Dramatic failure of pile foundations caused by the soil liquefaction was founded leading to many studies for investigating the seismic behavior of pile. The failures were often accompanied with settlement, lateral displacement and tilting of superstructures. Therefore soil-structure interaction effects must be properly considered in the pile design. Two tests by using the centrifuge shaking table were conducted at an acceleration field of 80 g to investigate the seismic response of piles attached with different tip mass and embedded in liquefied or non-liquefied deposits during shaking. It was found that the maximum bending moment of pile occurs at the depth of 4 m and 5 m for dry sand and saturated sand models, respectively. The more tip mass leads to the more lateral displacement of pile head and the more residual bending moment.
Centrifuge Modeling of End-Restraint Effects in Energy Foundations
