Uneven regulatory playing field and bank transparency abroad

AbstractMotivated by international business research on institutional arbitrage and headquarters–subsidiary relationships, we examine the effect of regulatory distance on multinational banks’ (MNBs) reporting transparency abroad. Using an international sample of foreign subsidiary banks in 46 host countries from 47 home countries, we find that bank transparency declines when the home countries have tighter activity restrictions than the host countries. We bolster the causal inference using difference-in-differences designs that take advantage of banking reforms and cross-border bank acquisitions. We also find that the result is more pronounced when parent banks have lower capital ratios or when host countries have weaker supervisory power, suggesting that parent banks use opaque reporting to conceal risk-taking abroad. Further analysis finds that less transparent subsidiaries are more likely to fail during financial crises. Overall, our findings suggest that regulatory distance creates negative externalities for bank transparency and stability abroad.

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Universities as multinational enterprises? The multinational university analyzed through the eclectic paradigm

Multinational Business Review ◽

10.1108/mbr-07-2016-0025 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 216-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jose Guimon

Keyword(s):

Multinational Enterprises ◽

Multinational Enterprise ◽

Analytical Framework ◽

Business Research ◽

Host Countries ◽

Content Type ◽

Education Literature ◽

Cross Border ◽

International Business Research ◽

Eclectic Paradigm

Purpose The aim of this paper is to examine the emergence of multinational universities through the lens of Dunning’s eclectic paradigm. Design/methodology/approach An analytical framework combining the eclectic paradigm with the three missions of universities is proposed to explore the motives behind the cross-border activity of universities. Findings Although the analogy between a university and a multinational enterprise is flawed, this paper shows how the eclectic paradigm can still serve the purpose of better understanding why universities locate fully pledged campuses or research departments in foreign locations. A set of implications for universities and host countries are also discussed. Originality/value The internationalization of universities has been widely analyzed in the higher education literature, but few attempts have been made to draw connections with international business research. The originality of this paper lies in addressing this cross-disciplinary gap.

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Teasing out fieldwork challenges with e-mail methods in cross-border research

Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management An International Journal ◽

10.1108/qrom-02-2017-1490 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 402-418

Author(s):

Coral Ingley ◽

Smita Singh ◽

Alanah Malkani

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Research Design ◽

Senior Executives ◽

Research Experience ◽

Business Research ◽

Content Type ◽

Cross Border ◽

Reflexive Practice ◽

International Business Research ◽

E Mail

Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to reflect on the value of e-mails for recruiting and interviewing in a specific context in qualitative research, and second, to reflect on the benefits of the reflexive practice in sharing the research experience for gaining a deeper understanding of the field. The purpose is to raise points for consideration in research design for the e-mail method in this type of study. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws on reflexivity and integrates fieldwork experiences to present the shared reflections and insights into the enabling and constraining aspects of using e-mail interviews with hard-to-access participants such as senior executives of international businesses. Findings Closer consideration needs to be given to the use of e-mail interviewing in the research design for such studies, especially regarding culturally held preconceptions about the research environment and how the inevitable challenges in engaging in cross-border research may be resolved. Originality/value The paper yields unanticipated insights into the potential of e-mail interviewing for studies that require responses from key informants who are otherwise unlikely to participate in the research. The paper brings greater transparency to researchers regarding the realities of using the method in this context, and thus, it expands the hitherto small repertoire of such studies in qualitative international business research. The contribution also lies in the value of deliberately creating a space for reflexive conversations that open the possibility of more profound understandings in qualitative research.

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Understanding cross-border crime: the value of international business research

Critical Perspectives on International Business ◽

10.1108/cpoib-01-2019-0006 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (2/3) ◽

pp. 119-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Peter Enderwick

Keyword(s):

International Business ◽

Multinational Enterprises ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Business Research ◽

International Commerce ◽

Content Type ◽

Cross Border ◽

International Business Research ◽

Criminal Groups ◽

Two Sectors

Purpose Based on a considerable degree of commonality between multinational enterprises (MNEs) and cross-border criminal organisations, the purpose of this paper is to identify ways and areas in which international business (IB) research could be of value in improving understanding of the operations of cross-border criminal organisations and in the development of effective countermeasures to global crime. Design/methodology/approach A review of the characteristics of legitimate MNEs and cross-border criminal organisations is undertaken to assess the applicability of IB research approaches in understanding the strategies and structures of organised criminal groups. Findings Despite some obvious differences there appears to be sufficient commonality between legitimate and illegitimate international commerce so that the firm-centric focus of IB research could provide valuable insights complementing the policy-oriented approach of criminology. Some adaptation of IB research tools may be required. The exchange is not one-way: studies of cross-border crime also offer lessons for IB scholars. Research limitations/implications IB scholarly work on cross-border crime could enrich both the fields of IB and transnational criminology. Better understanding of criminal enterprises could also facilitate the design of more effective interdiction policies. Originality/value Despite their commonalities and interactions, the two sectors of international enterprise have developed separately, and this paper identifies and explores possible synergies between the two.

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