From Developing a Higher Education System to Moving toward a Knowledge-Based Economy: A Short History of Three Decades of STI Policy in Iran

2013 ◽  
pp. 39-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Goodarzi ◽  
Soroush Ghazinoori
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Short History ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Approaches to Higher Education Innovation in the Context of Industrial Revolution 4.0

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Quynh Huy ◽  
Le Vinh Trien
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Educational Innovation ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Learning Platforms ◽  
Access To Knowledge

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has brought about many changes including the higher education system. The main problem is how the education system could adapt to change and promote social innovation. This paper aims to describe the necessary changes and adjustments made in the education system, thereby better meeting the requirements of Industry 4.0, and creating a competitive education system, contributing to socio-economic development. With the research method based on the synthesis of documents, the research results show that, in the context of Industry Revolution 4.0 and the complexity of globalization, the philosophy in educational innovation needs to be changed so that universities can contribute more to society and enhance academic liberalization. Students need to master the knowledge and skills such as critical thinking and problem solving, communication and collaboration, creativity and innovation. In addition, literacy skills related to digital including information and communication knowledge are also important. Students should have access to knowledge based on diversity; and be ready to incorporate new knowledge that brings about positive changes, gradually fighting against injustice, lack of democracy and human rights, fostering an open society where voices are heard; and become responsible citizens. In addition, open learning platforms need to be considered by universities and teachers in deciding how to organize education and learning in the 4.0 Industrial Revolution era.

scholarly journals Global Educational policies and its effects on the academic profession in Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ronaipe Machado
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Academic Profession ◽  
Educational Policies ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Neoliberal Ideology ◽  
The Status

This paper discusses the relationships between the current situation of professors of higher education institutions in Brazil and the changes that have come about in the Brazilian educational system as it has been affected and guided by neoliberal ideology principles through influence of International Organizations such as the World Bank and the IMF. Concepts like globalization, global governance and neocolonialism in the field of educational policy making achieve strong relevance as one intends to understand and explain the roots that are in the origins of the situation which academic professorate faces in countries like Brazil as well as in many others across the world. As part of this broader world and global context, Brazilian professors have to face similar, and sometimes even tougher challenges, as educational policies regulated by a new educational act have been implemented in the country throughout the last fifteen years. Under the influence of neoliberal ideas, massification and diversification in the higher education system have led to what many scholars call a state of fragmentation of the academic profession, which is characterized by increasing bureaucratization, heavy accountability requirements, inadequate remuneration and insufficient intellectual preparation to meet academic demands. Accountability and university bureaucratization have reduced teachers’ autonomy. The development with the greatest impact on the academic profession is the growing amount of professors with unstable and part-time appointments. As an apparent symptom of the decline of the status of the professoriate, they are paid a low salary to teach a few courses. In such a context, the value of academics is declining and new generations have been unwilling to embrace the academic career. Having well-trained, fairly paid and academically engaged faculty members is as crucial as ever, since countries count on good professors to prepare and form young people to be actively involved in the knowledge-based economy and in the information society.

A Short History of Bioengineering Research in Ireland

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Kelly ◽  
Fergal J. O'Brien ◽  
Patrick J. Prendergast
Keyword(s):  
Medical Device ◽  
Short History ◽  
World Congress ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Science Innovation

In July 2018, Ireland will host the World Congress of Biomechanics in Dublin. This Congress is held once every 4 yr and is the premier meeting worldwide in its field, with over 3000 people expected to visit Dublin in July. The awarding of the 2018 Congress to Ireland is a reflection of the strength of biomechanics and bioengineering research in this country. To mark this event, herein we describe the development of biomechanics and bioengineering research in Ireland over the past 40 yr, which has grown in parallel with the medical device industry as well as the expansion of Government investment in science, innovation, and a knowledge-based economy. The growth of this activity has resulted in Ireland becoming established as a global hub in the field.

Europe 2020

2013 ◽  
pp. 47-63
Author(s):  
Valerie A. Storey ◽  
Brendan M. Richard
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Policy And Strategy ◽  
Higher Education Policies ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Education Delivery ◽  
The Eu

This chapter seeks to enhance academic and policy-maker understanding of the European Union’s (EU) evolving higher education system by providing context and an overview of some of the major higher education initiatives currently being implemented as EU higher education adapts to turbulent economies, unstable political systems, and rapidly changing social structures. The recognition that higher education is the driver of a country’s knowledge-based economy has impacted higher education policies at a national and supranational level. Divergence among the EU member states in their organization of higher education, and the emergence of challenges which go beyond national frontiers, has proved the catalyst for developing a cohesive policy and strategy for EU higher education delivery. Initial efforts to increase European influence in national higher education policy began with the Sorbonne Declaration (1998) and continued with the Bologna Declaration (1999), the Lisbon Strategy (2000), and finally the EU 2020 strategy (2010).

scholarly journals Research on the development of the Chinese higher education system during the anti-Japanese war period, 1937-1945

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Yan Jun ◽  
Tan Chee Seng
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
New Development ◽  
Republican Era ◽  
History Of ◽  
Great Development

The ancient dynasty was deposed in 1911, and a new republic took its place. It is found that China made great development in all areas of life throughout the Republican era (1912-1949) excepting Anti-Japanese War. During the time when the last Quing dynasty would approach its end, China is in the primary stage in building a higher education system.  In a republican era, China developed its modern higher education system which is composed of public universities, private, universities, and voluntary universities. The war with Japan was certainly the most momentous event in the History of China during the Republican era. The methodology indicating the Reformation era is thoroughly examined during the war. The new development of the war has highlighted a higher education system. Consequently, this paper examines the evolution of China's higher education system from 1937 to 1945, during Japan's anti-war era. In this paper, a descriptive methodology is used to get reliable results. Besides, secondary data such as journals, peer-review, papers, books, articles, were used to get information for the topic. 

Talent Development for Faculty: The Case of Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-443
Author(s):  
Tam T. Phuong ◽  
Dae Seok Chai
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Talent Development ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Vietnamese Higher Education

The Problem With the rise of a globalized knowledge-based economy, the Vietnamese government has demonstrated a determination to build world-class universities by making higher education development one of the top national priorities. The Vietnamese higher education system is an interesting case of a latecomer’s development in an emerging market economy regulated by a single-party socialist state espousing communism. Although they have invested in higher education for decades, the system is still in a trial phase. For example, only two national universities cracked the top 150 in the Asian region, not in the world. Although the faculty talent pool can significantly help achieve the goals of the Vietnamese higher education system, the quality of Vietnamese faculty members is a key limitation. Furthermore, literature on talent development (TD) for faculty in the Vietnamese context is rare. The Solution This study aims to explore faculty TD trends and issues in the Vietnamese higher education system. This comprehensive review of the literature (a) provides an overview of the Vietnamese higher education system; (b) presents findings on the scope, foci, activities, and outcomes of faculty TD activities, and (c) provides implications for policy, practice, and further research on TD for faculty in Vietnam. As few published reviews of faculty TD in Vietnamese universities are available, the current comprehensive literature review can set the foundation for more effective practices and further research on TD and human resources development (HRD) for faculty in Vietnam. The Stakeholders The recommendations provided from this study will help HRD practitioners, institutional and ministerial decision makers, and faculty members in Vietnam.

scholarly journals Higher Education Globalization in the Context of American Guidelines

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Bidyuk
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Information And Communication

Abstract The article deals with the problem of globalization impact on higher education system in the United Stated of America. It has been concluded that globalization as a phenomenon has been acquiring much significance in all the spheres, especially in higher education. Different views on the essence of globalization, especially in the context of higher education, have been presented. It has been indicated that many scholars have studied the essence of globalization within higher education systems of different countries and identified that globalization encompasses important aspects of HEIs’ activities, namely, economic, social and cultural. The concept of globalization has been defined in the article. It has been pointed out that main issues within the changing landscape of higher education still remain: the increasing significance of both knowledge-based economy and society; innovations connected with the latest information and communication technologies (ICTs); the emphasized role of the market and the market economy. Therefore, it has been suggested that educators and higher education institutions should develop different approaches to fulfill all the educational needs of the growing community of students, especially international students. The activities of American organizations promoting the positive impact of globalization in higher education have been analyzed. Сore challenges for higher education institutions in the context of increasing globalization have been outlined and characterized in detail. Critical responses considered as components to the above-mentioned challenges have been clarified. Key principles needed to meet both the challenges and responses have been presented. It has been concluded that the USA has been enhancing the positive influence of globalization on the system of higher education and thus inspired other countries to follow such an example.

Decentralization, Provincial Systems, and the Challenge of Equity: High Participation Higher Education in Canada

2018 ◽  
pp. 203-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Central Government ◽  
System Development ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Canadian Higher Education ◽  
High Participation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Equitable Outcomes

This chapter provides a detailed and extensive assessment of the Canadian high participation system (HPS) of higher education. It considers the history of Canadian higher education, system development, and the present condition of higher education in the country. System de-centralization is especially remarkable when comparing Canadian higher education to other HPS. Each Canadian province has substantial authority over higher education within its borders, and while the federal-central government plays a role, it is less involved in provision than in most other HPS. The chapter examines Canadian higher education in light of the seventeen HPS propositions. The Canadian case supports most propositions. However, the system is less stratified and produces more equitable outcomes than are suggested by the propositions.

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