Legal status and labor legal entity in the science of labor law

The article is de-voted to the category of legal status and labor legal personality in the science of labor law, represents the ratio of the terms “person” and “personality”. Legal personality is a fundamental legal category because it determines the ability of a person to own the law. Legal personality is a developing legal property that reflects the specifics of social relations, the peculiarities of socio-economic formation, determine the place of the individual in society as a whole, and the field of a particular branch of law in particular. The realities of a market economy objectively necessitate a clear definition of legal personality as a fundamental legal category in the field of labor law to ensure the priority of contractual regulation of legal relations on the use of hired labor and, at the same time, effective implementation of the protective function of labor law. The author singles out three types of legal status: general (single) legal status for all citizens of our state; general status for all employees (employees); special or special status for certain categories of workers.Legal status is one of the central concepts of modern legal science, it was developed by many scholars of both the Soviet and modern periods. The author substantiates that the key elements of the legal status of the employee in labor relations are his legal personality. Particular attention is paid to the structure of the legal personality of the employee. It is proved that the legal capacity and capacity of the employee are the only indivisible phenomenon - legal personality. Substantiations are presented that the second necessary element of the legal personality of the employee is the ability to work. The current legal and legal status of the individual in almost the entire post-Soviet space is characterized by such features as extreme instability, weak legal protection, lack of reliable guarantee mechanisms, the inability of state authorities to effectively ensure the interests of citizens, their right to life, freedom, honor, dignity, property, security, equality, social justice and more.

Discussions about The Asian Mode of Production (The Political Economy of Socialism: The Cognitive Deadlock of The 1970s)

The paper examines the history of discussions about the Asian mode of production in the USSR, associated with understanding the nature of socialism. Initial interest in the Asian mode of production was associated with the national liberation movements in China and the Middle East, which were supported by the Comintern in the 1920s. The political and economic structure of these countries was not capitalist, but also not feudal. This required the actualization of Marx's ideas and the development of a political strategy to find allies of the communists. Discussions at this time were between supporters of the Asian mode of production and those who considered it a special version of slavery and feudalism. In the 1970s. there is a turn in the interpretation of the Asian way and understanding of socialism, associated with criticism of totalitarianism (Wittfogel) and the bourgeois top of the communist parties (Djilas, Voslensky). K.–A. Wittfogel was one of the first to transfer the concept of the Asian mode of production to the economies of the USSR and Nazi Germany, substantiating the phenomena of total terror, total submission and total alienation. He views Soviet socialism as an institutional mutant, a totalitarian version of state capitalism that has no future and is based on terror. Subsequently R.M. Nureev draws parallels with the Soviet economy in his work on pre-capitalist formations. An interpretation of socialism arises not as a new, advanced social order, but, on the contrary, as a society with backward, non-market institutions. Terror in this case does not play such an important role. The main thing is bureaucratic, non-economic redistribution of products and incomes. The Asian mode of production is considered by Marxists as a transitional method from a social formation to an economic (exploitative) one, and socialism is also a transitional method (from an economic formation to a social one). The transitional methods are characterized by common features – a mixture of advanced elements with backward ones. As a result, Nureev's research did not evoke such a negative attitude as the work of Wittfogel, Djilas, Voslensky. In the late 1970s – early 1980s the concept of «power – property» is formed, which reinforces this interpretation. The recognition of its truth is a delegitimization of the existing social order, and nevertheless, it is rapidly spreading among historians and political economists who adhere to the Marxist interpretation of social processes. This is a striking characteristic of the cognitive deadlock of the political economy of socialism, which, in fact, denies itself. Subsequently the concept of power – property is used to characterize the development trajectory of post-socialist states. Similar views on institutional evolution appear in the Western mainstream (D. North, D. Acemoglu). However, researchers have a «blind spot»: when applying the concept of power – property to Russia, they ignore the proliferation of oligarchy in rich countries. In this respect, the old Marxist approach continues to be relevant and radical in upholding democratic values

Development of the Theory of Formation of Safe Healthy Lifestyle Skills

Тhe work examines the sources of dangers that from ancient times people had to deal with phenomena, processes, events that posed a threat to their health, life, property or other values, while in different historical periods people’s attitude to these threats, nature and to themselves was different. In this regard, even such a relatively new concept as life safety culture has its own prehistory. It includes views, worldviews, teachings and concepts that largely influenced the formation and development of the category in question. To characterize the origins of the culture of life safety, it is necessary to analyze the historical transformation of the concepts of “threat”, “danger”, “security”, the meanings that have been invested in these concepts throughout the history of mankind. On the emergence of a new socio-economic formation, on the one hand, the legacy of the past, on the other, and their contradiction determine the choice of the goal of forming the skills of a healthy and safe lifestyle for schoolchildren. The needs of the new socio-economic system are priority ones, because they are aimed at the future.

HISTORICAL STAGES OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNAL CONTROL

The article highlights the views of scientists on the allocation of periods (stages) in the history of internal control, which differ in the following features: the emergence and development of socio – economic relations that existed at different times; diversification of objects and subjects of control; complicating the tasks of control over the different levels of development of productive forces and equipment of each society; specific methodological techniques. Thus, the first manifestations of control are observed during the period of primitive communal system. The period of slavery is considered the stage of the emergence of internal control. Characteristic of this period was physical coercion to work. In the period of the feudal system, the peculiarities of the development of socio-economic formation of European states are the distinction between external and internal audit, and accounting registers to reflect the facts of economic life, which served for entries in the accounts of the General Ledger. In addition, control activities were manifested in the movement of credit and settlement transactions between buyers, in settlements between buyers and banks, in production processes and private ownership of the means of production. The capitalist system of production did not require many special control bodies, and its functions were carried out directly by the owners of the means of production. The basis of capitalism was the private property of the bourgeoisie on the means of production, but not on the worker, who at that time received more freedom. It was during the communist formation that thorough work was carried out on the methodological support of internal economic control, but its active development began after the declaration of independence of Ukraine, by borrowing the foundations in foreign countries. Thus, the periodization presented in the article helps to trace the historical aspect of the development and formation of internal control as a control system as a whole, in a certain period of time in which.

Formation of innovation policy of the enterprise when entering international markets

Innovative processes are the foundation of the current method of management and a means of providing competitive advantages to individual enterprises (firms), industries, regions, countries. Strengthening the innovative orientation of the socio-economic formation of Ukraine seems to be a strategic task of the national financial policy, guidelines for the creation of a competitive state economy. A significant basis for the development of Ukraine’s competitive advantages in the international arena is the innovative activity of industrial production entities. The formation of innovative activities of current enterprises insists on the development of a fresh mechanism of interaction between producers and customers on the basis of coordination of their interests. Creators of innovative ideas and producers of innovative products (services) are obliged to anticipate the need for new goods, to encourage customers to use new technologies and new products in their activities. Therefore, the innovative activity of the enterprise as soon as possible must be used to use an effective tool – innovation management, which involves the use of tools, methods, technologies of management throughout the formation of innovation policy of the enterprise. The current circumstances of highly competitive markets necessitate the renewal and modernization of production technologies, development and production of new competitive products, the application of new approaches to management and organization of production, which can only guarantee investments aimed at innovation. Thus, the object of scientific research in the area of management of innovation investment processes is to identify more flexible opportunities for mobilization of financial resources and improve the mechanism of their direction to innovative development. Since the creation of innovation policy of the enterprise must focus on the market and the consumer, market research should be conducted, which should be preceded by a thorough study of the innovative product.

Israel’s settler-colonialism as a global security paradigm

Israeli surveillance industries are well integrated in the global surveillance market. This incorporation is achieved through marketisation, labour processes and the circulation of capital. Even Israel has been considered by many as a successful securitising model. In this article, it is argued that this success is the outcome of several factors, including the shared premises of Israel’s settler-colonial regime and neoliberal data-based globalised capitalism, which has become a leading sector in the current economic formation. Furthermore, it reflects the advent of the securitising states and concurrently the rise of the security-industrial complex in the US and, to a lesser degree, in Europe. Yet, the acceptance of Israeli-settler colonial surveillance methods and Weltanschauung as a model points to the erosion of hitherto cherished values such as privacy, trust, autonomy, care and solidarity.

The role and impact methods of state on economic in transition period

In this article is discussed the transformation process and state's economic role under the transition period. This article also deals with the main objectives and goals of state regulations, the peculiarities on countries socio-economic formation and procedures of institutional transformation. Government's role in economic development is changing during the transition period. The main important issues that must be set is strictly centralized state regulations and forms that is completely new system in economic management, that should be achieved through the elimination of state's domination over the economic system, strengthening privatization process and so on. It's true that government's dominating power should be eliminated but establishing new marketing - institutional environment and market culture should be developed only under the state's active legislative, coordinative and stimulating control.Theoretical basis of the article represents the researches of foreign scientists, economists and international organization. The methodological basis of the article is based on economic analysis, comparison, grouping methods. While preparing the article, modern experimental methods and model of macroeconomic researches, also researches and statistical data, approaches and methodology of several international organizations were widely used.

Accounting information as the basis for strategic management of agricultural enterprises

A key place in economic theory belongs to learning about the position of immediate creators, i.e. producers of goods in every socio-economic formation. This position and all relations in production and society depend significantly on the historical form of production of excess work and the way of appropriating excess work. Therefore, for analysis of the modern way of commodity agroproduction, it is necessary to dispose of information that is the basis for decision-making at the strategic level. This type of information is characterized by the accounting information system as one of the main sources of business information. For the subject of this work, we will take the modern way of agroproduction and creation of excess value, which in recent times, especially after the global economic crisis, is gaining increasing significance in both economic theory and economic reality.

MAPPING OF AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES OF THE OUTLIER FOREST-STEPPE BASED ON GEOINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH

The search for new mechanisms of crop growing modernization was initiated by post-Soviet change of the socio-economic formation, rejection of the virgin-land holistic principle of organizing agriculture with its wheat invariant, as well as transition from the extensive zonal system to adaptive landscape and precision agriculture. Above all, this refers to agricultural landscapes of the forest steppe zone of North Kazakhstan, which is the oldest region of the country’s dryland farming. The article deals with a relevant direction of agrolandscape research – geoinformation agrolandscape mapping with the use of aerial photography materials from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). The aim of the work is to prepare optimal cartographic support for effective agricultural production in light of agricultural intensification in the region and depletion of natural fertility resources. Modern methods of geoinformation agrolandscape mapping have been used, their effectiveness is shown through the example of key areas. The features of the landscape structure of outlier forest steppe agrolandscapes have been identified with the help of utilitarian agroecological typology of land; the types of basic geoinformation cartographic materials to be used in precision agriculture have been defined. We consider it possible for the agrolandscape mapping experience to be extended to other farms of the region, which would ensure productive agricultural management.