Exploring the Relationship between Urban Forms and CO2 Emissions in 104 Chinese Cities

Abstract. China is the world's largest energy consumer and CO2 emitter. Cities contribute 85 % of the total CO2 emissions in China and thus are considered the key areas for implementing policies designed for climate change adaption and CO2 emission mitigation. However, understanding the CO2 emission status of Chinese cities remains a challenge, mainly owing to the lack of systematic statistics and poor data quality. This study presents a method for constructing a CO2 emissions inventory for Chinese cities in terms of the definition provided by the IPCC territorial emission accounting approach. We apply this method to compile CO2 emissions inventories for 20 Chinese cities. Each inventory covers 47 socioeconomic sectors, 20 energy types and 9 primary industry products. We find that cities are large emissions sources because of their intensive industrial activities, such as electricity generation, production for cement and other construction materials. Additionally, coal and its related products are the primary energy source to power Chinese cities, providing an average of 70 % of the total CO2 emissions. Understanding the emissions sources in Chinese cities using a concrete and consistent methodology is the basis for implementing any climate policy and goal.

Download Full-text

The link between urbanization and air pollution in Turkey: Evidence from dynamic Autoregressive Distributed Lag simulations

10.21203/rs.3.rs-222964/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alper Aslan ◽

BUKET ALTINOZ ◽

BAKİ OZSOLAK

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Sustainable Growth ◽

Similar Relationship ◽

Distributed Lag ◽

Autoregressive Distributed Lag ◽

Positive Shock ◽

The Relationship

Abstract This study investigates the relationship between urbanization and air pollution in Turkey. Dynamic ARDL method was used for the period 1960–2014. According to the findings, there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between long-term urbanization and Co2. If urbanization increased by 1%, carbon emissions increased by 0.02%. There is a similar relationship between the shocks that will occur in population growth and Co2 emission in the long term. However, there is a negative and statistically insignificant relationship between the two variables. In the relationship between GDP and Co2, there is a positive relationship in the long term. GDP increase of 1% increases Co2 emissions by 0.11%. There is a similar relationship between long-term GDP shocks and Co2 emissions. According to short-term analysis results, energy consumption increases Co2 emissions by the same rate as GDP. However, the astonishing result of the study emerges here. Empirical results show that a long-term positive shock in energy consumption reduces CO2 emissions and a negative shock increases pollution. According to these results, Turkey has not reached the point of sustainable growth. For this reason, this developing country needs to make regulatory implementations and determine future policies for these impacts affecting air pollution.

Download Full-text