Cytological studies of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.)

1952 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 300 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Yates ◽  
NH Brittan
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vicia Sativa ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Number ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Apparent Relationship ◽  
Isolated Species

Somatic chromosome number and morphology in certain strains of subterranean clover and in species of several other fairly closely related genera have been observed. Dwalganup, Yarloop, Mt. Barker, Wenigup, Burnerang, and Red Leaf strains have each 16 fairly small chromosomes, the chromosome complexes being similar to one another and to that obtained by Wexelsen (1928) for the species. Palestine and Israel strains have each 12 large chromosomes, bearing no apparent relationship to those of the other strains but being the same in number and of a similar order of size to those found in Vicia sativa. Chromosome number and morphology may explain the failure to obtain intervarietal crosses involving Palestine, but not the low percentage of successful crosses between other strains. It is suggested that perhaps Palestine and Israel may be more correctly classed as strains of a separate species and that, with regard to their origin, Wexelsen's idea of mutational changes in isolated species offers probably the best explanation.

scholarly journals Memoirs: On the Spermatogenesis of the Louse (Pediculus Corporis and P. Capitis), With Some Observations on the Maturation of the Egg

1920 ◽  
Vol s2-64 (255) ◽  
pp. 303-325
Author(s):  
L. DONCASTER ◽  
H. G. CANNON
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Haploid Number ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Number ◽  
Axial Filament ◽  
Mitotic Figures

The main facts of the spermatogenesis have been given in Section 3 A above. The most important points are as follows: (1) The somatic chromosome number of both sexes is twelve, but spermatogonial mitotic figures show only six. There is some evidence that these are double, and we ascribe the existence of the apparently haploid number in the spermatogonia to premature pairing. (2) There is only one spermatocyte division, which is extremely unequal, leading to the separation of a minute polar-body-like cell which degenerates. (3) The centrosome of the spermatid is double, and from each half an axial filament grows out, so that the developing spermatozoa have two conspicuous axial filaments. (4) The development of the mitochondrial body is described. (5) The acrosome is derived from a deeply staining body which appears in the spermatocyte and becomes applied to the nucleus of the spermatid like a cap. (6) The existence of a deeply stained rod, of unknown origin and fate, in the growing oöcyte, and of a posterior mass of stained granules in the mature egg, is shortly referred to. The egg nucleus undergoes two polar divisions, and fertilisation appears to be essential if the egg is to develop. (7) Breeding experiments did not confirm Hindle's observation that broods consisting only of males or only of females are frequent. Some broods with great preponderance of one or the other sex were obtained.

Chromosome morphology of Clematis, subsection Viornae (Ranunculaceae)

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1135-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Michael Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Chromosome Morphology ◽  
Terminal Region ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Number ◽  
Median Region ◽  
Acrocentric Chromosomes ◽  
Subterminal Region ◽  
Marked Stability

Cytological studies were made on the following taxa: C. addisonii, C. filifera, C. glaucophylla, C. pitcheri, C. reticulata, C. texensis, C. versicolor, and C. viorna. All species were found to have a somatic chromosome number of 16 with a uniform karyotype consisting of five pairs of metacentric chromosomes with centromeres in the median region and three pairs of acrocentric chromosomes, two pairs with centromeres in the terminal region and one pair with centromeres in the subterminal region. These findings agree with reports of chromosome number and karyotype for other species of Clematis and suggest a marked stability of chromosome complement in the genus.

Investigations of the inheritance of flower variegation in Mirabilis jalapa L. 3. Somatic chromosome number, 4. Distribution of the pigments and 5. Chromatographic studies

Euphytica ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. M. Van Kester ◽  
C. J. T. Spitters ◽  
L. Vosselman ◽  
J. M. M. Engels ◽  
A. C. Zeven
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Number ◽  
Mirabilis Jalapa

Phosphorus, sulphur, and molybdenum deficiencies in soils from eastern Australia in relation to nutrient supply and some characteristics of soil and climate.

1955 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 673 ◽  
Author(s):  
KD McLachlan
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
The Other ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Sulphur Deficiency ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Western Victoria

Subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) was grown on 32 virgin soils in pot cultures, and the yield responses to phosphorus, sulphur, and molybdenum were determined for each soil. The soils were collected from a wide area in eastern Australia, extending from south-western Victoria to southern Queensland. Sulphur deficiency occurred almost as frequently as phosphorus deficiency. In fact, 75 per cent. of the soils were deficient in both phosphorus and sulphur. Thirty-one per cent. were deficient in all three elements. The effect of the interaction between the elements on the occurrence and intensity of the deficiencies is shown. Molybdenum responses were obtained only after the other deficiencies had been corrected. A deficiency in one of the elements is no indication of deficiency or sufficiency of either of the other two. There was no correlation between the occurrence or intensity of the deficiencies and the geological origin of the soil parent material, the climate of the regions from which the soils were collected, or such soil characters as colour, organic matter, and texture. Responses to phosphorus were less on the black earths than on the red or yellow podzolic soils; those on the red earths were intermediate. The intensity of sulphur deficiency increased, and the intensity of molybdenum deficiency decreased, with increasing soil pH.

The growth of barley grass (Hordeum leporinum) in annual pasture. 3. Some factors affecting balance with subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum)

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (35) ◽  
pp. 702 ◽  
Author(s):  
DF Smith
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early Start ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Hordeum Leporinum

Mixed swards of barley grass (Hordeum leporinum) and subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) of two densities were grown at two levels of nitrogen. Growth was started at two different times mid- April and mid-May-and at each time half the plots were subjected to moisture stress. The swards were harvested after nine weeks of growth. The survival of clover plants was reduced by an early start, moisture stress and nitrogen addition : much more so than barley grass. The root : shoot ratios of both species were calculated ; both showed some sensitivity to the time of break and moisture stress, and the grass was also affected by the other two factors. Total sward production and the ratios of clover to grass varied widely Grass daminance was favoured by moisture stress or a late break, and both of these factors tended to override the effect of higher soil nitrogen in determining clover-grass balance. Total sward production more dependent on density than any other factor, especially with the later start. Higher nitrogen was effective in boosting production only if the break was early and there was no moisture stress.

Seed production and persistence of Carnamah and other early strains of Trifolium subterraneum in the wheatbelt of Western Australia

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (24) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
GB Taylor ◽  
RC Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
The Other ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Seed Yields

Seed production and persistence of the Carnamah, Northam A, Dwalganup, and Geraldton strains of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) were examined in undefoliated swards in the wheatbelt of Western Australia. The early flowering characteristic of Carnamah was not always associated with higher seed yields. Only when there was a well-defined, early finish to the growing season, or when flowering was very much earlier in Carnamah (viz., following an early 'break' to the season), did this strain clearly outyield both Northam A and Geraldton. The seed yield of Dwalganup was generally inferior to that of the other strains. Factors affecting regeneration are discussed. Under low rainfall conditions, poorer germination-regulation of Carnamah, compared with Geraldton and Northam A, would be expected to result in poorer persistence unless offset by higher seed yields in the Carnamah strain.

A new species of Trigonella sect. Ellipticae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) from Iran, including cytogenetic and anatomical notes

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 202 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massoud Ranjbar ◽  
ZAHRA HAJMORADI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
Base Number ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Trigonella bakhtiarica, from the Iranian province Chahar Mahal Va Bakhtiari is described, illustrated and compared to its most closely related species, T. aphanoneura. Trigonella bakhtiarica has a longer corolla and differs in the shape, surface and size of its pods, which are taxonomically informative characters in Trigonella sect. Ellipticae. Chromosome counts and meiosis assays show that both species are diploid, and that their euploid plants possess a somatic chromosome number of 2n = 2x = 16, which is consistent with the predicted base number of x = 8.

scholarly journals Karyomorphology of Two Species of the Genus Spilanthes (Heliantheae-Asteraceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-426
Author(s):  
Pushpa Karna Mallick
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Number ◽  
Great Role ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Spilanthes Acmella ◽  
Karyotype Formula

In present investigation karyotype of mitotic chromosomes were determined, two species of the genus Spilanthes, namely Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murray and Spilanthes calva DC. from plants transplanted in earthen pots collected from different localities from Central Nepal in my home garden. The somatic chromosome number determined in present study were 2n=36 for both species, Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murray and Spilanthes calva DC. The chromosomes total length ranged from 0.6 to 1.6 µm in Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murray and 0.4 to 2.1µm in Spilanthes calva DC. The relative length ranged from 2.3 to 12.1 µm in the species Spilanthes calva and 2.0 to 8.5 µm in the species Spilanthes acmella. The Karyotype formula were M16+m2+sm16+st2 in Spilanthes calva DC. and M22 +sm14 in Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murray cytologically obtained by using 2% aceto-orcein. The karyotype of the two species shows considerable variation exists in morphology of chromosome and structure. The variation in karyomorphology shows evolved nature of this species which play a great role in evolution. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(4): 422-426

scholarly journals A report on new chromosome number of three Dioscorea species

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Chiranjit Paul ◽  
Bimal Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Somatic Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Count ◽  
Somatic Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Dioscorea Species ◽  
First Time

Chromosomal study conducted in nine species of Dioscorea from different forest belts of Tripura revealed that their somatic chromosome number ranged from 2n=40 to 2n=60. The record of 2n=40 chromosome in the sexual phenotypes of Dioscorea hamiltonii, Dioscorea glabra and Dioscorea pubera are the first time report from Tripura, North East India. Moreover the somatic chromosome counts of 2n=60 in Dioscorea pentaphylla would be attributed as a new cytotype. However at the respective ploidy level no difference in somatic chromosome count was observed between their sexes.

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