Nano-Ecotoxicology of Natural and Engineered Nanomaterials for Animals and Humans

This chapter describes the hazards for construction workers, with a particular focus on injuries as well as exposures to hazardous chemicals and dusts. A section describes hazardous exposures to lead and other heavy metals. Another section describes noise exposure. The impact of musculoskeletal disorders among construction workers is then discussed. A section on respiratory diseases focuses on asbestosis, silicosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and asthma. Exposures known to cause dermatitis and cancer are reviewed. There is a discussion of engineered nanomaterials as a potential emerging hazard. Various approaches to prevention and control, including regulations and health services, are described.

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A critical evaluation of short columns for estimating the attachment efficiency of engineered nanomaterials in natural soils

Environmental Science Nano ◽

10.1039/d0en01089h ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Knapp Karin Norrfors ◽

Vesna Micić ◽

Olga Borovinskaya ◽

Frank von der Kammer ◽

Thilo Hofmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Porous Media ◽

Theoretical Approach ◽

Critical Evaluation ◽

Packed Columns ◽

Engineered Nanomaterials ◽

Natural Soils ◽

Attachment Efficiency ◽

Short Columns ◽

Homogeneous Porous Media

Short, saturated packed columns are used frequently to estimate the attachment efficiency (α) of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in relatively homogeneous porous media, but a combined experimental and theoretical approach to...

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Challenges for Evaluation of the Safety of Engineered Nanomaterials

Chemistry International ◽

10.1515/ci-2021-0102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 4-7

Author(s):

Linda J. Johnston ◽

Norma Gonzalez-Rojano ◽

Kevin J. Wilkinson ◽

Baoshan Xing

Keyword(s):

Rapid Development ◽

Sustainable Use ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Engineered Nanomaterials ◽

Full Potential ◽

Effective Strategies ◽

Toxicological Studies ◽

Regulatory Guidelines ◽

Significant Effort ◽

Safe By Design

Abstract Nanotechnology has developed rapidly in the last two decades with significant effort focused on the development of nano-enabled materials with new or improved properties that offer solutions for current world challenges. The commercialization of products containing engineered nanomaterials (ENM) has progressed much more rapidly than the development of practical approaches to ensure their safe and sustainable use. The lack of adequate detection and characterization techniques and reproducible and validated methods for toxicological studies have been identified as major limitations. The rapid development of ENM of increasing complexity and diversity and concerns over the adequacy of existing regulations also contribute to safety concerns with these materials. The full potential of nanotechnology can only be realized when feasible, cost-effective strategies to ensure a safe-by-design approach, effective risk assessment approaches and appropriate regulatory guidelines are in place.

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