A New Criterion to Determine the Start of Combustion in Diesel Engine

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomazˇ Katrasˇnik ◽  
Samuel Rodman Opresˇnik ◽  
Ferdinand Trenc ◽  
Nedjeljko Sˇkific´
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Third Order ◽  
First Law Of Thermodynamics ◽  
The Third ◽  
Crank Angle ◽  
New Criterion ◽  
Start Of Combustion

A new criterion for the determination of the start of combustion (SOC) from the diesel engine in-cylinder pressure diagram was developed. It is defined as the maximum of the third order derivative of the cylinder pressure with respect the crank angle. This criterion declares SOC more precisely than other previously published criterions based on pressure diagnostics. This fact was proven analytically and was discernable from the analysis of the experimental data. Beside its accuracy it is also robust enough to allow automatic evaluation of the SOC during processing of the pressure data for a large number of cycles. Analysis of the first law of thermodynamics applied to the engine cylinder showed that the third order derivative of the cylinder pressure with respect to the crank angle is the most suitable criterion for determination of the SOC from the cylinder pressure diagram. Subsequently the criterion was validated through experimental data analysis of the cylinder pressure diagrams for various engine speeds and loads. Cylinder pressure diagrams were processed with a computer code based on the first law of thermodynamics to evaluate the rate of heat release (ROHR), which formed the base for experimental validation. The cylinder pressure was measured with an advanced piezoelectric sensor at the resolution 0.1 deg. CA. Top dead center was determined with the capacitive top dead center sensor. Due to the analytic foundation of the developed method and its validation through highly accurate experimental data it can be concluded that new criterion is credible for the determination of the SOC.

A New Criterion to Determine the Start of Combustion in Diesel Engines

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 928-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomaž Katrašnik ◽  
Ferdinand Trenc ◽  
Samuel Rodman Oprešnik
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Order Derivative ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Third Order ◽  
First Law Of Thermodynamics ◽  
The Third ◽  
Crank Angle ◽  
New Criterion ◽  
Start Of Combustion

A new criterion for the determination of the start of combustion (SOC) from the diesel engine in-cylinder pressure diagram was developed. It is defined as the maximum of the third-order derivative of the cylinder pressure with respect to the crank angle. This criterion declares SOC more precisely than other previously published criteria based on pressure diagnostics. This fact was proven analytically and was discernable from the analysis of the experimental data. Besides its accuracy it is also robust enough to allow automatic evaluation of the SOC during processing of the pressure data for a large number of cycles. By applying the first law of thermodynamics analysis to the engine cylinder it was discovered that the third-order derivative of the in-cylinder pressure with respect to the crank angle is the most suitable criterion for determination of the SOC from the in-cylinder pressure diagram. Subsequently, the criterion was validated through experimental data analysis of the in-cylinder pressure diagrams for various engine speeds and loads. In order to evaluate the rate of heat release (ROHR), which formed the base for the experimental validation, in-cylinder pressure diagrams were processed with a computer code based on the first law of thermodynamics. The cylinder pressure was measured with an advanced piezoelectric sensor at the resolution 0.1 deg CA. Top dead center was determined with the capacitive top dead center sensor. Due to the analytic foundation of the developed method and its validation through highly accurate experimental data it can be concluded that new criterion is credible for the determination of the SOC.

scholarly journals Surface modification of date seeds (Phoenix dactylifera) using potassium hydroxide for wastewater treatment to remove azo dye

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 859-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abinaya Arunachalam ◽  
Rajib Ghosh Chaudhuri ◽  
Eldhose Iype ◽  
B. G. Prakash Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Adsorbent ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Third Order ◽  
23 Factorial Design ◽  
The Third ◽  
Equilibrium Adsorption Capacity

Abstract In this study, a low cost carbon adsorbent was prepared from date seeds. Their surface was modified with potassium hydroxide for use as an adsorbent for the removal of synthetic dye (methyl orange (MO)) from aqueous solutions. The effects of initial MO concentration, adsorbent dosage and temperature were studied. A two-cubed (23) factorial design was carried out on the experimental data, with two replications for the process optimization. The results showed that all three factors and their interactions up to the third order were significant for the removal efficiency of MO. Maximum equilibrium adsorption capacity was 66.26 mg/g at 318 K.

scholarly journals Repeatability of High-Pressure Measurement in a Diesel Engine Test Bed

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Skrzek ◽  
Mirosław Rucki ◽  
Krzysztof Górski ◽  
Jonas Matijošius ◽  
Dalibor Barta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Ignition Process ◽  
Engine Test ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Working Cycle ◽  
Crank Angle ◽  
Maximal Pressure ◽  
Measured Pressure

This paper addresses the issue of metrological accuracy of instantaneous in-cylinder pressure measurement in a diesel engine test bed. In studies, the central unit has been the single-cylinder AVL 5402 engine. The pressure measurement was performed with a sensor designed for thermodynamic analysis, and the results were related to the crank angle, where two rotations corresponding to the four-stroke working cycle were denoted as angles between −360° and +360°. The novelty of this paper is the proposition of how to perform a type A uncertainty estimation of the in-cylinder pressure measurement and to assess its repeatability. It was demonstrated that repeatability of the measurement during the ignition process was difficult to estimate because of the phenomena that cannot ensure the repeatability conditions. To solve the problem, two methods were proposed. In one method, the pressure was measured in the subsequent cycles immediately after the ignition was turned off, and in another method, the engine was driven by a starter. The latter method provided maximal pressure values much lower than during usual tests. The obtained repeatability of measured pressure was %EV = 0.4%, which proved high capability of the evaluated measurement system.

Experimental investigation of the combustion characteristics of a biodiesel (rice-bran oil methyl ester)-fuelled direct-injection transportation diesel engine

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (8) ◽  
pp. 921-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sinha ◽  
A K Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Crank Angle

Increased environmental awareness and depletion of fossil petroleum resources are driving industry to develop alternative fuels that are environmentally more acceptable. Transesterified vegetable oil derivatives called ‘biodiesel’ appear to be the most convenient way of utilizing bio-origin vegetable oils as substitute fuels in diesel engines. The methyl esters of vegetable oils do not require significant modification of existing engine hardware. Previous research has shown that biodiesel has comparable performance and lower brake specific fuel consumption than diesel with significant reduction in emissions of CO, hydrocarbons (HC), and smoke but slightly increased NO x emissions. In the present experimental research work, methyl ester of rice-bran oil is derived through transesterification of rice-bran oil using methanol in the presence of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) catalyst. Experimental investigations have been carried out to examine the combustion characteristics in a direct injection transportation diesel engine running with diesel, biodiesel (rice-bran oil methyl ester), and its blends with diesel. Engine tests were performed at different engine loads ranging from no load to rated (100 per cent) load at two different engine speeds (1400 and 1800 r/min). A careful analysis of the cylinder pressure rise, heat release, and other combustion parameters such as the cylinder peak combustion pressure, rate of pressure rise, crank angle at which peak pressure occurs, rate of pressure rise, and mass burning rates was carried out. All test fuels exhibited similar combustion stages as diesel; however, biodiesel blends showed an earlier start of combustion and lower heat release during premixed combustion phase at all engine load-speed combinations. The maximum cylinder pressure reduces as the fraction of biodiesel increases in the blend and, at higher engine loads, the crank angle position of the peak cylinder pressure for biodiesel blends shifted away from the top dead centre in comparison with baseline diesel data. The maximum rate of pressure rise was found to be higher for diesel at higher engine loads; however, combustion duration was higher for biodiesel blends.

Determination of the Start and End of Combustion in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine Using the Apparent Heat Release Rate

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Gerard T. Reyes ◽  
Edwin N. Quiros
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
Crank Angle ◽  
Start Of Combustion

The combustion duration in an internal combustion engine is the period bounded by the engine crank angles known as the start of combustion (SOC) and end of combustion (EOC), respectively. This period is essential in analysis of combustion for the such as the production of exhaust emissions. For compression-ignition engines, such as diesel engines, several approaches were developed in order to approximate the crank angle for the start of combustion. These approaches utilized the curves of measured in-cylinder pressures and determining by inspection the crank angle where the slope is steep following a minimum value, indicating that combustion has begun. These pressure data may also be utilized together with the corresponding cylinder volumes to generate the apparent heat release rate (AHRR), which shows the trend of heat transfer of the gases enclosed in the engine cylinder. The start of combustion is then determined at the point where the value of the AHRR is minimum and followed by a rapid increase in value, whereas the EOC is at the crank angle where the AHRR attains a flat slope prior to the exhaust stroke of the engine. To verify the location of the SOC, injection line pressures and fuel injection timing are also used. This method was applied in an engine test bench using a four-cylinder common-rail direct injection diesel engine with a pressure transducer installed in the first cylinder. Injector line pressures and fuel injector voltage signals per engine cycle were also recorded and plotted. By analyzing the trends of this curves in line with the generated AHRR curves, the SOC may be readily determined.

scholarly journals The Roles of the Gate Bias, Doping Concentration, Temperature and Geometry on the Harmonic Distortion of Junctionless Nanowire Transistors Operating in the Linear Regime

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Rodrigo T. Doria ◽  
Renan D. Trevisoli ◽  
Michelly De Souza ◽  
Magali Estrada ◽  
Antonio Cerdeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Doping Concentration ◽  
Series Resistance ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Gate Bias ◽  
Linear Regime ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Nanowire Transistors ◽  
The Third

The linearity of Junctionless nanowire transistors operating in the linear regime has been evaluated through experimental data and numerical simulations. The influences of the fin width, the gate bias, the temperature, the doping concentration and the geometry on the overall linearity have been evaluated. The increase of the series resistance associated both to the variation of the physical parameters and the incomplete ionization effect has shown to improve the second order distortion and degrade the third order one.

scholarly journals Determining selected diesel engine combustion descriptors based on the analysis of the coefficient of variation of in-chamber pressure

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bąkowski ◽  
L. Radziszewski
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Chamber Pressure ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Crank Angle Degree ◽  
Crank Angle ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Start Of Combustion ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract This paper presents a method that uses the coefficient of variation (COV) of pressure in a diesel engine combustion chamber to determine the crank angle degree (CAD) for which the heat release rate (HRR) reaches the maximum value. The COV was proposed for determining the point corresponding to the angle of start of combustion (SoC). Regression models were fit with these descriptors for the engine powered by diesel, biodiesel or a combination of both, operating under full- or part- load conditions. The uncertainty parameter in these models was determined. Good agreement between the experimental results and the literature data shows the validity of the analysis

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