Theoretical study of interplay between coulomb interaction and electron occupancy in graphene in ferromagnetic state

Author(s):  
Rashmirekha Swain ◽  
Sivabrata Sahu ◽  
G. C. Rout
1995 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 145-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. MANDAL ◽  
S.K. GHATAK

A model binary alloy Ax B1−x where A and B represent ferromagnetic and paramagnetic transition metal respectively is considered within the framework of periodic Anderson model, and the effects of d-level disorder and variation of electron concentration due to alloying on the magnetic properties are investigated. The phase boundary, thermal behavior of magnetization and susceptibility of the alloy are obtained using HF approximation for the Coulomb interaction and the virtual crystal approximation for d-level disorder. The ferromagnetic state of alloy vanishes at a critical concentration xc which depends on d-band width, strength of s-d hybridization and the Coulomb interaction. The re-entrant magnetic phase is found within a small region of x for alloy with narrow d-band. For x≲xc, the magnetic properties resemble that of spin-glass system. For x≪xc, the alloy behaves like a Pauli paramagnet. The re-entrant and spin-glass-like phases are associated with the increase in d-level population as temperature decreases. Local moment for x≃1 decreases with temperature up to Tc whereas the reverse is the situation for alloy exhibiting spin-glass-like behavior.


1992 ◽  
Vol 06 (21) ◽  
pp. 3479-3514 ◽  
Author(s):  
YU. A. IZYUMOV ◽  
B.M. LETFULOV ◽  
E.V. SHIPITSYN ◽  
K.A. CHAO

On the basis of a regular perturbation theory in the form of diagrammatic technique with X-operators, a ferromagnetic state in the Hubbard model with infinite on-site Coulomb interaction U is studied for a wide range of electron concentration n. Treating the kinetic energy of electrons as perturbation, we get the exact graphic representations for three Green’s functions [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for electrons with spin ↑ and ↓ (spontaneous magnetic moment is in ↑ direction) and [Formula: see text] for spin waves. All of them are expressed through the unique system of four-point and three-point vertex parts for effective electron-magnon and electron-electron interactions. These vertex parts are calculated in two approximations: a low-density approximation for n≪1 or nh=1–n≫1, and the generalized random-phase approximation (GRPA), which was suggested earlier by us for the description of paramagnetic phase in this model. An important result in both cases is the understanding of essential difference of electron states with spin ↑ and ↓. The state for ↑ has coherent character in all region of electron concentration (n>nc) where a ferromagnetic state exists, while the state for spin ↓ has mixed characters including both coherent and incoherent contribution. For the saturated ferromagnetism (n>ns) when nh≪1, [Formula: see text] is an entirely incoherent (nonquasiparticle) state. Appearance of incoherent state is probably a general property of strongly correlated systems distinguishing its behavior from the Fermi liquid. We show also that the Hubbard-I approximation has no region of applicability for the electron with spin ↓ in a ferromagnet and we found a new factor describing the correlation-narrowing of ↓ spin electron band. Green’s function [Formula: see text] calculated in two different limits n≪1 and nh≪1, are jointed together to allow us to calculate ns which lies in the intermediate concentration regime. For simple cubic lattice we found ns=0.87. In the limit nh≪1 our results reduce to the earlier known ones, including Nagaoka’s result for the spin wave energy. We point out the way to construct a rigorous theory for ferromagnetic state in the intermediate range of electron concentration. In the conclusion several important problems are discussed in connection to the continuation of the present work.


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