Correlation of Nuclear Morphometry with Clinicopathologic Parameters in Malignant Breast Aspirates

Abstract Background Nuclear size, shape, chromatin pattern, and nucleolar size and number have all been reported to change in breast cancer. Aim The aim of the study was to quantify nuclear changes on malignant breast aspirates using morphometry and to correlate the morphometric parameters with clinicopathologic features such as cytologic grade, tumor size, lymph node status, mitotic index, and histopathologic grade. Materials and Methods Forty-five cases of carcinoma breast diagnosed on cytology were included in this study. Cytologic grading was performed as per the Robinson’s cytologic grading system. Nuclear morphometry was done on Papanicolaou stained smears. One hundred nonoverlapping cells per case were evaluated. Both geometrical and textural parameters were evaluated. Results Comparison of cytologic grades with most morphometric features (nuclear area, perimeter, shape, long axis, short axis, intensity, total run length, and TI homogeneity) was highly significant on statistical analysis. Correlation with tumor size yielded significant results for nuclear area, perimeter, long and short axes, and intensity with p < 0.05. The study of lymph node status and morphometry showed a highly significant statistical association with all the parameters. Mitotic count was significantly associated with all the geometric parameters and one textural parameter (total run length). On correlation of ductal carcinoma in situ and histopathological Grades 1 to 3 with morphometry, it was found that all the parameters except long–run emphasis were highly significant with p < 0.001. Conclusion Morphometry as a technique holds immense promise in prognostication in breast carcinoma.

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Correlation of Nuclear Morphometry with Clinicopathologic Parameters in Malignant Breast Aspirates

South Asian Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1731583 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shivani Kalhan ◽

Shilpa Garg ◽

Rahul Satarkar ◽

Puja Sharma ◽

Sonia Hasija ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Mitotic Count ◽

Lymph Node Status ◽

Run Length ◽

Node Status ◽

Long Run ◽

Malignant Breast ◽

Clinicopathologic Parameters

Abstract Objectives The primary objective of this study was to correlate nuclear morphometric parameters with clinicopathologic features such as cytologic grade, tumor size, lymph node status, mitotic index, and histopathologic grade. Secondary objective was to quantify nuclear changes on malignant breast aspirates using morphometry. Material and Methods Forty-five cases of carcinoma breast diagnosed on cytology were included in this study. These were graded into cytologic grades 1, 2, and 3 as per Robinson’s cytologic grading system.Nuclear morphometry was done in all cases on smears stained with Papanicolaou stain.Clinicopathologic parameters including cytological grade, tumor size, lymph node status, mitotic count, and histological grade were correlated with nuclear morphometric parameters, namely, area, perimeter, shape, long axis, short axis, intensity, long-run emphasis, total run length, and T1 homogeneity. Results There were 9 cases in cytologic grade 1, 26 in grade 2, and 10 cases in cytologic grade 3. Histopathology showed 42 cases of infiltrating duct carcinoma, not otherwise specified (IDC, NOS) and 3 cases (6.7%) of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). IDC (NOS) included 6, 27, and 9 cases in grades 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Majority of our cases had a tumor size less than 5 cm (n = 38, 84.4%) and had positive nodes (n = 30, 66.7%). Correlation of cytologic and histopathologic grades (including DCIS) with all morphometric features except long-run emphasis was statistically significant. Correlation of morphometry with tumor size yielded significant results for nuclear area, perimeter, long and short axes, and intensity with p < 0.05. Study of lymph node status (positive/negative) versus morphometry showed a highly significant statistical association with all the geometric as well as textural parameters. Mitotic count was significantly associated with all the geometric parameters and one textural parameter (total run length). Statistics Continuous variables were presented as mean ± standard deviation and compared using the two-tailed, independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance test. Tests were performed at significance level of 0.05. Conclusion Morphometry is an objective technique which holds immense promise in prognostication in breast carcinoma.

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Prognostic factors for survival from esophageal carcinoma (ECA) in the United States: The effect of tumor size and lymph node status

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)81261-0 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A255-A255

Author(s):

M ELOUBEIDI ◽

R DESMOND ◽

C WILCOX

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Esophageal Carcinoma ◽

Tumor Size ◽

The United States ◽

Lymph Node Status ◽

Node Status

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Pathologic analysis of tumor size and lymph node status in multifocal/multicentric breast carcinoma

Cancer ◽

10.1002/cncr.10331 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 94 (5) ◽

pp. 1383-1390 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

Aleodor A. Andea ◽

Tracie Wallis ◽

Lisa A. Newman ◽

David Bouwman ◽

Jyotirmoy Dey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Breast Carcinoma ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Lymph Node Status ◽

Node Status ◽

Pathologic Analysis

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The correlation between tumor size, lymph node status, distant metastases and mortality in rectal cancer patients without neoadjuvant therapy

Journal of Cancer ◽

10.7150/jca.52165 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 1616-1622

Author(s):

Dakui Luo ◽

Zezhi Shan ◽

Qi Liu ◽

Sanjun Cai ◽

Yanlei Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rectal Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Neoadjuvant Therapy ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Lymph Node Status ◽

Node Status

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Sentinel Node Status and Tumor Characteristics: A Study of 234 Invasive Breast Carcinomas

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2005-129-82-snsatc ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 129 (1) ◽

pp. 82-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ying Cao ◽

Gladell P. Paner ◽

Prabha B. Rajan

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Lymphovascular Invasion ◽

Frozen Section ◽

Paraffin Section ◽

Lymph Node Status ◽

Axillary Lymph ◽

Breast Carcinomas ◽

Node Status ◽

Size Grade

Abstract Context.—Axillary lymph node status is the most important prognostic factor in patients with breast cancer. Tumor size and lymph node status, the most reliable pathologic bases of the tumor staging system, are practical parameters for estimating survival status. With the advent of lymphatic mapping and sentinel node (SN) identification, there is potential for a more efficient and sensitive evaluation of the axillary lymph node status. Objective.—To correlate SN status with tumor size, grade, and lymphovascular invasion. Design.—We examined 234 patients with unifocal breast carcinomas measuring 25 mm or less as detected by preoperative ultrasound during the period May 1998 through December 2002. Sentinel nodes were examined by frozen section and paraffin section as per protocol. Results.—Of the 234 patients, SN was identified in 221 (94.5%). An average of 1.38 SNs were examined per patient. Seventy-seven of 221 patients were SN positive on paraffin section. Sixty-six (85.7%) of these 77 cases could be correctly diagnosed as positive for metastatic carcinoma on frozen section. Two cases reported as positive on paraffin section were reported as suspicious on frozen section. Logistic regression indicated that tumor size, grade, and lymphovascular invasion were all significantly associated with SN status (P < .001). Conclusions.—Tumor size, grade, and lymphovascular invasion were significantly associated with SN status in unifocal invasive breast carcinoma.

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Neopterin Is an Independent Prognostic Variable in Females with Breast Cancer

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/45.11.1998 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 45 (11) ◽

pp. 1998-2004 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

Christian Murr ◽

Anton Bergant ◽

Martin Widschwendter ◽

Kurt Heim ◽

Hans Schröcksnadel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Cell Immune Response ◽

Lymph Node Status ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Node Status ◽

Urinary Neopterin

Abstract Background: Neopterin, produced by human monocytes/macrophages upon stimulation by interferon-γ, is a sensitive marker for monitoring Th1-cell immune response in humans. In malignant diseases, the frequency of increases in neopterin in the serum and urine of patients depends on tumor stage and type. Methods: In a retrospective study comprising 129 females with breast cancer, urinary neopterin/creatinine ratios were measured at the time of diagnosis. Tumor characteristics were determined concomitantly. Results: Urinary neopterin was increased in 18% of the patients. It did not correlate with tumor size or lymph node status, but it was influenced by the presence of distant metastases (P <0.05) and by tumor differentiation (P = 0.01). When product-limit estimates were calculated after follow-up for up to 13 years (median follow-up, 56 months), the presence of distant metastases (P <0.001), neopterin (P <0.001), tumor size (P = 0.001), and lymph node status (P <0.01) were significant predictors of survival. By multivariate analysis, a combination of the variables presence of distant metastases (P <0.001), neopterin (P <0.01), and lymph node status (P <0.05) was found to jointly predict survival. In lymph node-negative patients without distant metastases, the relative risk of death associated with increased neopterin concentrations was 2.5 compared with patients with neopterin concentrations within the reference interval. Conclusion: Urinary neopterin provides additional prognostic information in patients with breast cancer.

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