On the development of large-scale structures of a jet normal to a cross flow

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 770-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. T. Lim ◽  
T. H. New ◽  
S. C. Luo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Large Scale Structures ◽  
Scale Structures

Dynamics of Large-Scale Structures for Jets in a Crossflow

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Muldoon ◽  
Sumanta Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Shear Layer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Velocity Ratio ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Leeward Side ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Large Scale Structures ◽  
Scale Structures

Results of a three dimensional unsteady computational study of a row of jets injected normal to a cross-flow are presented with the aim of understanding the dynamics of the large scale structures in the region near the jet. The jet to cross-flow velocity ratio is .5. A modified version of the computer program (INS3D) which utilizes the method of artificial compressibility is used for the computations. Results obtained clearly indicate that the near field large scale structures are extremely dynamical in nature, and undergo breakup and reconnection processes. The dynamical near field structures identified include the counter rotating vortex pair (CVP), the horseshoe vortex, wake vortex, wall vortex and the shear layer vortex. The dynamical features of these vortices are presented in this paper. The CVP is observed to be a convoluted structure interacting with the wall and horseshoe vortices. The shear layer vortices are stripped by the crossflow, and undergo pairing and stretching events in the leeward side of the jet. The wall vortex is reoriented into the upright wake system. Comparison of the predictions with mean velocity measurements is made. Reasonable agreement is observed.

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation of the Dynamical Behavior of a Row of Square Jets in Crossflow Over a Surface

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Muldoon ◽  
Sumanta Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Shear Layer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Velocity Ratio ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Horseshoe Vortex ◽  
Large Scale Structures ◽  
Turbulent Statistics ◽  
Scale Structures

Results of a three dimensional unsteady computational study of a row of jets injected normal to a cross-flow are presented with the aim of understanding the dynamics of the large scale structures in the region near the jet. The jet hole is square in cross-section, and the jet to cross-flow velocity ratio is 0.5. The calculations are based on higher-order finite differences, and are performed on extremely refined spatial and temporal meshes so that all the important energy-carrying scales are resolved. Results obtained indicate that the near field large scale structures include the shear layer vortices, the counter rotating vortex pair (CVP), the horseshoe vortex system, and wake and wall vortices. The dynamics of these structures appear to be significantly influenced by a time-periodic interaction between the jet hole boundary layer and the approaching crossflow. This periodic behavior involves the approaching crossflow periodically ingressing into the jet hole region and pushing the injected jet back toward the trailing edge at a Strouhal number of 0.44 based on the jet velocity and diameter. A new mechanism for the formation of shear layer vortices is identified and consists of alternate shedding of positive vorticity from the hole leading edge boundary layer and negative vorticity from the leading horseshoe vortex. Comparison of the predicted turbulent statistics with experimental measurements are made and reasonable agreement is observed.

Some comments about observations and image processing of comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
D. Kubáček ◽  
A. Galád ◽  
A. Pravda
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Harvard College ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
Large Scale Structures ◽  
Short Period Comet ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Scale Structures ◽  
Harvard College Observatory ◽  
Period Comet

AbstractUnusual short-period comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 inspired many observers to explain its unpredictable outbursts. In this paper large scale structures and features from the inner part of the coma in time periods around outbursts are studied. CCD images were taken at Whipple Observatory, Mt. Hopkins, in 1989 and at Astronomical Observatory, Modra, from 1995 to 1998. Photographic plates of the comet were taken at Harvard College Observatory, Oak Ridge, from 1974 to 1982. The latter were digitized at first to apply the same techniques of image processing for optimizing the visibility of features in the coma during outbursts. Outbursts and coma structures show various shapes.

scholarly journals The organization and control of an evolving interdependent population

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (108) ◽  
pp. 20150044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dervis C. Vural ◽  
Alexander Isakov ◽  
L. Mahadevan
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Large Scale Structures ◽  
External Perturbations ◽  
Emergence Of Cooperation ◽  
Scale Structures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Evolutionarily Stable

Starting with Darwin, biologists have asked how populations evolve from a low fitness state that is evolutionarily stable to a high fitness state that is not. Specifically of interest is the emergence of cooperation and multicellularity where the fitness of individuals often appears in conflict with that of the population. Theories of social evolution and evolutionary game theory have produced a number of fruitful results employing two-state two-body frameworks. In this study, we depart from this tradition and instead consider a multi-player, multi-state evolutionary game, in which the fitness of an agent is determined by its relationship to an arbitrary number of other agents. We show that populations organize themselves in one of four distinct phases of interdependence depending on one parameter, selection strength. Some of these phases involve the formation of specialized large-scale structures. We then describe how the evolution of independence can be manipulated through various external perturbations.

scholarly journals Oscillating non-linear large-scale structures in growing neutrino quintessence

2011 ◽  
Vol 418 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Baldi ◽  
Valeria Pettorino ◽  
Luca Amendola ◽  
Christof Wetterich
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Large Scale Structures ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Scale Structures
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