ERRATUM: AN ULTRASONIC‐OPTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE THIRD ORDER ELASTIC CONSTANT c111 FOR NaCl SINGLE CRYSTALS

The recent work of Carpenter and Elam on the growth of single crystals of large dimensions has rendered possible the study of the physical constants of single crystals of the commoner metals, and the present communication describes the determination of the thermal and electrical conductivity of aluminium in the form of an isolated crystal. The form of the crystal investigated is shown in fig. 1. This crystal had been prepared at the National Physical Laboratory employing the technique described by Carpenter in “Nature,” p. 266, August 21, 1926, which briefly is as follows:— The test specimen is machined and subjected to three treatments, thermal, mechanical, and thermal. The first treatment is necessary to soften the metal completely and produce new equiaxed crystals of so far as possible uniform size, the average diameter being 1/150 inch. The second consists in straining these crystals to the required amount, and the third in heating the strained crystals to the requisite temperature, so that the potentiality of growth conferred by strain could be brought fully into operation.

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Brillouin scattering study on third order elastic constant of NH4Cl near the λ point

Solid State Communications ◽

10.1016/0038-1098(87)90417-0 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 62 (10) ◽

pp. 723-727 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

H. Yamashita ◽

I. Tatsuzaki

Keyword(s):

Elastic Constant ◽

Brillouin Scattering ◽

Third Order ◽

Order Elastic Constant ◽

Scattering Study ◽

Λ Point

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A New Criterion to Determine the Start of Combustion in Diesel Engine

ASME 2004 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference ◽

10.1115/icef2004-0830 ◽

2004 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Tomazˇ Katrasˇnik ◽

Samuel Rodman Opresˇnik ◽

Ferdinand Trenc ◽

Nedjeljko Sˇkific´

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Diesel Engine ◽

Cylinder Pressure ◽

Third Order ◽

First Law Of Thermodynamics ◽

The Third ◽

Crank Angle ◽

New Criterion ◽

Start Of Combustion

A new criterion for the determination of the start of combustion (SOC) from the diesel engine in-cylinder pressure diagram was developed. It is defined as the maximum of the third order derivative of the cylinder pressure with respect the crank angle. This criterion declares SOC more precisely than other previously published criterions based on pressure diagnostics. This fact was proven analytically and was discernable from the analysis of the experimental data. Beside its accuracy it is also robust enough to allow automatic evaluation of the SOC during processing of the pressure data for a large number of cycles. Analysis of the first law of thermodynamics applied to the engine cylinder showed that the third order derivative of the cylinder pressure with respect to the crank angle is the most suitable criterion for determination of the SOC from the cylinder pressure diagram. Subsequently the criterion was validated through experimental data analysis of the cylinder pressure diagrams for various engine speeds and loads. Cylinder pressure diagrams were processed with a computer code based on the first law of thermodynamics to evaluate the rate of heat release (ROHR), which formed the base for experimental validation. The cylinder pressure was measured with an advanced piezoelectric sensor at the resolution 0.1 deg. CA. Top dead center was determined with the capacitive top dead center sensor. Due to the analytic foundation of the developed method and its validation through highly accurate experimental data it can be concluded that new criterion is credible for the determination of the SOC.

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