Efficiency of si-RNA-mediated knock-down of beta-catenin in primary cultured rat Schwann cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (S 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Gess ◽  
H Halfter ◽  
P Young
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Beta Catenin ◽  
Knock Down ◽  
Si Rna

scholarly journals Characterisation of the RNA-interference pathway as a Tool for Genetics in the Nascent Phototrophic Endosymbiosis, Paramecium bursaria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin H. Jenkins ◽  
Finlay Maguire ◽  
Guy Leonard ◽  
Joshua D. Eaton ◽  
Steven West ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Paramecium Bursaria ◽  
Rnai Pathway ◽  
Knock Down ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Host Growth ◽  
Rna Pathways ◽  
Si Rna ◽  
Encoding Genes

ABSTRACTEndosymbiosis was fundamental for the evolution of eukaryotic complexity. Endosymbiotic interactions can be dissected through forward and reverse-genetic experiments, such as RNA-interference (RNAi). However, distinguishing small (s)RNA pathways in a eukaryote-eukaryote endosymbiotic interaction is challenging. Here, we investigate the repertoire of RNAi pathway protein-encoding genes in the model nascent endosymbiotic system, Paramecium bursaria–Chlorella spp. Using comparative genomics and transcriptomics supported by phylogentics, we identify essential proteome components of the small interfering (si)RNA, scan (scn)RNA, and internal eliminated sequence (ies)RNA pathways. Our analyses reveal that copies of these components have been retained throughout successive whole genome duplication (WGD) events in the Paramecium clade. We then validate feeding-induced siRNA-based RNAi in P. bursaria via knock-down of the splicing factor, u2af1, which we show to be crucial to host growth. Finally, using simultaneous knock-down paradox controls to rescue the effect u2af1 knock-down, we demonstrate that feeding-induced RNAi in P. bursaria is dependent upon a core pathway of host-encoded Dcr1, Piwi and Pds1 components. Our experiments confirm the presence of a functional, host-derived RNAi pathway in P. bursaria that generates 23-nt siRNA, validating use of the P. bursaria-Chlorella spp. system to investigate the genetic basis of a nascent endosymbiosis.

Differential regulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling by Liver X Receptors in Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes

2013 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghjuvan’Ghjacumu Shackleford ◽  
Joelle Makoukji ◽  
Julien Grenier ◽  
Philippe Liere ◽  
Delphine Meffre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Differential Regulation ◽  
Beta Catenin ◽  
Liver X Receptors ◽  
X Receptors

Corrigendum to “Differential regulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling by Liver X Receptors in Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes” [Biochem. Pharmacol. 86 (2013) 106–114]

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 113892
Author(s):  
Ghjuvan'Ghjacumu Shackleford ◽  
Joelle Makoukji ◽  
Julien Grenier ◽  
Philippe Liere ◽  
Delphine Meffre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Differential Regulation ◽  
Beta Catenin ◽  
Liver X Receptors ◽  
X Receptors

scholarly journals Novel E-cadherin-mediated adhesion in peripheral nerve: Schwann cell architecture is stabilized by autotypic adherens junctions.

1995 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Fannon ◽  
D L Sherman ◽  
G Ilyina-Gragerova ◽  
P J Brophy ◽  
V L Friedrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Beta Catenin ◽  
Channel Network ◽  
Membrane Complex ◽  
Cytoplasmic Channel ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
E Cadherin

Previous studies (Blank, W. F., M. B. Bunge, and R. P. Bunge. 1974. Brain Res. 67:503-518) showed that Schwann cell paranodal membranes were disrupted in calcium free medium suggesting that cadherin mediated mechanisms may operate to maintain the integrity of the paranodal membrane complex. Using antibodies against the fifth extracellular domain of E-cadherin, we now show by confocal laser and electron immunomicroscopy that E-cadherin is a major adhesive glycoprotein in peripheral nervous system Schwann cells. E-Cadherin is not found, however, in compact myelin bilayers. Rather, it is concentrated at the paranodes, in Schmidt-Lanterman incisures, and at the inner and outer loops. At these loci, E-cadherin is associated with subplasmalemmal electron densities that coordinate in register across several cytoplasmic turns of a single Schwann cell. F-Actin and beta-catenin, two proteins implicated in cellular signaling, also co-localize to E-cadherin positive sites. These complexes are autotypic adherens-type junctions that are confined to the plasma membrane synthesized by a single Schwann cell; E-cadherin was never observed between two Schwann cells, nor between Schwann cells and the axon. Our findings demonstrate that E-cadherin and its associated proteins are essential components in the architecture of the Schwann cell cytoplasmic channel network, and suggest that this network has specialized functions in addition to those required for myelinogenesis.

scholarly journals Characterization of the RNA-interference pathway as a tool for reverse genetic analysis in the nascent phototrophic endosymbiosis, Paramecium bursaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin H. Jenkins ◽  
Finlay Maguire ◽  
Guy Leonard ◽  
Joshua D. Eaton ◽  
Steven West ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Paramecium Bursaria ◽  
Rnai Pathway ◽  
Reverse Genetic ◽  
Knock Down ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Host Growth ◽  
Rna Pathways ◽  
Si Rna

Endosymbiosis was fundamental for the evolution of eukaryotic complexity. Endosymbiotic interactions can be dissected through forward- and reverse-genetic experiments, such as RNA-interference (RNAi). However, distinguishing small (s)RNA pathways in a eukaryote–eukaryote endosymbiotic interaction is challenging. Here, we investigate the repertoire of RNAi pathway protein-encoding genes in the model nascent endosymbiotic system, Paramecium bursaria–Chlorella spp. Using comparative genomics and transcriptomics supported by phylogenetics, we identify essential proteome components of the small interfering (si)RNA, scan (scn)RNA and internal eliminated sequence (ies)RNA pathways. Our analyses reveal that copies of these components have been retained throughout successive whole genome duplication (WGD) events in the Paramecium clade. We validate feeding-induced siRNA-based RNAi in P. bursaria via knock-down of the splicing factor, u2af1 , which we show to be crucial to host growth. Finally, using simultaneous knock-down ‘paradox’ controls to rescue the effect of u2af1 knock-down, we demonstrate that feeding-induced RNAi in P. bursaria is dependent upon a core pathway of host-encoded Dcr1 , Piwi and Pds1 components. Our experiments confirm the presence of a functional, host-derived RNAi pathway in P. bursaria that generates 23-nt siRNA, validating the use of the P. bursaria – Chlorella spp. system to investigate the genetic basis of a nascent endosymbiosis.

Ultrastructure of Giant Mitochondria and Their Inclusions in Schwann Cells of Bovine Splenic Nerve

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
Å. Thureson-Klein
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Giant Mitochondria ◽  
Matrix Density ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Unmyelinated Axons ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Structural Abnormalities ◽  
Cytotoxic Compounds ◽  
Cell Components

Giant mitochondria of various shapes and with different internal structures and matrix density have been observed in a great number of tissues including nerves. In most instances, the presence of giant mitochondria has been associated with a known disease or with abnormal physiological conditions such as anoxia or exposure to cytotoxic compounds. In these cases degenerative changes occurred in other cell organelles and, therefore the giant mitochondria also were believed to be induced structural abnormalities.Schwann cells ensheating unmyelinated axons of bovine splenic nerve regularly contain giant mitochondria in addition to the conventional smaller type (Fig. 1). These nerves come from healthy inspected animals presumed not to have been exposed to noxious agents. As there are no drastic changes in the small mitochondria and because other cell components also appear reasonably well preserved, it is believed that the giant mitochondria are normally present jin vivo and have not formed as a post-mortem artifact.

Human Neurofibromas in Co-Culture with Mouse Neurons

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
R.L. Martuza ◽  
T. Liszczak ◽  
A. Okun ◽  
T-Y Wang
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Sympathetic Nerves ◽  
Acoustic Neuromas ◽  
Spinal Roots ◽  
Neural Crest Origin ◽  
Multiple Abnormalities ◽  
Other Neoplasms

Neurofibromatosis (NF) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder with a prevalence of 1/3,000 births. The NF mutation causes multiple abnormalities of various cells of neural crest origin. Schwann cell tumors (neurofibromas, acoustic neuromas) are the most common feature of neurofibromatosis although meningiomas, gliomas, and other neoplasms may be seen. The schwann cell tumors commonly develop from the schwann cells associated with sensory or sympathetic nerves or their ganglia. Schwann cell tumors on ventral spinal roots or motor cranial nerves are much less common. Since the sensory neuron membrane is known to contain a mitogenic factor for schwann cells, we have postulated that neurofibromatosis may be due to an abnormal interaction between the nerve and the schwann cell and that this interaction may be hormonally modulated. To test this possibility a system has been developed in which an enriched schwannoma cell culture can be obtained and co-cultured with pure neurons.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document