scholarly journals Pathology of Infestation of the Rat With Nippostrongylus Muris (Yokogawa) V. Protein Digestion

1960 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 578 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEA Symons
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Gastric Digestion ◽  
Stomach Tube ◽  
V Protein ◽  
Egg Albumin ◽  
Intestinal Nematode ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract

The digestion of protein by rats infested with the intestinal nematode N ippostrongylus muris (Yokogawa, 1920) was measured directly by feeding by stomach tube egg albumin labelled with radioiodine. One hour later nearly 70 per cent. was recovered from the gastro�intestinal tract of infested rats, but only 50 per cent. from that of normal rats. This difference was due largely to a depression of digestion in the small intestine, although absorption was also slightly reduced. Gastric digestion was not affected, nor was there any difference between the rates of gastric emptying by normal and infested rats.

Survival and metabolic activity of the GanedenBC30 strain of Bacillus coagulans in a dynamic in vitro model of the stomach and small intestine

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Maathuis ◽  
D. Keller ◽  
S. Farmer
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract ◽  
Carbohydrate Digestion

We have investigated the survival and activity of GanedenBC30 during passage through the upper gastro-intestinal tract. GanedenBC30 was tested in a dynamic, validated, in vitro model of the stomach and small intestine (TIM-1) on survival and its potential to aid in digestion of milk protein, lactose and fructose. The survival of GanedenBC30 was high (70%), although germination of the spores was minimal (<10%) under the conditions tested. Survival of the strain in the presence of lactose and fructose was markedly lower (56-59%) than in the absence of the sugars. The amount of digested milk protein available for absorption was somewhat higher (+0.2 g) when GanedenBC30 was added to the milk. When GanedenBC30 was tested with lactose or fructose added to the meal, the cumulative amount of lactate produced was slightly higher (+0.12-0.18 mmol) compared to the GanedenBC30 alone. In conclusion, although the differences in survival of GanedenBC30 are small, these results show the potential of GanedenBC30 to aid in protein digestion and in the digestion of lactose and fructose. If a larger fraction of the Bacillus coagulans cells had germinated, the influence on protein and carbohydrate digestion would probably have been much greater. Importance of the findings: the potential of GanedenBC30 to aid in the digestion of lactose and fructose could be used to prevent occurrence of intestinal symptoms in individuals sensitive to these carbohydrates.

scholarly journals Observations on the fermentation of carbohydrates along the gastro-intestinal tract of a fistulated cow.

1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-226
Author(s):  
B.D.E. Gaillard ◽  
A.T. van 't Klooster
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Uronic Acids ◽  
Glucose Polymer ◽  
Intestinal Contents ◽  
Cellulose Fermentation ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract

One cow was provided with cannulae in the proximal duodenum and terminal ileum. Three experimental rations were offered: 1, hay 7 kg/day and concentrate 6; 2, hay 3 kg/day, paper pulp 3 and concentrate 3.7; 3, fresh grass 11 kg DM/day. Rations 2 and 2 were given twice daily and 3 was offered more frequently. Experimental periods were 5 days in experiment 1 and 7 days in 2 and 3. Samples were taken from each cannula every 2 h for 5 days. Faeces were collected in each period. Flow rate of the intestinal contents was measured with polyethylene glycol and chromium sesquioxide as markers. Carbohydrates in the feed, digesta and faeces were fractionated according to solubility into ethanol-soluble sugars, alpha -glucose polymers, fructosan, water-soluble polysaccharides other than alpha -glucose polymers and fructosan, neutral-detergent-soluble polysaccharides and neutral-detergent residue. Sugars, sialic and uronic acids were measured in the hydrolysates and the sugars were separated chromatographically.Most of the ethanol-soluble sugars and all the fructosan was digested in the rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum, considered collectively as the stomach. Digestion of alpha -glucose polymer occurred mainly in the stomach and only 5 to 10% was digested in the small intestine and caecum with colon. The hay and concentrate ration contained more starch than the others and a higher proportion of this was digested in the small intestine and caecum with colon (20.3 and 6.8% of the digestible starch). The water-soluble fraction was digested mostly in the stomach; on rations 1 and 3 more component carbohydrates disappeared from the small intestine than the caecum with colon. Bacterial polysaccharides were thought to be digested in the small intestine and some bacterial growth was indicated, particularly on ration 2 which contained large amounts of cellulose. Fermentation and addition of bacterial polysaccharides and mucus confused the picture of digestion of the neutral-detergent-soluble fraction, but on all 3 rations it was higher in the small intestine than in the caecum with colon. The neutral-detergent residue was mainly fermented in the stomach and the caecum with colon. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Phosphopeptides and soluble calcium in the small intestine of rats given a casein diet

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeon Sook Lee ◽  
T. Noguchi ◽  
H. Naito
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Casein Diet ◽  
Egg Albumin ◽  
Intestinal Contents ◽  
Soluble Calcium ◽  
Small Intestinal

1. Semi-synthetic diets containing 200 g protein/kg were meal-fed for 1.5 h to groups of rats. The contents of the whole small intestinal tract were collected and the amount of soluble calcium was determined.2. In the rats given 200 g casein/kg diet, formation of a fraction containing macrophosphopeptide in the small intestine was confirmed by gelfiltration of the intestinal contents on Sephadex G-25. However, this macrophosphopeptide fraction was not found when casein alone was fed.3. In the intestinal contents at 2.5 h after ingestion, the amounts of both soluble Ca and phosphorus were significantly higher in rats fed the casein diet than in those fed diets containing egg albumin, isolated soyabean protein or an amino acid mixture. However, the amount of insoluble Ca was least in rats fed the casein diet.

INTRAVENOUS SOMATOSTATIN INFUSION AFFECTS GASTRO-INTESTINAL TRACT FUNCTION IN SHEEP

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 93-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. FAICHNEY ◽  
T. N. BARRY
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
Gut Function ◽  
Tract Function ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract

Intravenous somatostatin infusion to anestrous ewes decreased the weight of all postomasal gut tissues, produced small increases in total 51Cr-EDTA and, 103Ru-phen mean retention times, increased the proportion of the total mean retention time spent in the abomasum + small intestine + cecum/proximal colon and decreased the proportion spent in the distal large intestine. Key words: Somatostatin, gut function, marker retention times

Species of Gastro-intestinal Helminths of Lambs in Northern Ireland

1972 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Taylor ◽  
R. J. G. Cawthorne
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Intestinal Helminths ◽  
Relative Incidence ◽  
Major Species ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract ◽  
Prevalent Species

A survey of the helminths parasitising the gastro-intestinal tract of lambs in Northern Ireland is described. Twenty-four species were identified from the three hundred and seventy-two animals examined, which were drawn from abattoirs in different areas.The major species found in the abomasum were Ostertagia circumcincta, 0. trifurcata, 0. pinnata and Trichosirongylus axei. Nematodints battus, N. filicollis, T. vitrinus and Cooperia curticei were the most prevalent species in the small intestine. Some observations are made on the relative incidence and role in the production of parasitic gastro-enteritis.

THE INFLUENCE OF PROTEIN LEVEL ON THE NITROGEN ABSORPTION IN THE GASTRO-INTESTINAL TRACT OF DAIRY COWS FED GRASS SILAGE FERTILIZED WITH TWO LEVELS OF NITROGEN

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 191-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. MØLLER ◽  
V. FRIIS KRISTENSEN ◽  
P. E. ANDERSEN
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Nitrogen Absorption ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract ◽  
Low Nitrogen ◽  
Key Words Nitrogen

Increased recycling of nitrogen to the forestomachs on low nitrogen rations was found. On high CP rations the AAN at duodenum was greater than or equal to the N intake. Apparently absorbed TN in the small intestine was increased on the SBM supplemented ration. No significant difference was found for absorbed AAN fractions. Key words: Nitrogen, cattle, metabolism, gastro-intestinal tract

scholarly journals The influence of level of grain intake on protein digestion in the intestine of cattle

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Neudoerffer ◽  
P. A. Leadbeater ◽  
F. D Horney ◽  
H. S Bayley
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
The Other ◽  
Particulate Fraction ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Total Digestion ◽  
Gastro Intestinal Tract

1. Protein digestion in the gastro-intestinal tract of cattle receiving diets with either low or high content of maize was investigated. Digesta obtained from the duodenum and ileum were separated into three fractions; soluble, microbial and particulate, and the amino acid composition of the three fractions and that of the total digesta were determined. The proportion of particulate material digested in the intestine was less from the high-maize than from the low-maize diet, but more of the particulate fraction entered the duodenum from the high-maize than from the low-maize diet, so the absolute amount of particulate fraction which was digested was greater for the high-maize diet.2. More protein was digested in the rumen from the low-maize diet (high-roughage) than from the other diet. Total digestion of protein from the low-maize diet was also higher.3. Although more protein from the high-maize than from the low-maize diet reached the duodenum, the protein from the low-maize diet was more digestible in the intestine, so the total amount of dietary protein digested in the intestine was the same for both rations.

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