Computed Tomography of the Body

AbstractDead bodies exhibit a variable range of changes with advancing decomposition. To quantify intracorporeal gas, the radiological alteration index (RAI) has been implemented in the assessment of postmortem whole-body computed tomography. We used this RAI as a proxy for the state of decomposition. This study aimed to (I) investigate the correlation between the state of decomposition and the season in which the body was discovered; and (II) evaluate the correlations between sociodemographic factors (age, sex) and the state of decomposition, by using the RAI as a proxy for the extent of decomposition. In a retrospective study, we analyzed demographic data from all autopsy reports from the Institute of Forensic Medicine of Zurich between January 2017 to July 2019 and evaluated the radiological alteration index from postmortem whole-body computed tomography for each case. The bodies of older males showed the highest RAI. Seasonal effects had no significant influence on the RAI in our urban study population with bodies mostly being discovered indoors. Autopsy reports contain valuable data that allow interpretation for reasons beyond forensic purposes, such as sociopolitical observations.

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Computed tomography of the body: when should it be used?

BMJ ◽

10.1136/bmj.284.6308.4 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 284 (6308) ◽

pp. 4-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

J E Husband ◽

S J Golding

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

The Body

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FOSSA NAVICULARIS MAGNA AT THE SKULL BASE: EMBRYOGENESIS AND ITS DETECTION BY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

Journal of radiology and nuclear medicine ◽

10.20862/0042-4676-2018-99-3-153-157 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 99 (3) ◽

pp. 153-157

Author(s):

S. L. Kabak ◽

V. V. Zatochnaya ◽

Yu. M. Mel’nichenko ◽

N. A. Savrasova ◽

E. A. Dorokh

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Congenital Anomaly ◽

Skull Base ◽

Paranasal Sinuses ◽

Ventral Surface ◽

The Body ◽

Spiral Computed ◽

Edge Defect ◽

Medical Centers ◽

Fossa Navicularis

Fossa navicularis magna was detected in multislice spiral computed tomography in two patients who turned to the medical centers with pathology of the paranasal sinuses. Its appearance is determined during the development of the basilar part of the occipital bone and the body of the sphenoid bone in embryogenesis. This fossa has the appearance of an edge defect on the ventral surface of the clivus in CBCT scans. Practical radiologist should interpret such a finding as a congenital anomaly of development, but not as an invasive lesion.

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Spiral and Multislice Computed Tomography of the Body

Clinical Imaging ◽

10.1016/s0899-7071(03)00176-1 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 365

Author(s):

J.-N. Bruneton

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Multislice Computed Tomography ◽

The Body

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Evaluation of Radiation Doses from Computed Tomography Conducted in Al Jouf Region (Saudi Arabia)

Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics ◽

10.1166/jmihi.2021.3668 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 2130-2136

Author(s):

Ziyad Awadh Alrowaili ◽

M. Ashari

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Effective Dose ◽

Computer Software ◽

Northern Region ◽

The Body ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Dose Length Product ◽

Comparison Of The Results ◽

Dose Index

A safe radiation dose from computed tomography (CT) is normally specified through the Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDI) as an “effective dose.” Radiation exposure from CT is relatively high in comparison with other radiological tests. In this paper, we evaluate doses used on adult patients during typical CT scans, in Al Jouf, the northern region of Saudi Arabia. Scanning processes were taken place in different parts of the body; including the pelvis, head, abdomen, and chest. The dose indices were calculated using the CT-expo v2.5 computer software. A comparison of the results with similar investigations, regionally and globally, was made. Other comparisons between displayed and calculated dose indices were also performed. The main values of CT volume are the dose index (CTDIvol) and dose-length product (DLP). The effectiveness results for head CTs were 45.0 mGy, 488 mGy.cm, and 5.2 mSv; while for pelvic CTs they were 16.4 mGy, 391 mGy.cm, and 4.0 mSv; whereas for abdominal CTs they were 22.2 mGy, 613 mGy.cm, and 6.5 mSv; finally they were 17.5 mGy, 380 mGy.cm, and 3.9 mSv for chest CTs. It is confirmed that the values obtained are within the internationally accepted values, except for the values of the head examination, in which the effective dose value of 5.2 mSv was higher than the recommended value. This work gives an overview of the doses received by adult patients during regular CT examination. It is the first regional CT dose survey and provides a baseline for improvement and quality control in the region of Al Jouf.

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P1828Aortic calcification detected by computed tomography and aortic vulnerable plaques: aortic angioscopy study

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0580 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

K Kojima ◽

Y Ebuchi ◽

S Migita ◽

T Morikawa ◽

T Mineki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Suspected Coronary Artery Disease ◽

The Body ◽

Aortic Calcification ◽

Plaque Instability ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Vulnerable Plaques ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Atheromatous Plaques

Abstract Background Aortic calcification is associated with atherosclerotic risk factors and an increased risk of death and cardiovascular disease. However, the relationships aortic calcification and aortic plaque instability are not yet elucidated. Recently, some reports showed non-obstructive aortic angioscopy seemed to visualize atherosclerotic changes of aortic wall more clearly compared with computed tomography (CT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether aortic calcification is associated with aortic vulnerable plaques in patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods We investigated 60 consecutive patients with confirmed or suspected coronary artery disease who underwent both aortic angioscopy and CT. The AC volume (ACV) was measured using the volume-rendering method by extracting the area >130 HU within the whole aorta. ACV index (ACVI) was defined as ACV divided by the body surface area. We evaluated the number of ruptured plaque (RP), ulceration and fissure by aortic angioscopy in the whole aorta. We excluded 4 hemodialysis patients. All patients were divided into the median value of ACVI. Results The mean age of patients was 68±10. The median of ACVI was 10.7 ml/m2 [3.9–22.7]. High ACVI patients had significantly greater number of RP, ulceration and atheromatous plaques detected by aortic angioscopy compared with those of low ACVI (2.2±2.7 vs 0.8±1.1, p=0.033, 1.6±1.2 vs 0.9±1.0, p=0.041, 4.0±3.1 vs 1.9±1.8, p=0.009, respectively). Furthermore, the patients without aortic calcification did not have RP at all. In a multivariate model, the number of the atheromatous plaques was independently associated with high ACVI (odds ratio 1.57, 95% confidence interval 1.07–2.69, p=0.018) Conclusions Aortic calcification detected by CT was related to aortic vulnerable plaques in patients with cardiovascular disease.

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Surgical Treatment of a Large Fusiform Distal Anterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysm With In Situ End-to-Side A3—A3 Bypass Graft and Aneurysm Trapping

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/neu.0b013e3182036012 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. E587-E591 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Gavin P. Dunn ◽

Jason L. Gerrard ◽

David H. Jho ◽

Christopher S. Ogilvy

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cerebral Artery ◽

Anterior Cerebral Artery ◽

Bypass Graft ◽

The Body ◽

Parent Artery ◽

Vessel Flow ◽

Distal Anterior Cerebral Artery ◽

Distal Vessel

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Large fusiform aneurysms of the distal anterior cerebral territory are extremely rare and can be particularly challenging to treat. The circumferential pathology of fusiform lesions renders stand-alone clip or coil ablation unsatisfactory, and the deep, narrow corridor augments the difficulty of surgical approaches. In this setting, bypass procedures may be used to both treat the aneurysm definitively and preserve distal parent artery flow. We report a rare case of a large fusiform A3 aneurysm treated with trapping and concomitant end-to-side A3:A3 bypass. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 52-year-old man was evaluated after losing consciousness and experiencing a fall. A noncontrast computed tomography scan revealed a focal area of hemorrhage above the body of the corpus callosum, and computed tomography angiography showed a fusiform aneurysm of the right A3 artery. To treat the aneurysm definitively and preserve distal vessel flow, the patient was taken to surgery in anticipation of aneurysm ablation and cerebrovascular bypass. A large, fusiform right A3 aneurysm was identified. Intraoperative flow measurement demonstrated poor collateral circulation. The aneurysm was trapped with clips, and a right-to-left A3:A3 end-to-side in situ bypass was performed. Aneurysm occlusion and preserved distal vessel flow were confirmed with intraoperative angiography. CONCLUSION: Large fusiform aneurysms in the distal anterior cerebral artery region are rare, and the anatomy of these lesions and their vascular location render stand-alone surgical management technically challenging. End-to-side A3:A3 bypass combined with aneurysm trapping represents a feasible treatment strategy for lesions in this location.

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