scholarly journals A design of stretcher with auxiliary functions of lateral positioning and transferring for immobilized patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 336 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Ying Xiong ◽  
Xuehua Tang ◽  
Congcong Shi ◽  
Yang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Kinematics ◽  
Forward Kinematics ◽  
Motion Simulation ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Auxiliary Functions ◽  
Rigid Rods ◽  
Hospital Bed ◽  
Motion Process ◽  
Lateral Positioning ◽  
Position State

For now, many hospitals that require nurses to move patients by hand from stretchers to a hospital bed, so a design of stretcher with auxiliary functions of lateral positioning and transferring for immobilized patients, which is a mechanical mechanism consisted of rigid rods, joints and sliders, was designed to help the nurses to move patients between beds and reduce their workload. Driven by motors, the rigid rods can be rotated, stretched or shortened so that the entire stretcher bed board can archive to a proper posture and position. In this paper, the following objectives will be achieved: (i) Create a schematic of the mechanism and describe the principles and functions (ii) the calculation of inverse kinematics, forward kinematics, dynamics (including energy), and PD control in the mechanism (iii) The motion process of simulating the mechanism using MATLAB (iv) Using MATLAB to create the plots of angle, torque, and position state (v) Using SolidWorks to construct the prototype and to implement the motion simulation of the mechanism (vi) Describe the practical application and future Extensions of this mechanism.

scholarly journals A gravity balancing assistant arm design in 3-D for rehabilitation of stroke patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 336 ◽  
pp. 02016
Author(s):  
Jianbo Shu ◽  
Xuehua Tang ◽  
Fan Niu ◽  
Changchun Xia ◽  
Congcong Shi
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Gravitational Potential ◽  
Energy Equation ◽  
Elastic Potential ◽  
Gravitational Potential Energy ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Rigid Rods ◽  
Motion Process ◽  
Elastic Potential Energy

A gravity balancing assistant arm design in 3-D is a mechanical mechanism consisted of springs, rigid rods, joints and sliders, which can be modified to the geometry and inertia of the arm of stroke patients. This mechanism is designed without any controllers and motors, based solely on mechanical principles, to achieve a relative balance of gravitational potential energy and elastic potential energy, thereby reducing the burden on the arm of a stroke patient to facilitate rehabilitation. To achieve this function, first, the center of gravity of the patient’s arm will be positioned, and then the mounting position of the spring on the assistant arm will be determined. In this paper, the following objectives will be achieved: (i) the calculation of the gravitational potential energy and the elastic potential energy in the mechanism (ii) the simplification of the potential energy equation and the elimination of the coefficient of the items related to the angle. (iii) The comparison between 2-D and 3-D cases of the mechanism. (iv) The motion process of simulating the mechanism using MATLAB (v) Using MATLAB to create the energy plots (vi) Using SolidWorks to construct the prototype of the mechanism (vii) Describe the practical application and future extensions of this mechanism.

Configuration Design and Simulation of Exoskeleton for Upper Limb Rehabilitation Train

2014 ◽  
Vol 701-702 ◽  
pp. 654-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Ji Liang Jiang ◽  
Li Yuan Zhang ◽  
Rui Rui Shen
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Motion Simulation ◽  
Upper Limb Rehabilitation ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Upper Limb Exoskeleton ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Kinematics Simulation ◽  
Motion Process ◽  
Limb Rehabilitation

A new upper limb exoskeleton mechanical structure for rehabilitation train and electric putters were used to drive the upper limb exoskeleton and kinematics simulation was carried. According to the characteristics of upper limb exoskeleton, program control and master - slave control two different ways were presented. Motion simulation analysis had been done by Pro/E Mechanism, the motion data of electric putter and major joints had been extracted. Based on the analysis of the movement data it can effectively guide the electric putter control and analysis upper limb exoskeleton motion process.

Mechanism Design and Simulation of the ULTRA Spine: A Tensegrity Robot

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Sabelhaus ◽  
Hao Ji ◽  
Patrick Hylton ◽  
Yakshu Madaan ◽  
ChanWoo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Inverse Kinematics ◽  
Gear Ratio ◽  
Forward Kinematics ◽  
Robot Design ◽  
Link Structure ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
Quadruped Robots ◽  
Ongoing Effort

The Underactuated Lightweight Tensegrity Robotic Assistive Spine (ULTRA Spine) project is an ongoing effort to create a compliant, cable-driven, 3-degree-of-freedom, underactuated tensegrity core for quadruped robots. This work presents simulations and preliminary mechanism designs of that robot. Design goals and the iterative design process for an ULTRA Spine prototype are discussed. Inverse kinematics simulations are used to develop engineering characteristics for the robot, and forward kinematics simulations are used to verify these parameters. Then, multiple novel mechanism designs are presented that address challenges for this structure, in the context of design for prototyping and assembly. These include the spine robot’s multiple-gear-ratio actuators, spine link structure, spine link assembly locks, and the multiple-spring cable compliance system.

Motion Simulation of a Deployable Concentrator

2013 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
pp. 399-402
Author(s):  
Lei Lei Wang ◽  
Jiang Ling Xia
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Design ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Motion Simulation ◽  
Motion Process ◽  
Folding State

To overcome the insufficient focusing efficiency of inflatable membrane solar concentrator after deployment, parametric design of a plurality of small size pre-forming reflection mirror was carried on by Pro/E software, and assembled into a mechanical concentrator structure. The expected motion process form folding state to working state was simulated. Unfolding trajectory curves and location curves are obtained. This will provide reference to deployable concentrator design and experiment.

Comparison of Inverse Kinematics Algorithms for Multi-Section Continuum Robots

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 420-424
Author(s):  
D. Yu. Kolpashchikov ◽  
O. M. Gerget
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Kinematics ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Forward Kinematics ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Continuum Robots ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Constant Section

Continuum robots are a unique type of robots that move due to the elastic deformation of their own body. Their flexible design allows them to bend at any point along their body, thus making them usable in workspaces with complex geometry and many obstacles. Continuum robots are used in industry for non-destructive testing and in medicine for minimally invasive procedures and examinations. The kinematics of continuum robots consisting of a single bending section are well known, as is the forward kinematics for multi-section continuum robots. There exist efficient algorithms for them. However, the problem of inverse kinematics for multi-section continuum robots is still relevant. The complexity of the inverse kinematics for multi-section continuum robots is quite high due to the nonlinearities of the robots’ motion. The article discusses in detail the modification of the FABRIK algorithm proposed by the authors, as well as a Jacobian-based iterative algorithm. A comparison of inverse kinematics algorithms for multi-section continuum robots with constant section length is given and the results of the experiment are described.

Robust and efficient forward, differential, and inverse kinematics using dual quaternions

2020 ◽  
pp. 027836492093194
Author(s):  
Neil T Dantam
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Kinematics ◽  
Forward Kinematics ◽  
Robot Kinematics ◽  
Dual Numbers ◽  
Dual Quaternion ◽  
Implicit Representation ◽  
Alternative Representation ◽  
Transformation Matrices ◽  
Dual Quaternions ◽  
Efficient Representation

Modern approaches for robot kinematics employ the product of exponentials formulation, represented using homogeneous transformation matrices. Quaternions over dual numbers are an established alternative representation; however, their use presents certain challenges: the dual quaternion exponential and logarithm contain a zero-angle singularity, and many common operations are less efficient using dual quaternions than with matrices. We present a new derivation of the dual quaternion exponential and logarithm that removes the singularity, we show an implicit representation of dual quaternions offers analytical and empirical efficiency advantages compared with both matrices and explicit dual quaternions, and we derive efficient dual quaternion forms of differential and inverse position kinematics. Analytically, implicit dual quaternions are more compact and require fewer arithmetic instructions for common operations, including chaining and exponentials. Empirically, we demonstrate a 30–40% speedup on forward kinematics and a 300–500% speedup on inverse position kinematics. This work relates dual quaternions with modern exponential coordinates and demonstrates that dual quaternions are a robust and efficient representation for robot kinematics.

Analyses of Error and Precision of 6-DOF Platform

2012 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 2081-2086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Ren ◽  
Chang Chun Ye ◽  
Guo Bin Fan
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Kinematics ◽  
Newton Iteration ◽  
Forward Kinematics ◽  
Parallel Mechanisms ◽  
End Effector ◽  
C Programming Language ◽  
C Programming ◽  
Manufacturing Tolerances ◽  
Parallel Robotics ◽  
Forward Kinematic

A particular subset of 6-DOF parallel mechanisms is known as Stewart platforms (or hexapod). Stewart platform characteristic analyzed in this paper is the effect of small errors within its elements (strut lengths, joint placement) which can be caused by manufacturing tolerances or setting up errors or other even unknown sources to end effector. The biggest kinematics problem is parallel robotics which is the forward kinematics. On the basis of forward kinematic of 6-DOF platform, the algorithm model was built by Newton iteration, several computer programs were written in the MATLAB and Visual C++ programming language. The model is effective and real-time approved by forwards kinematics, inverse kinematics iteration and practical experiment. Analyzing the resource of error, get some related spectra map, top plat position and posture error corresponding every error resource respectively. By researching and comparing the error spectra map, some general results is concluded.

Inverse Kinematics of Discretely-Actuated Manipulators Within a Bounded Grid Element

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanne C. Kemeny ◽  
Raymond J. Cipra
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Kinematics ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Robotic Manipulators ◽  
Forward Kinematics ◽  
End Effector ◽  
Grid Element ◽  
The Third ◽  
Inverse Kinematics Problem

Discretely-actuated manipulators are defined in this paper as serial planar chains of many links and are an alternative to traditional robotic manipulators, where continuously variable actuators are replaced with discrete, or digital actuators. Benefits include reduced weight and complexity, and predictable manipulation at lower cost. Challenges to using digital manipulators are the discrete end-effector positions which make the inverse kinematics problem difficult to solve. Furthermore, for a specific application position in the manipulator workspace, there may not be an actual end-effector position. This research has relaxed the inverse kinematics problem around this challenge making each application position an element of a grid in which the end effector must reach. There may be many possible end-effector positions that would reach the element goal, the solution uses the first one that is found. The inverse kinematics solution assumes the assembly configuration of the digital manipulator is already solved specifically for the application grid. The Jacobian function, normally used to solve joint velocities, can be used to identify the exact shift vectors that are used for the inverse kinematics. Three methods to solve this problem are discussed and the third method was implemented as a four-part solution that is a directed and manipulated search for the inverse kinematics solution where all four solutions may be needed. A discussion of forward kinematics and the Jacobian function in relation to digital manipulators is also presented.

Kinematics Simulation Analysis of Turn-Milling Center Based on Virtual Prototype

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 683-686
Author(s):  
Li Da Zhu ◽  
Jia Ying Pei ◽  
Tian Biao Yu ◽  
Wan Shan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Design ◽  
Inverse Kinematics ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Forward Kinematics ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Kinematics Simulation ◽  
Physical Prototype ◽  
Motion Characteristics ◽  
Turn Milling

In order to analyze the motion characteristics of turn-milling center, it’s prototype is modeled and spiral motion is simulated and analyzed to get curves of displacement and velocity in forward kinematics and inverse kinematics. The rationality and applicability of mechanism design is verificated to provide the basis of fast optimized design of turn-milling center. So the method can forecast and improve before physical prototype manufacturing to ensure design feasibility and save development time.

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