Participatory surveillance for COVID-19 trends detection in Brazil

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the necessity of a well-functioning surveillance system to detect and mitigate disease outbreaks. Traditional surveillance (TS) usually relies on healthcare providers and generally suffers from reporting lags that prevent immediate response plans. Participatory surveillance (PS), an innovative digital approach whereby individuals voluntarily monitor and report on their own health status via Web-based surveys, has emerged in the past decade to complement traditional data collections approaches. This study compares novel PS data on COVID-19 infection rates across nine Brazilian cities with official TS data to examine the opportunities and challenges of using the former, and the potential advantages of combining the two approaches. We find that high participation rates are key for PS data to adequately mirror TS infection rates. Where participation was high, we document a significant trend correlation between lagged PS data and TS infection rates, suggesting that the former could be used for early detection. In our data, forecasting models integrating both approaches increased accuracy up to 3% relative to a 14-day forecast horizon model based exclusively on TS data. Furthermore, we show that the PS data captures a population that significantly differs from the traditional observation. These results corroborate previous studies when it comes to the benefits of an integrated and comprehensive surveillance system, but also shed lights on its limitations, and on the need for additional research to improve future implementations of PS platforms.

The impact of COVID-19 on research within the homeless services sector

Purpose This paper aims to discuss the challenges of conducting research with homelessness services frontline workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach Between 2015 and 2019, the research team surveyed frontline staff in three cities about their psychosocial stressors and needs. In 2020, the authors replicated the previous study and expanded data collection to seven cities across Canada to determine the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the well-being of frontline staff. This report describes how the authors adapted the research methodologies to continue work throughout the pandemic, despite various restrictions. Findings The original studies had very high participation rates because of several methodological approaches that minimized barriers, especially in-person data collection. During the pandemic, distancing requirements precluded replication of these same methods. Research strategies that enabled staff participation during working hours, with designated time allotted for participation, was key for ensuring high participation rates, as access to technology, availability of free time and other factors frequently make online survey research a hardship for these staff. Restrictive interpretation and regional variations of COVID-19 guidelines by some research ethics boards were also a challenge to rapid and responsive data collection. Originality/value Few studies describe the experiences of frontline workers in the homelessness sector, and quantitative reports of their experiences are particularly scant. Consequently, little is known about specific methodologies that facilitate large-scale data collection in the homelessness services sector. The present research advances the field by providing lessons learned about best practice approaches in pre and post COVID-19 front line worker contexts. A strength of this research is the well-controlled design. The authors collected data within several of the organizations that had previously participated. This fortunate baseline provided opportunity for comparison before and during the pandemic; the authors can highlight factors that might have had influence during the pandemic.

Older Men's Participation in Cognitive Training: A Review

Background Cognitive training for healthy older adults living in a community is an essential resource that allows them to live at home for as long as possible. Objective The purpose of the review is to examine the degree of participation of males and females in longitudinal studies of cognitive training. Moreover, we want to identify if these studies include the gender variable in their analyzes or reflect on its importance. Method: This review considered longitudinal cognitive training studies were published in English and Spanish and conducted with healthy older adults living in a community. Results The Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) study (in English) and the Memoria Mejor (MM) Longitudinal Study (in Spanish), both illustrate the trend of sex/gender treatment of the studies reviewed: a) high participation of older people seventy and more years b) recruiting stratified by age and sex; c) males are disproportionately underrepresented in cognitive training studies [24% - 14%]; d) the evaluation measures (baseline, follow-up, and final) and dropout data are provided but not stratified by age and sex/gender. Conclusions Researchers demonstrate awareness about the impact of sex/gender differences but do not focus on it. Understanding sex/gender differences are necessary for understanding not only that these differences occur, but also why they occur; this will allow policies or intervention programs with approaches that are more equitable for both sexes/genders to be formulated.

Strengthening the role of peer counselors in preventing dental and oral diseases among students during the Covid-19 pandemic

The role of peer counselors is being strengthened in order to help the student community prevent dental and oral diseases. Peer counselor training is conducted by involving students who are active in student activities through the online small group discussion method. The goal is to increase prospective peer counselors' knowledge and understanding of oral hygiene and caries health in order to raise public awareness about the prevention of dental and oral diseases. With high participation and support from participants, this activity encourages participants to share their knowledge and play an active role in increasing knowledge and understanding of oral hygiene and caries health. As a result, it has the potential to raise public awareness about the importance of preventing dental and oral diseases, particularly among students during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Impaired vision and physical activity in childhood and adolescence: findings from the Millennium Cohort Study

Background/aimsInvestigate if impaired vision is associated with reduced levels and differences in types of physical activity (PA) to identify barriers or enablers to achieving healthy PA levels.MethodsData from the Millennium Cohort Study of children born in the UK in 2000–2001 and followed-up to age 14 years (n=11 571). Using parental report on eye conditions coded by clinicians, children were categorised as having no, unilateral or bilateral impaired vision. Outcomes included objective accelerometer-derived time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and 16 PA types reported by parents, teachers and/or participants, covering physical education (PE), organised sports, self-organised sports and hobbies.ResultsOverall, 50% of 7-year-olds and subsequently 41% as 14-year-olds achieved the internationally recommended level of ≥60 MVPA min/day, irrespective of vision status, and mainly attributable to PE and organised sports. Bilateral impaired vision (vs none) was associated with parent-reported difficulties with PE (adjusted OR, 4.67; 95% CI, 2.31 to 9.41), self-rated poor ability in PE (3.21; 1.44 to 7.15) and not enjoy indoor PA (0.48; 0.26 to 0.88). Unilateral impaired vision was associated with both parent-rated difficulties (1.80; 1.26 to 2.59) and teachers’ perception of low ability in PE (2.27; 1.57 to 3.28), and reduced odds of high participation in organised sports (0.77; 0.59 to 0.99). Age-related trajectories showed suboptimal PA in childhood tracked into adolescence, with no difference by vision status.ConclusionPopulation-wide programmes to increase PA levels in children should pay special attention to those with impaired vision and include early interventions to encourage participation and confidence in PE and organised sports, starting in primary school and maintained afterwards.

KETERCAPAIAN TUJUAN PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN DESA KUTAWARGI KECAMATAN RAWAMERTA

Desa Kutawargi merupakan salah satu Desa yang ada di kecamatan Rawamerta dan berbatasan dengan kecamatan Lamaran dan Majalaya. Desa ini mempunyai potensi yaitu petani yang dimana rata-rata sebagian masyarakatnya yaitu buruh tani dan ternak hewan. Pengambilan data untuk profil desa dilakukan melalui survey terhadap perkembangan pada Desa tersebut. Oleh karena itu, difokuskan untuk mencari data yang bersangkutan dengan profil Desa. Dari hasil survey dan pengumpulan data permasalahan di Desa Kutwargi ini adalah tidak memiliki produk unggulan. Dilihat dari letak geografis dan masyarakat yang memililiki pastisipasi yang tinggi Desa Kutawargi bisa berkembang lebih baik dengan menciptakan produk unggulan. Dengan kata lain BUMDES dapat menggali potensi desa dan memanfaatkannya menjadi bentuk usaha yang menjadi pendapatan desa.Kata kunci : Profil Desa, Potensi Desa, Produk UnggulanKutawargi Village is one of the villages in Rawamerta sub-district and borders with Lamaran and Majalaya districts. This village has the potential, namely farmers, where on average part of the community is farm labor and livestock. Data collection for village profiles was carried out through surveys of developments in the village. Therefore, it is focused on finding data related to the Village profile. From the survey results and data collection, the problem in Kutwargi Village is that it does not have superior products. Judging from the geographical location and the people who have high participation, Kutawargi Village can develop better by creating superior products. In other words, BUMDES can explore the potential of the village and use it as a form of business that becomes village income.Keywords : Village Profile, Village Potential ,superior product

Koperasi Pegawai Republik Indonesia (KPRI) Member Participation on Cooperative Development in Mataram

This study aims to determine the participation of KPRI members on the development of cooperatives in Mataram City, the responses of members after interviews. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data collection techniques are interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the study generally show that the participation of members in saving their capital is very good, it is shown that they always pay principal savings, mandatory savings and voluntary savings. With the high participation of members in saving their capital, it shows that members have confidence in the cooperative as a member's money saving institution. Meanwhile, the results of the research on the participation of members in attending the annual members' meeting were very good, as indicated by the results of interviews and data processing conducted by researchers. although there are still members who do not attend the annual member meeting because they are sick, have permission and some are out of town on duty. It is very good for members' participation in participating in this member's meeting because the management disseminates invitation letters regarding the implementation of the RAT, and the management gives prizes or door prizes to members who attend the RAT. As for the participation of members in utilizing the cooperative's business services, it is considered good, members always use the business unit and they have become loyal customers to shop and transact at the KPRI Multipurpose, Kencana and Lentera business units. However, some of the business units in KPRI Serbaguna experienced a decrease in income, but according to the head of the cooperative, this decline did not have an impact on the loss of the cooperative's business. The good participation of members in utilizing this business unit is because the services provided by the management are very good and the management works honestly and openly.

Optimalisasi Sistem Pemeliharaan Gedung Sekolah Berbasis Partisipasi Masyarakat (Studi Kasus: SDN 16 Meulaboh)

School building infrastructure needs maintenance and thi is not only carried out by the government but also involve community. The purpose of this study was to determine the existing condition of the school building and the efforts of community participation in building maintenance. This research was conducted at the SD 16 Meulaboh. Methods of data collection by field observations, interviews and distributing questionnaires to the school community (the community around the school, students, teachers, and school administrators). Data processing used a Likert scale, then classifying it into three categories, the first is the low with a score below 46, the medium scores between 46 - 76, and the high is more than 76. Meanwhile, the results of interviews and observations were analyzed using descriptive methods. The results of the study on the existing condition of the school building in a slightly damaged condition where the damage occurred only to non-structural components, namely floor coverings, infill walls, as well as doors and windows. The results were divided into two groups, namely residents and students, citizen participation in the medium category reached 7 people (12.07%) while high participation reached 51 people (87.93%). Student participation in the medium category reached 4 people (10.00%), while high participation reached 36 people (90.00%). This shows that the community of SD Negeri 16 Meulaboh has a high participation in the routine maintenance of the school building.

Correlation between participation in physical activity and healthy nutrition: An example of a sports science faculty

Background: It is important to encourage people to participate in physical activities and to develop motivational approaches to healthy nutrition in order to maintain a healthy life. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between the physical activity levels of university students and their attitudes to healthy nutrition. Material and methods: 392 (153 female and 239 male) university students voluntarily participated in the study. In the study, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and the Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN) were used. Results: As a result of the analysis conducted in the study group, in the comparison of the students studying at the sports sciences department in terms of gender, smoking and regular exercise variables, a statistically significant difference was found in the level of participation in physical activity in the variable of meals consumed during the day. A positive significant relationship was found between the participants’ attitude towards healthy nutrition and their level of participation in physical activity. Conclusions: It was determined that students with high participation in physical activity also have high attitudes towards healthy nutrition.