Perception of Three-Dimensional Urban Scale in an Immersive Virtual Environment

The authors built a pseudo-immersive three-dimensional computer generated virtual environment (VE) as a shell for research in detailed collision detection. The purpose of the virtual world construction described in this paper is to handle engineering applications such as the mechanical assembly and disassembly of complex systems. A virtual space ball is attached to the VE in order to control the motion of virtual objects in that environment. This software interface simulates a real three-dimensional space ball device. The contribution of the pseudo-immersive system removes the absolute necessity for expensive Virtual Reality equipment and software for research work on virtual reality.

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Reconstruction and exploration of three-dimensional confocal microscopy data in an immersive virtual environment

Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics ◽

10.1016/j.compmedimag.2005.01.003 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 313-318 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Zhuming Ai ◽

Xue Chen ◽

Mary Rasmussen ◽

Robert Folberg

Keyword(s):

Confocal Microscopy ◽

Virtual Environment ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Immersive Virtual Environment ◽

Microscopy Data

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Collaborative studio in a virtual environment

10.26686/wgtn.13054694 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marc Aurel Schnabel

Keyword(s):

Virtual Environments ◽

Virtual Environment ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Design Studio ◽

Environment Design ◽

Remote Communication ◽

Immersive Virtual Environment ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

Design Ideas

© 2002 IEEE. Recently, virtual environments (VE) have been increasingly used as settings for design and research. Using VE to visualize ideas from the initial steps of design, the architect is challenged to deal with perception of space, solid and void, without translations to and from a two dimensional media. The goal of the authors' studies was to identify how designers use and communicate early design ideas by using immersive three-dimensional (3D) VEs and how they describe 3D volumes using a different media. A series of experiments were undertaken, including navigation- and perception-tasks, designing in IVE, transcription of design, remote communication between design partners and controlled observations. They explored initial intentions of 3D-immersive design schemes, textual descriptions and collaborations within IVE. They discuss frameworks and factors influencing how architectural students communicate their proposals in an immersive Virtual Environment Design Studio, and how this approach of design studio enables to understand volumes and spatial relationships.

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Testbed Evaluation of Virtual Environment Interaction Techniques

Presence Teleoperators & Virtual Environments ◽

10.1162/105474601750182333 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 75-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 77

Author(s):

Doug A. Bowman ◽

Donald B. Johnson ◽

Larry F. Hodges

Keyword(s):

Virtual Environment ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Interaction Techniques ◽

Object Selection ◽

Immersive Virtual Environment ◽

Dimensional Interaction ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Common ◽

Testbed Experiments

As immersive virtual environment (VE) applications become more complex, it is clear that we need a firm understanding of the principles of VE interaction. In particular, designers need guidance in choosing three-dimensional interaction techniques. In this paper, we present a systematic approach, testbed evaluation, for the assessment of interaction techniques for VEs. Testbed evaluation uses formal frameworks and formal experiments with multiple independent and dependent variables to obtain a wide range of performance data for VE interaction techniques. We present two testbed experiments, covering techniques for the common VE tasks of travel and object selection/manipulation. The results of these experiments allow us to form general guidelines for VE interaction and to provide an empirical basis for choosing interaction techniques in VE applications. Evaluation of a real-world VE system based on the testbed results indicates that this approach can produce substantial improvements in usability.

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Collaborative studio in a virtual environment

10.26686/wgtn.13054694.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marc Aurel Schnabel

Keyword(s):

Virtual Environments ◽

Virtual Environment ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Design Studio ◽

Environment Design ◽

Remote Communication ◽

Immersive Virtual Environment ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

Design Ideas

© 2002 IEEE. Recently, virtual environments (VE) have been increasingly used as settings for design and research. Using VE to visualize ideas from the initial steps of design, the architect is challenged to deal with perception of space, solid and void, without translations to and from a two dimensional media. The goal of the authors' studies was to identify how designers use and communicate early design ideas by using immersive three-dimensional (3D) VEs and how they describe 3D volumes using a different media. A series of experiments were undertaken, including navigation- and perception-tasks, designing in IVE, transcription of design, remote communication between design partners and controlled observations. They explored initial intentions of 3D-immersive design schemes, textual descriptions and collaborations within IVE. They discuss frameworks and factors influencing how architectural students communicate their proposals in an immersive Virtual Environment Design Studio, and how this approach of design studio enables to understand volumes and spatial relationships.

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Equilibrium Theory Revisited: Mutual Gaze and Personal Space in Virtual Environments

Presence Teleoperators & Virtual Environments ◽

10.1162/105474601753272844 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 583-598 ◽

Cited By ~ 232

Author(s):

Jeremy N. Bailenson ◽

Jim Blascovich ◽

Andrew C. Beall ◽

Jack M. Loomis

Keyword(s):

Virtual Environments ◽

Virtual Environment ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Memory Task ◽

Eye Contact ◽

Personal Space ◽

Interpersonal Distance ◽

Gaze Behavior ◽

Immersive Virtual Environment ◽

Mutual Gaze

During the last half of the twentieth century, psychologists and anthropologists have studied proxemics, or spacing behavior, among people in many contexts. As we enter the twenty-first century, immersive virtual environment technology promises new experimental venues in which researchers can study proxemics. Immersive virtual environments provide realistic and compelling experimental settings without sacrificing experimental control. The experiment reported here tested Argyle and Dean's (1965) equilibrium theory's specification of an inverse relationship between mutual gaze, a nonverbal cue signaling intimacy, and interpersonal distance. Participants were immersed in a three-dimensional virtual room in which a virtual human representation (that is, an embodied agent) stood. Under the guise of a memory task, participants walked towards and around the agent. Distance between the participant and agent was tracked automatically via our immersive virtual environment system. All participants maintained more space around agents than they did around similarly sized and shaped but nonhuman-like objects. Female participants maintained more interpersonal distance between themselves and agents who engaged them in eye contact (that is, mutual gaze behavior) than between themselves and agents who did not engage them in eye contact, whereas male participants did not. Implications are discussed for the study of proxemics via immersive virtual environment technology, as well as the design of virtual environments and virtual humans.

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