SUB-NATIONAL INNOVATION POLICY: A UNIVERSAL ENTITLEMENT TO EDUCATION GRANT IN SABANG, INDONESIA

This article studies a universal entitlement to education grant in Sabang that shows policy making at subnational government level in Indonesia. The policy is designed and implemented by Sabang municipality of Aceh province to help students at primary and secondary schools who would otherwise struggle with the cost of education. Desk study and semi-structured interviews were conducted with the major and high-ranking officials from related government departments in Sabang. The results show the central - local relations has not been easy to be understood by lower tier of governments. While the distribution of authorities between central and subnational government (such as: in education development functions) has not been well defined, the Sabang Education Grant (SEG) has been evidence of how a municipality government exercise the discretion and decision-making power. The transfer of authority and responsibility under the decentralization is instrumental in supporting the SEG policy formulation. The sub-national governments at special regions were given an authority to formulate policies to ensure all students have access to educational services. To implement this policy, Sabang municipality government regulate the operational procedures to implement the processes, define the technical guideline, establish the expert and management team as well as provide the tools to support the policy implementation.

Factors associated with the purchase of family farming products for national school feeding program in Minas Gerais in 2017, Brazil

ABSTRACT: The National School Feeding Program (in abbreviated Portuguese: PNAE) states that ≥30% of the amount transferred by the National Fund for Education Development (in abbreviated Portuguese: FNDE) to the executing entities should be used to purchase products made from Family Farming (FF). This study aimed to identify the municipal characteristics associated with the compliance of the municipalities of Minas Gerais (MG) to this target in 2017. For this, data on municipal purchases of FF for the PNAE were obtained from the FNDE’s website. Sociodemographic, economic, and agricultural characteristics of the municipalities were associated with compliance to the PNAE’s goal. Approximately half (55.07%) of the municipalities complied with the FF purchase target, wherein carrying out programs or actions to encourage organic agriculture (29.8% vs. 22.6%, p=0.018) were associated with a greater compliance to this target, presenting the official rural union registration (76.4% vs. 68.8%, p=0.026) and the Municipal Inspection Service: (35.6% vs. 29.1%, p=0.048). Overall, a low compliance to the goal was observed in MG municipalities, and associations between certain agricultural management characteristics and goal fulfillment were evidenced.

Understanding Disorder in Rectangular Dielectric Microcavity CROWs (Project Report 0642603-Y2)

This NSF-funded project [0642603] is a five-year (60 months) CAREER (Faculty Early Career Development Program) unified research and education development program, which focused on the physics and applications of optical waveguiding in the CROW (Coupled Resonator Optical Waveguide) structure. The CROW structure is suitable as the foundation of this project because it offers a very high four-wave mixing (FWM) nonlinearity based on the slow-light effects on each of the pump, signal and idler modes. The triple resonance effects can result in a large improvement of the nonlinear coefficient even with a modest improvement of the slowing factor. However, understanding the effects of disorder in CROWs is important, since it can limit the amount of slowing that can be achieved, and hence, the enhancement of slow-light enhanced nonlinearity.

Four-wave Mixing Using Silicon Microring CROWs (Project Report 0642603-Y4)

This NSF-funded project [0642603] is a five-year (60 months) CAREER (Faculty Early Career Development Program) unified research and education development program. The project’s focus is the science, engineering and applications of low-power (milliwatt class) nonlinear optics using a novel type of waveguide, the Coupled Resonator Optical Waveguide (CROW). Examples of applications of the nonlinear effects that were studied in this project are wavelength conversion of high speed modulated signals and correlated photon-pair generation.

Accomplishments in Integrated Nonlinear Optics using Silicon Microring CROWs (Project Report 0642603-Y5)

This NSF-funded project is a five-year (60 months) CAREER (Faculty Early Career Development Program) unified research and education development program. The project’s focus is the science, engineering and applications of low-power (milliwatt class) nonlinear optics using CROWs. Coupled resonator optical waveguides (CROWs) are linear sequences of micro-resonators fabricated on a chip that guide light from one end of the chain to the other by nearest-neighbor coupling.

Design and Fabrication of Long Silicon Microring CROWs (Project Report 0642603-Y3)

This NSF-funded project [0642603] is a five-year (60 months) CAREER (Faculty Early Career Development Program) unified research and education development program, with a focus on the physics and applications of optical waveguiding in the CROW (Coupled Resonator Optical Waveguide) device structure. The CROW structure is suitable as the foundation of this project because it offers a very high four-wave mixing nonlinearity based on the slow-light effects on each of the pump, signal and idler modes. Since the output depends quadratically on the propagation length (in the low power regime), it is important to realize long CROWs.

Integrated Nonlinear Photonics Using CROWs (Project Report 0642603-Y1)

This NSF-funded project [0642603] is a five-year (60 months) CAREER (Faculty Early Career Development Program) unified research and education development program. The full title of this project is “CAREER: Chip-scale low-power nonlinear optics using coupled resonators and CROWs”. The focus of this project is a study of the waveguiding principles and applications of a novel type of integrated photonics waveguide, the Coupled Resonator Optical Waveguide (CROW), in nonlinear optics at the milliwatt-scale power level, which is relevant for optical communications and signal processing.

ISLAMIC EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT BASED ON UNITY OF SCIENCES PARADIGM

The focus of this research lies in the philosophical analysis of Islamic education based on the Unity of Sciences paradigm. So far, no researcher has studied this issue specifically and comprehensively. This study uses a philosophical and phenomenological approach of library research. The finding shows that the development of managed Islamic education has both human and divine potential. Unity of Sciences has become the basis for creating a balanced Islamic education paradigm with humanization and spiritualization strategies. Therefore, development of Islamic education based on Unity of Sciences can produce modern scientists who are religious and not anti-local culture. Thus, this paradigm encourages scientists to dialogue and reciprocally lead someone closer and closer to God, the Most True (al-Ḥaqq). This paradigm is implemented into the curriculum at State Islamic University (UIN) Walisongo Semarang.

Construction of Churches in the Mordovian Villages of the Alatyrsky District in the Second Half of the XVII – XIX Century

Introduction. The study of the features of the confessional and socio-cultural development of peoples and individual regions of the Russian state is one of the important research tasks. Results and Discussion. At the end of the XVII century the village of Novotroitskoye of the Alatyrsky district became the first Mordovian Christian settlement of the region, in which the new Christians, protected from oppression, began to live, who were an example for their tribesmen in the adoption of the Orthodox faith. From the middle of the XVIII century in many Novokreschen villages of the region, a chapel was initially built, in which a priest was determined to serve. Then money was allocated for the construction of the church. In the XIX century active construction of Orthodox churches continued on the territory of the Alatyrsky and Ardatovsky districts of the Simbirsk province: instead of outdated and dilapidated church buildings, new ones were built, and parish churches were opened in populous villages. Conclusion. The Christening of a Mordva and opening of churches became an important step in strengthening of Orthodoxy and autocracy in the region, have played a positive role in spiritual and moral education of the people, have left a noticeable mark in education development. To acceptance of christianity there was a sociocultural integration of a mordva into structure of the Russian Empire. On the other hand, the commonality of the Orthodox religion was one of the factors in the development of assimilation processes among the Mordovian people.

modern problems and prospects of music formation and art education development during COVID-19

This article aims to assess the problems and prospects of the development and formation of music and art education given the impact of the pandemic COVID-19. Methodology. The research formed a model for the creative development of pupils and students of music and art education based on the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Skills for Jobs database. Results. Creativity is shaped by the hands-on activities of students, their music, and art education. Basic creativity skills are best formed through interdisciplinary collaboration toward STEM-education. Research shows that math skills, science, and engineering have a positive effect on students' creativity in hands-on product creation during art courses. Technical skills are important, but they stimulate creativity when students independently decide to use them in a specific, student-defined task. The novelty effect of technology is temporary in creativity stimulation, whereas the student's independent decision to use specific technical skills accordingly to a self-defined problem and task stimulates creativity in the long run. COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated long-standing challenges and barriers for arts and music education as well as ways to solve those challenges.