scholarly journals Direct observation of antiferromagnetically oriented spin vortex states in magnetic multilayer elements

2011 ◽  
Vol 98 (23) ◽  
pp. 232511 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wintz ◽  
T. Strache ◽  
M. Körner ◽  
M. Fritzsche ◽  
D. Markó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Magnetic Multilayer ◽  
Vortex States ◽  
Spin Vortex

Erratum: “Direct observation of antiferromagnetically oriented spin vortex states in magnetic multilayer elements” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 232511 (2011)]

2011 ◽  
Vol 99 (14) ◽  
pp. 149901 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wintz ◽  
T. Strache ◽  
M. Körner ◽  
M. Fritzsche ◽  
D. Markó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Magnetic Multilayer ◽  
Vortex States ◽  
Spin Vortex

scholarly journals Controlling spin vortex states in magnetic nanodisks by magnetic field pulses

2010 ◽  
Vol 200 (4) ◽  
pp. 042002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Antos ◽  
Michal Urbanek ◽  
Yoshichika Otani
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Vortex States ◽  
Spin Vortex

Spin vortex states and hysteretic properties of submicron size NiFe elements

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 6319-6321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taras Pokhil ◽  
Dian Song ◽  
Janusz Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Vortex States ◽  
Submicron Size ◽  
Spin Vortex ◽  
Hysteretic Properties

scholarly journals Direct observation of imprinted antiferromagnetic vortex states in CoO/Fe/Ag(001) discs

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wu ◽  
D. Carlton ◽  
J. S. Park ◽  
Y. Meng ◽  
E. Arenholz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Vortex States

Fractional spin-vortex states in F = 2 spinor Bose-Einstein condensates

2019 ◽  
Vol 383 (21) ◽  
pp. 2515-2518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang-Liang Xu ◽  
Yong-Kai Liu ◽  
Shiping Feng ◽  
Shi-Jie Yang
Keyword(s):  
Vortex States ◽  
Fractional Spin ◽  
Spin Vortex ◽  
Bose Einstein

Direct Observation of Heat Exchanger Deposits by Cross Sectioning

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 364-365
Author(s):  
R. W. Anderson ◽  
D. L. Senecal
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Flowing Water ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Deposit Layer

A problem was presented to observe the packing densities of deposits of sub-micron corrosion product particles. The deposits were 5-100 mils thick and had formed on the inside surfaces of 3/8 inch diameter Zircaloy-2 heat exchanger tubes. The particles were iron oxides deposited from flowing water and consequently were only weakly bonded. Particular care was required during handling to preserve the original formations of the deposits. The specimen preparation method described below allowed direct observation of cross sections of the deposit layers by transmission electron microscopy.The specimens were short sections of the tubes (about 3 inches long) that were carefully cut from the systems. The insides of the tube sections were first coated with a thin layer of a fluid epoxy resin by dipping. This coating served to impregnate the deposit layer as well as to protect the layer if subsequent handling were required.

Application of a Simple Cold Stub to the Direct Observation of Frozen Hydrated Sand

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 212-213
Author(s):  
John M. Wehrung ◽  
Richard J. Harniman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Organic Debris ◽  
Rock Formations ◽  
Water Tables ◽  
Permeable Rock ◽  
Natural Means

Water tables in aquifer regions of the southwest United States are dropping off at a rate which is greater than can be replaced by natural means. It is estimated that by 1985 wells will run dry in this region unless adequate artificial recharging can be accomplished. Recharging with surface water is limited by the plugging of permeable rock formations underground by clay particles and organic debris.A controlled study was initiated in which sand grains were used as the rock formation and water with known clay concentrations as the recharge media. The plugging mechanism was investigated by direct observation in the SEM of frozen hydrated sand samples from selected depths.

Direct Observation of the Diffusionless β → β + ω Transformation in Titanium Alloys

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 122-123
Author(s):  
N. E. Paton ◽  
D. de Fontaine ◽  
J. C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Resistivity Measurements ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Field Device

The electron microscope has been used to study the diffusionless β → β + ω transformation occurring in certain titanium alloys at low temperatures. Evidence for such a transformation was obtained by Cometto et al by means of x-ray diffraction and resistivity measurements on a Ti-Nb alloy. The present work shows that this type of transformation can occur in several Ti alloys of suitable composition, and some of the details of the transformation are elucidated by means of direct observation in the electron microscope.Thin foils were examined in a Philips EM-300 electron microscope equipped with a uniaxial tilt, liquid nitrogen cooled, cold stage and a high resolution dark field device. Selected area electron diffraction was used to identify the phases present and the ω-phase was imaged in dark field by using a (101)ω reflection. Alloys were water quenched from 950°C, thinned, and mounted between copper grids to minimize temperature gradients in the foil.

A New 1000kv Electron Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 100-101
Author(s):  
J.L. Williams ◽  
K. Heathcote ◽  
E.J. Greer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscope ◽  
Dynamic Experiments ◽  
Conventional Instrument

High Voltage Electron Microscope already offers exciting experimental possibilities to Biologists and Materials Scientists because the increased specimen thickness allows direct observation of three dimensional structure and dynamic experiments on effectively bulk specimens. This microscope is designed to give maximum accessibility and space in the specimen region for the special stages which are required. At the same time it provides an ease of operation similar to a conventional instrument.

TEM Study of Co/Pd and Co/Au Multilayers

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1036-1037
Author(s):  
A.E.M. De Veirman ◽  
F.J.G. Hakkens ◽  
W.M.J. Coene ◽  
F.J.A. den Broeder
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Anisotropy ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Magnetic Multilayer ◽  
Ion Beam Sputtering ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Beam Sputtering ◽  
Substrate Temperatures

There is currently great interest in magnetic multilayer (ML) thin films (see e.g.), because they display some interesting magnetic properties. Co/Pd and Co/Au ML systems exhibit perpendicular magnetic anisotropy below certain Co layer thicknesses, which makes them candidates for applications in the field of magneto-optical recording. It has been found that the magnetic anisotropy of a particular system strongly depends on the preparation method (vapour deposition, sputtering, ion beam sputtering) as well as on the substrate, underlayer and deposition temperature. In order to get a better understanding of the correlation between microstructure and properties a thorough cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) study of vapour deposited Co/Pd and Co/Au (111) MLs was undertaken (for more detailed results see ref.).The Co/Pd films (with fixed Pd thickness of 2.2 nm) were deposited on mica substrates at substrate temperatures Ts of 20°C and 200°C, after prior deposition of a 100 nm Pd underlayer at 450°C.

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