Nonlinear response of vibrational excitons: Simulating the two-dimensional infrared spectrum of liquid water

AbstractIn the conventional habitable zone (HZ) concept, a CO2-H2O greenhouse maintains surface liquid water. Through the water-mediated carbonate-silicate weathering cycle, atmospheric CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) responds to changes in surface temperature, stabilizing the climate over geologic timescales. We show that this weathering feedback ought to produce a log-linear relationship between pCO2 and incident flux on Earth-like planets in the HZ. However, this trend has scatter because geophysical and physicochemical parameters can vary, such as land area for weathering and CO2 outgassing fluxes. Using a coupled climate and carbonate-silicate weathering model, we quantify the likely scatter in pCO2 with orbital distance throughout the HZ. From this dispersion, we predict a two-dimensional relationship between incident flux and pCO2 in the HZ and show that it could be detected from at least 83 (2σ) Earth-like exoplanet observations. If fewer Earth-like exoplanets are observed, testing the HZ hypothesis from this relationship could be difficult.

Download Full-text

Effective Generation of Milliwatt-Level Sub-Terahertz Wave for Nonlinear Response Measurement of Two-Dimensional Material by Optical Heterodyne Technique

Advances in Condensed Matter Physics ◽

10.1155/2017/1704374 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shuqing Chen ◽

Zhiqiang Xie ◽

Junmin Liu ◽

Yanliang He ◽

Yao Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nonlinear Response ◽

Modulation Depth ◽

Terahertz Wave ◽

Saturable Absorption ◽

Optical Heterodyne ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Response Measurement ◽

Microwave Source ◽

Terahertz Band ◽

Heterodyne Technique

By using optical heterodyne technique, we demonstrated the stable emission of sub-terahertz wave with the frequency ranging from 88 GHz to 101 GHz, which can operate as microwave source for nonlinear response measurement system. Mutual frequency beating of two well-separated sideband signals at a 0.1 THz photo-detector (PD) allows for the generation of sub-terahertz signal. Based on this approach, we have achieved the radiation of 0.1 THz wave with power up to 4 mW. By transmittance measurement, two-dimensional nanomaterial topological insulator (TI: Bi2Te3) shows saturable absorption behaviors with normalized modulation depth of 47% at 0.1 THz. Our results show that optical heterodyne technique could be developed as an effective microwave source generation for nonlinear measurement at sub-terahertz, even terahertz band.

Download Full-text

TWO-DIMENSIONAL NONLINEAR OPTICS SPECTROSCOPY: SIMULATIONS AND EXPERIMENTAL DEMONSTRATION

Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials ◽

10.1142/s0218863596000313 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 05 (03) ◽

pp. 465-476 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

L. LEPETIT ◽

G. CHÉRIAUX ◽

M. JOFFRE

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Nonlinear Response ◽

Two Dimensions ◽

Second Order ◽

Phase Matching ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Experimental Demonstration ◽

Spectral Interferometry ◽

Dimensional Measurement ◽

A New Technique

We propose a new technique, using femtosecond Fourier-transform spectral interferometry, to measure the second-order nonlinear response of a material in two dimensions of frequency. We show numerically the specific and unique information obtained from such a two-dimensional measurement. The technique is demonstrated by measuring the second-order phase-matching map of two non-resonant nonlinear crystals.

Download Full-text