Radiographic Study of Haematogenous Septic Arthritis in Dairy Calves

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (04) ◽  
pp. 252-260
Author(s):  
Isabelle Masseau ◽  
Marie Babkine ◽  
Sylvain Nichols ◽  
David Francoz ◽  
Gilles Fecteau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Bone Lysis

Objectives (1) To develop an evaluation grid to provide a systematic interpretation of calves' articular radiographs, (2) to describe radiographic lesions of septic arthritis in dairy calves less than 6 months of age, (3) to investigate potential associations between demographic data or synovial bacteriological culture results and radiographic lesions (4) to determine whether an association is present between radiographic lesions, their severity and the long-term outcome. Methods Medical records of 54 calves less than 180 days old treated for septic arthritis between 2009 and 2014 with radiographic images performed in the first 2 days after admission were reviewed. Results Most common radiographic findings were increased articular joint space height (n = 49), irregularity of the articular surfaces (n = 24) and subchondral bone lysis (n = 24). The number of lesions observed and their severity were associated with older calves (p = 0.02), increased time between onset of clinical signs and admission (p = 0.0001) and the culture of Trueperella pyogenes within the joint (p = 0.02). The radiographic lesions associated with negative long-term prognosis were reduction in the joint space height (p = 0.01) and subchondral bone lysis on weight-bearing surfaces (p = 0.02). Clinical Significance An evaluation grid designed for veterinarians can facilitate systematic reading of articular radiographs and can be used for dairy calves with a presumptive diagnosis of septic arthritis. This diagnostic tool may aid in establishing a prognosis and decision-making process in terms of treatment.

Tibiotarsal arthroscopy

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Beale ◽  
J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Joint Stability ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Long Term Outcome

SummaryThe objective of this retrospective article was to describe the use of, and to determine long-term outcome of, tibiotarsal arthroscopy in dogs. The medical records of 20 client-owned dogs with tibiotarsal joint disease with arthroscopic treatment were reviewed. Long-term follow-up evaluation of lameness, force plate gait analysis, and radiographs to assess progression of degenerative joint disease (DJD) were performed. Arthroscopy was utilized in the diagnosis of talar osteochondritis dissecans (OCD), collateral ligament injury, septic arthritis, immune mediated arthritis, and a distal talar fragment. Sixteen joints with OCD treated resulted in 10/14 dogs with lameness after exercise only, progression of DJD in most cases, and chronic lameness when comparing operated to unoperated limbs with force plate evaluation at a mean follow-up of 35 months. Following treatment, three dogs with collateral ligament injury had reduced weight bearing on the operated limb, radiographic progression of DJD, and minimal lameness at a mean follow-up of 27 months. Tibiotarsal arthroscopy can be successfully used to help diagnose, and often to treat: OCD, collateral ligament injury, fractures, septic and non-septic arthritis in the dog. The minimally invasive nature of arthroscopy preserved joint stability while allowing complete examination of the articular cartilage. In most cases long term tibiotarsal DJD advancement was the rule.

Cauda equina syndrome treated by lumbosacral stabilisation in a cat

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (05) ◽  
pp. 462-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Cariou ◽  
A. F. Petite ◽  
R. M. Rayward ◽  
C. K. Störk
Keyword(s):  
Cauda Equina Syndrome ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pelvic Limb

SummaryIn this case report, a case of cauda equina syndrome arising from lumbosacral disease in an eight-year-old Burmese cat is described. The cat had a history of chronic right pelvic limb lameness. Neurological evaluation was consistent with a lesion involving the cauda equina. Radiographic findings were consistent with a diagnosis of lumbosacral disease. Due to perceived dorsoventral lumbosacral instability, dorsal decompression and stabilisation of the lumbosacral junction was performed. An original method of spinal stabilisation for this indication is described. The cat had a successful long-term outcome with complete resolution of its presenting clinical signs.

Force Plate Analysis of Dogs with Bilateral Hip Dysplasia Treated with a Unilateral Triple Pelvic Osteotomy: A Long-term Review of Cases

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne R. Cockshutt ◽  
H. Dobson ◽  
C. W. Miller ◽  
D. L. Holmberg ◽  
Connie L. Taves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pelvic Osteotomy ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Case Series Study

SummaryA retrospective case series study was done to determine the long-term outcome of operations upon dogs treated for canine hip dysplasia by means of a triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO). Twentyfour dogs with bilateral hip dysplasia, that received a unilateral TPO between January 1988 and June 1995, were re-examined at the Ontario Veterinary College. The assessment included physical, orthopedic and lameness examinations, standard blood work, pelvic radiographs and force plate gait analysis. They were compared to bilaterally dysplastic dogs that had not been treated, and also to normal dogs. Force plate data analysis demonstrated a significant increase in peak vertical force (PVF) and mean vertical force over stance (MVF) in the limb that underwent surgical correction by means of a TPO, when compared to the unoperated hip. It was determined that performing a unilateral TPO on a young dysplastic dog resulted in greater forces and weight bearing being projected through the TPO corrected limb when compared to the unoperated limb.Dogs with bilateral hip dysplasia treated with a unilateral triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) were assessed by force plate gait analysis, radiographs and orthopedic examination. There was a significant increase in hip Norberg angles over time, although degenerative changes did progress. Limbs that had been operated upon had significantly greater peak and mean ground reaction forces than limbs that had not received an operation.

Clinical characteristics and long-term outcome of lung lobe torsions in cats: a review of 10 cases (2000–2021)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1098612X2110548
Author(s):  
Catherine Tindale ◽  
Filippo Cinti ◽  
Matteo Cantatore ◽  
Alistair Freeman ◽  
Leonardo Cavaliere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraoperative Complications ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
Lung Lobes

Case series summary Lung lobe torsion is rare in cats. The aim of this multi-institution retrospective study was to describe clinical and diagnostic findings, treatments and outcomes of lung lobe torsion (LLT) in 10 cats. Dyspnoea and tachypnoea were the most common clinical signs. Pleural effusion was present in nine cats at presentation. Fluid analysis confirmed chylothorax in three cats. Nine cats underwent CT and five cats had thoracic radiographs taken. A diagnosis was made preoperatively in six cats, while in the other four cats it was made at exploratory thoracotomy. Affected lung lobes were the right cranial (n = 4/11), left cranial (n = 4/11) and right middle (n = 3/11). One cat had a concurrent torsion of two lung lobes. Lung lobectomy was successfully performed in all cases. Based on clinical, diagnostic and lung histopathology findings, three cats had idiopathic and seven cats secondary LLT. Intraoperative complications included hypotension and hypothermia in four and five cats, respectively. Postoperative complications occurred in six cats and lead to euthanasia or death in four cats, whereas complications resolved in the other two cats. Three cats were euthanased within 5 weeks of discharge. For the three cats surviving long term, including one euthanased at 252 days postoperatively, owner-described outcomes and quality of life were considered good to excellent. Relevance and novel information Secondary LLT associated with underlying thoracic pathology was associated with high complication rates and poor outcomes. Long-term outcomes of cats undergoing surgery for LLT and surviving the perioperative period were deemed good to excellent.

scholarly journals Relationship between osteophyte and arthroscopic findings in osteoarthritis of ankle

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0027
Author(s):  
Munekazu Kanemitsu ◽  
Tomoyuki Nakasa ◽  
Mikiya Sawa ◽  
Masahiro Yoshikawa ◽  
Yusuke Tsuyuguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Arthroscopic Surgery ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Cartilage Injury ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Tibiotalar Joint ◽  
Arthroscopic Findings ◽  
Articular Cartilage Injury ◽  
Mortise View

Category: Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Mortise view weight-bearing radiograph is widely used for the diagnosis of osteoarthritis of ankle. Thickness of the articular cartilage cannot be accurately evaluated in the evaluation of joint space from weight-bearing radiograph, because lateral tibiotalar joint space is maintained in valgus type osteoarthritis in some cases. There are few reports on the relation between osteophyte and the articular cartilage injury. We considered that it might be possible to estimate the cartilage injury more accurately by examining osteophytes. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the location and grade of osteophytes in weight-bearing radiograph and cartilage injury in arthroscopic findings was analyzed. Methods: Twenty-one anklets of 21 patients consisted of 10 males and 10 females, with mean age of 61.4 years (31-79 years), who underwent arthroscopic surgery for osteoarthritis in our department were included. Weight-bearing radiograph were taken before surgery. Location and grade of osteophytes were evaluated using Ankle and Hindfoot Radiographic Osteoarthritis Scoring reported by Kraus et al. Arthroscopic findings were evaluated with International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) Grade at a total of 20 sites (9 areas of tibia and talar in tibiotalar joint, medial malleolus and lateral malleolus). The correlation between radiographic findings and arthroscopic findings were analyzed. Results: In Mortise view, strong correlations were found between lateral tibial osteophyte grade and ICRS grade of the center (talus R = 0.69, tibia R = 0.76), the central lateral (tibia R = 0.79), the posterior center (talus R = 0.72, tibia R = 0.74) and the posterior lateral of the tibiotalar joint (talus R = 0.63, tibia R = 0.76). There are moderate correlations between distal fibular osteophyte grade and ICRS grade of the medial inner (tibia R = 0.74) and the posterior medial of the tibiotalar joint (talus R = 0.61, tibia = 0.63). In lateral view, there are moderate correlations between posterior talar osteophyte grade and ICRS grade at the center of the tibiotalar joint (talus R = 0.61, tibia R = 0.60). Conclusion: From this study, there was a strong correlation between location and grade osteophyte and the articular cartilage injury. Osteoarthritis progression is caused by degeneration of the cartilage because of the joint instability, and osteophytes were formed by traction force or impaction. This study showed that local cartilage injury is thought to be related to osteophytes. By evaluating the location and size of osteophytes, the articular cartilage injury might be predicted accurately before arthroscopic surgery.

Displacement of an Ununited Medial Humeral Condylar Ossification Centre in the Cat

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (02) ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Kerstin Erles ◽  
Thomas Maddox ◽  
Andy Morris
Keyword(s):  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Distal Humerus ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
Ossification Centre ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Similar Appearance ◽  
The Right

AbstractA 2-year-old cat was presented with the complaint of acute-onset non–weight-bearing lameness of the right forelimb. When examined, the cat was of short stature and had multiple joint and cartilaginous abnormalities suggestive of chondrodysplasia. The cause of the acute lameness was radiographically identified as a displaced osseous fragment from the medial portion of the right humeral condyle. The features of the osseous fragment were consistent with an ununited medial condylar ossification centre of the distal humerus. Furthermore, a nondisplaced ununited ossified fragment of similar appearance and size was present in the contralateral elbow. Surgical treatment by excision of the displaced fragment resulted in a preinjury level of limb function in the long-term outcome evaluation.

scholarly journals Chopart Joint Injuries – 10-Year Results in 75 Cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011417S0003
Author(s):  
Stefan Rammelt
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Posttraumatic Arthritis ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Chopart Joint ◽  
Fracture Dislocations ◽  
Foot Function

Category: Hindfoot, Midfoot/Forefoot, Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Fractures and dislocations at the mid-tarsal (Chopart) joints have a relatively low incidence but a highly variable clinical presentation. They are among the most commonly overlooked or misinterpreted injuries to the human body with potentially deleterious consequences for global foot function. There are only few reports available on the long-term outcome of operative treatment following a standardized protocol in these injuries. Methods: From 1994 to 2009 a total of 122 patients with mid-tarsal fractures and fracture-dislocations were entered into a pospective database. Injury patterns, comorbidities, treatment, and complications were documented. Seventy-three patients with 75 Chopart fracture-dislocations were available for follow-up treatment at an average of 10 years (range, 4-18 years). Mean patient age was 37.6 years, 68.5% were male. Foot function was assessed with the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot score, the Foot-Function-Index (FFI-D) and the SF-36 physical and mental component summary scores. Weight-bearing radiographs were obtained to assess alignment and posttraumatic arthritis. Results: Motor-vehicle-accidents accounted for 53.4% of injuries, The navicular and cuboid bones were fractured more than twice as often as the talar head and anterior process of the calcaneus. In 54.7% of cases more than one of these bones was fractured. 29.3% of the patients were polytraumatized, another 26.7% had accopmanying injuries to the same foot. At latest followup the AOFAS score averaged 71.5, the FFI averaged 26.9, and the mean SF-36 physical and mental summary scores were 43.5 and 51.2, respectively. Negative prognostic factors were a high ISS, work-related accidents, open injuries, multiple fractures and purely ligamentous dislocations (4%) at the Chopart joint, two-step operations, delay of treatment for more than 4 weeks, postoperative infection, closed reduction and the use of primary or secondary arthrodeses. Conclusion: Fractures and fracture-dislocations at the Chopart joint are rare but severe injuries to the foot that lead to lasting functional restrictions in most cases in the long term. Purely ligamentous dislocations have the worst prognosis while injuries with fractures of a single bone have a better prognosis with open reduction and anatomical internal fixation. Fusions should be restricted to cases with completely destroyed joint surfaces.

Short- and Long-Term Outcome of Dogs Following Surgical Correction of a Persistent Right Aortic Arch

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingar A. Krebs ◽  
Shauna Lindsley ◽  
Stephanie Shaver ◽  
Catriona MacPhail
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Right Aortic Arch ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Owner Satisfaction ◽  
Time Of Presentation

This study reports the survival to discharge, postdischarge survival, and long-term outcome of dogs following surgical correction of a persistent right aortic arch (PRAA). Information for 52 dogs, 28 dogs, and 23 dogs was available for analysis of survival to discharge, postdischarge survival, and long-term outcome, respectively. Ninety-two percent of dogs survived to the time of discharge and 18% of dogs surviving to discharge were euthanized within 2 mo of surgery. Breed, age at the time of presentation, and gender were not correlated with increased odds of death prior to discharge from the hospital. Long-term outcome for dogs was excellent in 30%, good in 57%, and poor in 13% of dogs. Although this study shows a relatively high mortality rate prior to discharge from the hospital and within 2 mo of surgical treatment, the long-term outcome is good or excellent in 87% of survivors. Dogs frequently display either residual clinical signs or require dietary modification long-term, but owner satisfaction is high.

Haematogenous septic arthritis in foals: Short- and long-term outcome and analysis of factors affecting prognosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 328-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wright ◽  
C. T. Ekstrøm ◽  
M. Kristoffersen ◽  
C. Lindegaard
Keyword(s):  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Delayed Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis Following Septic Arthritis of a Hip: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilesh Barwar ◽  
Ankit Rai
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Keywords Hip ◽  
Initial Radiograph ◽  
Hip Motion

Introduction: Delayed slip of the capital femoral epiphysis is a rare entity in the setting of a septic hip. Case Report: A 13-year-old male presented with an inability to walk and pain around right hip and knee region with fever. On imaging evaluation, a diagnosis of septic hip and knee arthritis was made and both the joints were drained under general anesthesia by anterior approach and an empirical antibiotic therapy was started. On the initial radiograph, there was no sign of slippage of the capital femoral epiphysis. Although the limb was kept in an immobilized position in the 1st week of the surgical debridement, yet it did not prevent the subsequent development of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). Open reduction and screw fixation was done to stabilize the slippage. Healing took place with reduction of joint space with some restriction of the hip motion. Conclusion: SCFE is a disastrous complication in association with septic arthritis of a hip. Routine traction and immobilization may not prevent slippage. Disproportionate amount of pain on weight bearing in a post septic hip should raise the suspicion of SCFE. Prophylactic pinning may be considered in selective cases with antibiotic coverage. Keywords: Hip sepsis, septic sequelae, slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

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