scale Solar Thermal System for Experiments in Solar Energy Utilization

Volume 5: Education and Globalization; General Topics ◽

10.1115/imece2012-86361 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Stephanie Drozek ◽

Christopher Damm ◽

Ryan Enot ◽

Andrew Hjortland ◽

Brandon Jackson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Solar Energy ◽

Laboratory Scale ◽

Energy Utilization ◽

Solar Thermal ◽

Thermal System ◽

Performance Characterization ◽

And Performance ◽

Solar Thermal System

The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation of a laboratory-scale solar thermal system for the Renewable Energy Systems Laboratory at the Milwaukee School of Engineering (MSOE). The system development began as a student senior design project where students designed and fabricated a laboratory-scale solar thermal system to complement an existing commercial solar energy system on campus. The solar thermal system is designed specifically for educating engineers. This laboratory equipment, including a solar light simulator, allows for variation of operating parameters to investigate their impact on system performance. The equipment will be utilized in two courses: Applied Thermodynamics, and Renewable Energy Utilization. During the solar thermal laboratories performed in these courses, students conduct experiments based on the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) 93-2010 standard for testing and performance characterization of solar thermal systems. Their measurements are then used to quantify energy output, efficiency and losses of the system and subsystem components.

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Synthesis and Performance Characterization of a Low Adsorption Clay-resistant Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer

Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater Sci Ed ◽

10.1007/s11595-021-2429-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 446-455

Author(s):

Ying Zhang ◽

Pengshuo Wang ◽

Guowen Sun ◽

Jianming Yang ◽

Rui Gao

Keyword(s):

Performance Characterization ◽

Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer ◽

And Performance

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Mechanical characterization of porous asphalt mixes modifying the asphalt with fatty acid amides -FAA-

Ingeniería e Investigación ◽

10.15446/ing.investig.v37n1.57158 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 43 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Vanessa Senior Arrieta ◽

Jorge Eliecer Córdoba Maquilon

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Mechanical Characterization ◽

Experimental Methodology ◽

Chemical Additives ◽

Asphalt Mixes ◽

Porous Asphalt ◽

Fatty Acid Amides ◽

Pavement Structures ◽

And Performance

Porous asphalt mixes (PAM), form a special road surface for asphalt pavement structures, have a special particle size distribution that lets infiltrate to the runoff storm water through of it because of its voids content about 20 %. Many researchers conducted studies and have concluded that the use of modified asphalts is completely necessary to design PAM. Organic and chemical additives and special procedures as foamed asphalt have enhanced the performance of PAM, during their service life. This paper is focused on the mechanical characterization of PAM and how the asphalt modified with fatty acid amides, influenced on their behavior and performance. Based on an experimental methodology with laboratory tests aimed at establishing a comparison between porous asphalt mixes, using for its design and production a penetration 60-70 pure asphalt and another one asphalt modified with fatty acid amides.

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