The Habitat Utilisation and Social Behaviour of Captive Rock-wallabies: Implications for Management.

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
J. Bulinski ◽  
D. Goldney ◽  
J. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Line Frequency ◽  
Aggressive Interactions ◽  
Resting Sites ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Preferred Habitat ◽  
Dominant Female ◽  
The Social

As part of a breeding program a small group of Brush-tailed Rock-wallabies, Petrogale penicillata, was captured within the Jenolan Caves reserve and transferred to a nearby enclosure. This study examined the social behaviour and habitat utilisation of these captive rock-wallabies. The subjects were observed in slightly over half (52.2%) of the area available within the enclosure. Sightings were concentrated around a small cliff line. Frequency of sightings within grid cells was significantly correlated with scat density but unrelated to a measure of visibility suggesting the rock-wallabies exhibit strong preference for certain habitats. A Poisson analysis indicated that preferred habitat was characterised as having a northerly aspect, high levels of rock coverage and high shrub density. There was only a small amount of this habitat type within the enclosure which may account for the high levels of aggression which we observed (23.9% of all social behaviour). Aggression was particularly prevalent between adult females (64.8% of all aggressive interactions). The subordinate female was the only animal observed to use resting sites to the south of the cliff line. We suggest that aggression from the dominant female forced the subordinate female to use these less preferred areas.

Female Dominance and Social Structure in Alaotran Gentle Lemurs

Behaviour ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 140 (10) ◽  
pp. 1235-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Female Dominance ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Aggressive Interactions ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hapalemur Griseus ◽  
Group Movements

AbstractLemur social systems have the striking social feature, that adult females consistently evoke submissive behaviour of adult males. In the Alaotran gentle lemur, Hapalemur griseus alaotrensis, however, female dominance has not been studied yet. Here we confirm female dominance over males on the basis of a 5-month field study of the social behaviour of four groups, in the Lake Alaotra marshland of eastern Madagascar. Further, we found that dominant individuals initiated aggressive interactions significantly more often than lowerranking ones, they initiated group movements more often and higher-ranking individuals were groomed more often. The spatial configuration was remarkable, since individuals were closer in space to those more distant in rank.

scholarly journals How does agonistic behaviour differ in albino and pigmented fish?

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondřej Slavík ◽  
Pavel Horký ◽  
Marie Wackermannová
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Agonistic Behaviour ◽  
Cave Fish ◽  
Silurus Glanis ◽  
Aggressive Interactions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Shoaling Behaviour ◽  
Species Specific

In addition to hypopigmentation of the skin and red iris colouration, albino animals also display distinct physiological and behavioural alterations. However, information on the social interactions of albino animals is rare and has mostly been limited to specially bred strains of albino rodents and animals from unique environments in caves. Differentiating between the effects of albinism and domestication on behaviour in rodents can be difficult, and social behaviour in cave fish changes according to species-specific adaptations to conditions of permanent darkness. The agonistic behaviours of albino offspring of pigmented parents have yet to be described. In this study, we observed agonistic behaviour in albino and pigmented juvenileSilurus glaniscatfish. We found that the total number of aggressive interactions was lower in albinos than in pigmented catfish. The distance between conspecifics was also analysed, and albinos showed a tendency towards greater separation from their same-coloured conspecifics compared with pigmented catfish. These results demonstrate that albinism can be associated with lower aggressiveness and with reduced shoaling behaviour preference, as demonstrated by a tendency towards greater separation of albinos from conspecifics.

Social ethology of the wolverine

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey P. Copeland ◽  
Arild Landa ◽  
Kimberly Heinemeyer ◽  
Keith B. Aubry ◽  
Jiska van Dijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Social System ◽  
Group Living ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Ecological Framework ◽  
The Social ◽  
Living Species

Social behaviour in solitary carnivores has long been an active area of investigation but for many species remains largely founded in conjecture compared to our understanding of sociality in group-living species. The social organization of the wolverine has, until now, received little attention beyond its portrayal as a typical mustelid social system. In this chapter the authors compile observations of social interactions from multiple wolverine field studies, which are integrated into an ecological framework. An ethological model for the wolverine is proposed that reveals an intricate social organization, which is driven by variable resource availability within extremely large territories and supports social behaviour that underpins offspring development.

Social Evolution, Hamilton’s Rule, and Inclusive Fitness

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Okasha
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Social Evolution ◽  
Inclusive Fitness ◽  
Popular Approach ◽  
Hamilton’S Rule ◽  
Inclusive Fitness Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Encounters ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hamilton's Rule

Inclusive fitness theory, originally due to W. D. Hamilton, is a popular approach to the study of social evolution, but shrouded in controversy. The theory contains two distinct aspects: Hamilton’s rule (rB > C); and the idea that individuals will behave as if trying to maximize their inclusive fitness in social encounters. These two aspects of the theory are logically separable but often run together. A generalized version of Hamilton’s rule can be formulated that is always true, though whether it is causally meaningful is debatable. However, the individual maximization claim only holds true if the payoffs from the social encounter are additive. The notion that inclusive fitness is the ‘goal’ of individuals’ social behaviour is less robust than some of its advocates acknowledge.

scholarly journals Cumulative Effects of Adding a Small Group Intervention to Social Network Testing on HIV Testing Rates Among Crack Users in San Salvador, El Salvador

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Dickson-Gomez ◽  
Sergey Tarima ◽  
Laura Glasman ◽  
Wendy Cuellar ◽  
Lorena Rivas de Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
Group Interventions ◽  
San Salvador ◽  
The Social ◽  
Crack Users

AbstractThe present study evaluates a combination prevention intervention for crack users in San Salvador, El Salvador that included social network HIV testing, community events and small group interventions. We examined the cumulative effects of the social network HIV testing and small group interventions on rates of HIV testing, beyond the increase that we saw with the introduction of the social network HIV testing intervention alone. HIV test data was converted into the number of daily tests and analyzed the immediate and overtime impact of small group interventions during and in the twelve weeks after the small group intervention. The addition of the small group interventions to the baseline of monthly HIV tests resulted in increased rates of testing lasting 7 days after the small group interventions suggesting a reinforcing effect of small group interventions on testing rates.

L'identité Wallonne saisie par l'enquête : Une approche constructiviste de l'identité collective

Res Publica ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 36 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 343-359
Author(s):  
Marc Jacquemain ◽  
René Doutrelepont ◽  
Michel Vandekeere
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Social Level

At first view, the methodology of survey research may seem rather unsuitable to the study of such "holistic" phenomena as collective and social identities.  That difficulty vanishes - at least partly - as soon as we consider social identity as the link between the individual and his belongings, as does the "social identity theory", developed from the work of Taffel and Turner.  From there on, survey research may prove to be a useful device to cope with some main characteristics of social identity: mainly its variability among groups and classes within a same society and its particular sensitivity to socio-political contexts.  Survey research, combined with the social identity theory may help to test historical assumptions at a macro-social level. It may also give some ''flesh" and some additional realism to the micro-theories of social behaviour, which are too often limited by their conception of a strictly rational and interested agent.

Observations on social behaviour of Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus (L.)) during terrestrial haul-out

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Salter
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Body Contact ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Odobenus Rosmarus

Social interactions in walrus herds of mixed sex and age composition were recorded at a haul-out site on the east coast of Bathurst Island, N.W.T., during July–August 1977. Most walruses maintained body contact with at least one other walrus while hauled out on land; herds were usually circular in shape. Adult males, adult females, and immatures all displaced other walruses, and thus entered herds, by jabbing with the tusks. Dominance during agonistic interactions was related to relative tusk length and sex and age of interactants. Behaviour of walruses on land suggested an energetic advantage in mutual body contact, which would be maximized by occupation of interior positions within herds.

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