scholarly journals University cities’ evolution in context of human capital accumulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Olga I. Gevorgyan ◽  
Nikolay N. Minaev ◽  
Ekaterina A. Zharova
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Parallel Analysis ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
Human Capital Accumulation ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

In the context of global competition, attracting and retaining talent is the most important common goal of universities and cities. Universities have long played an important role in the competitiveness of cities, regions and the country as a whole, as they contribute to the accumulation of human capital. The interaction of the city and the university can be observed from the time of their formation. In this paper, the authors considered a parallel analysis of the development (evolution) of two different socio-economic systems such as the university and the city from antiquity to the present. Based on this analysis, we can conclude that universities have played a significant role in the development of cities, and cities, in turn, have led to the emergence and development of universities. The role of universities was that they were both centers of education and centers of research. It was within the framework of universities that the results of scientific research appeared, which moved cities up in evolution.

English Apprenticeship: A Neglected Factor in the First Industrial Revolution

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Humphries
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Contract Enforcement ◽  
Human Capital Accumulation ◽  
Poor Children

This chapter examines the role of apprenticeship in the British Industrial Revolution. The apprenticeship system contributed in four ways. First, it provided training of necessary skills in the expanding area of employment and newer sectors. Second, it promoted efficient training among masters and men. Third, it reduced the transaction costs involved in transferring resources from agriculture to non-agriculture and facilitated the expansion of sectors which promoted trade and commerce. Finally, apprenticeship saved poor children from social exclusion and enabled them to become more productive adults. The chapter also suggests that the apprenticeship system also created a structure of contract enforcement which ensured that both masters and trainees would derive the benefits from human capital accumulation.

Path from human capital to economic growth: A free highway or a complicated labyrinth?

2017 ◽  
pp. 5-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Lyubimov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Education Policy ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Human Capital Accumulation ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Property Rights Protection

In this paper, we consider a number of causes which can potentially explain why human capital accumulation policies might have limited effect on economic growth. Mixed empirical results can be found in the literature, both supporting and questioning the key role of human capital as an important cause of economic growth. We focus on the latter and start from pointing at inaccurate indicators of human capital accumulation, such as the average years of schooling, which might not reflect with acceptable level of accuracy the level of human capital accumulated in a particular economy. We then consider the role of other causes of economic growth, such as property rights protection or financial markets development, which might affect the demand for human capital, thus potentially limiting the effect of a policy affecting the supply of human capital. We then discuss the efficiency of human capital distribution among various activities in a particular economy and argue that the way the economy uses its human capital stock might matter for its growth rates. Finally we point at potential flaws in education policy, which might result in slow accumulation of human capital.

scholarly journals Factor Model of Human Capital Accumulation in the Context of Global Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 01012
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Zharova ◽  
Nickolay Minaev ◽  
Olga Gevorgyan
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Human Capital Accumulation ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
Economic Formation

The transition to the fourth industrial revolution and the digital economy leads to a new socio-economic formation. In the new society, the place and role of human capital in the system of factors that ensure the socio-economic development of territories are being rethought. Human capital is becoming one of the key elements that ensure the sustainable development of territories and increase their global competitiveness. The increasing role of human capital creates a need to develop effective mechanisms for managing its accumulation and use, which requires systematic research of factors that affect this process. To solve this problem, the team of authors formed a factor model of the territory’s human capital accumulation in the context of global challenges and responses to them. The generated model was developed in such a way as to reflect the system of factors, as well as the nature of their influence and relationship.

scholarly journals GENES, LEGITIMACY AND HYPERGAMY: ANOTHER LOOK AT THE ECONOMICS OF MARRIAGE

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Saint-Paul
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Human Capital Accumulation ◽  
Marriage Markets ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Mating Opportunities ◽  
The City ◽  
Distribution Of Income

Abstract:In order to credibly “sell” legitimate children to their spouse, women must forego more attractive mating opportunities. This paper derives the implications of this observation for the pattern of matching in marriage markets, the dynamics of human capital accumulation, and the evolution of the gene pool. A key consequence of the trade-off faced by women is that marriage markets will naturally tend to behypergamous– that is, a marriage is more likely to be beneficial to both parties relative to remaining single, the greater the man’s human capital, and the lower the woman’s human capital. As a consequence, it is shown that the equilibrium can only be of two types. In the “Victorian” type, all agents marry somebody of the same rank in the distribution of income. In the “Sex and the City” (SATC) type, women marry men who are better ranked than themselves. There is a mass of unmarried men at the bottom of the distribution of human capital, and a mass of single women at the top of that distribution. It is shown that the economy switches from a Victorian to an SATC equilibrium as inequality goes up.The model sheds light on how marriage affects the returns to human capital for men and women. Absent marriage, these returns are larger for women than for men but the opposite may occur if marriage prevails. Finally, it is shown that the institution of marriage may or may not favour human capital accumulation depending on how genes affect one’s productivity at accumulating human capital.

Human capital accumulation: the role of human resource development

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (2/3/4) ◽  
pp. 48-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas N. Garavan ◽  
Michael Morley ◽  
Patrick Gunnigle ◽  
Eammon Collins
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Resource Development ◽  
Human Capital Accumulation

Human Capital Accumulation and Resource Abundance

2011 ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
O. Vasilieva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Human Capital Accumulation ◽  
Resource Abundance ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Crowd Out

Does resource abundance positively affect human capital accumulation? Or, alternatively, does it «crowd out» the human capital leading to the deterioration of economic growth? The paper gives an overview of the relevant literature and discusses both theoretical and empirical results obtained regarding the connection between human capital accumulation and resource abundance. It shows that despite some theoretical predictions about the harmful effect of resource abundance on human capital accumulation, unambiguous evidence of such impact that would be robust with respect to the change of resource abundance parameter has not been obtained yet.

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