scholarly journals The Regulation of Stomatal Aperture in Tobacco Leaf Epidermal Strips III. The Effect of Atp

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 689 ◽  
Author(s):  
DA Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Stomatal Aperture ◽  
Osmotic Swelling ◽  
Tobacco Leaf

The addition of ATP in the light and dark and ADP in the light to bathing solutions containing K+ can stimulate stomatal opening in tobacco leaf epidermal strips. UTP or AMP do not stimulate opening in the light or dark. The presence of ouabain prevents ATP or ADP stimulating stomatal opening. The additions of Ca2+ and Mg2+, though they reduce stomatal aperture, do not prevent ATP stimulating stomatal opening. Increasing the concentration of ATP presented to the stomata in the dark increases the aperture. The rate of stomatal opening in the presence of ATP is increased in the light. In bathing solutions which contain Na+ as the only cation ATP neither initiates nor maintains stomatal opening. The results are discussed in relation to a postulated light-stimulated, ATPase-mediated accumulation ofK+ in the guard cells which is followed by an influx of water, osmotic swelling, and stomatal opening

scholarly journals The Regulation of Stomatal Aperture in Tobacco Leaf Epidermal Strips

1972 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 877 ◽  
Author(s):  
DA Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Guard Cell ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Stomatal Aperture ◽  
Bathing Solution ◽  
Bathing Medium ◽  
Tobacco Leaf ◽  
Phosphoenol Pyruvate

Stepwise decreases in the stomatal aperture of tobacco leaf epidermal strips followed stepwise increases in the concentration of KHCOa added to bathing solutions. Removal of KHCOa from the bathing solution resulted in a rapid increase in aperture. The reduction in aperture caused by KHCO., both in the light and dark, can be reversed by the addition of ATP or phosphoenol pyruvate to the bathing solution. The stomatal opening, supported by a NaCl bathing medium, is reduced by the addition of NaHCOa? From the results it is suggested that HCO;/C02t increases the permeability of guard cell membranes causing a net efflux of water or ions or both from the guard cells.

Fluxes of Potassium and Changes in Malate within Epidermis of Commelina cyanea and their Relationships with Stomatal Aperture

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
C.J Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Stomatal Aperture ◽  
Degree Of Isolation

Stomatal apertures and concentrations of potassium, malate and sugars within the epidermis were measured during stomatal opening and closure; the location of K+ was also estimated by cobaltinitrite staining. The concentration of K+ in the epidermis as a whole did not change during stomatal opening and closure, but K+ migrated between epidermal and guard cells. Concentrations of sugars also remained constant. By contrast, there was a positive relationship between concentration of malate and aperture. These and other results emphasize an appreciable degree of isolation of the epidermis.

XIX.—pH Phenomena in Relation to Stomatal Opening: II–V

1942 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Small ◽  
M. I. Clarke ◽  
J. Crosbie-Baird
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Stomatal Aperture ◽  
Queen's University ◽  
Research Students

The control of stomatal aperture by intensity of light, under normal conditions of water-relations of surrounding cells, has apparently been established by Nutman (1937) for coffee leaves. This control results in the closing of stomatal pores both with too little and with too much illumination. Since photosynthesis in the guard-cells is not known to decrease with increase in light intensity, up to the limit of full sunshine, some other factor or factors are suggested as coming into action.Investigations, in the Department of Botany, Queen's University, Belfast, by three research students have progressively elucidated some of the factors concerned.

Array and distribution of actin filaments in guard cells contribute to the determination of stomatal aperture

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1655-1665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-Qi Gao ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Peng-Cheng Wei ◽  
Fei Ren ◽  
Jia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Aperture

scholarly journals Overexpression of Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase in Guard Cells Enhances Light-Induced Stomatal Opening, Photosynthesis, and Plant Growth in Hybrid Aspen

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeo Toh ◽  
Naoki Takata ◽  
Eigo Ando ◽  
Yosuke Toda ◽  
Yin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Gus Expression ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Exchange System ◽  
Gas Exchange System

Stomata in the plant epidermis open in response to light and regulate CO2 uptake for photosynthesis and transpiration for uptake of water and nutrients from roots. Light-induced stomatal opening is mediated by activation of the plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase in guard cells. Overexpression of PM H+-ATPase in guard cells promotes light-induced stomatal opening, enhancing photosynthesis and growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, transgenic hybrid aspens overexpressing Arabidopsis PM H+-ATPase (AHA2) in guard cells under the strong guard cell promoter Arabidopsis GC1 (AtGC1) showed enhanced light-induced stomatal opening, photosynthesis, and growth. First, we confirmed that AtGC1 induces GUS expression specifically in guard cells in hybrid aspens. Thus, we produced AtGC1::AHA2 transgenic hybrid aspens and confirmed expression of AHA2 in AtGC1::AHA2 transgenic plants. In addition, AtGC1::AHA2 transgenic plants showed a higher PM H+-ATPase protein level in guard cells. Analysis using a gas exchange system revealed that transpiration and the photosynthetic rate were significantly increased in AtGC1::AHA2 transgenic aspen plants. AtGC1::AHA2 transgenic plants showed a>20% higher stem elongation rate than the wild type (WT). Therefore, overexpression of PM H+-ATPase in guard cells promotes the growth of perennial woody plants.

Cytokinin- and auxin-induced stomatal opening involves a decrease in levels of hydrogen peroxide in guard cells of Vicia faba

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi-Gui Song ◽  
Xiao-Ping She ◽  
Jun-Min He ◽  
Chen Huang ◽  
Tu-sheng Song
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Diphenylene Iodonium ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Exogenous H2o2

Previous studies have shown that cytokinins and auxins can induce the opening of stomata. However, the mechanism of stomatal opening caused by cytokinins and auxins remains unclear. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in guard cells and stomatal opening induced by cytokinins and auxins in Vicia faba. By means of stomatal bioassay and laser-scanning confocal microscopy, we provide evidence that cytokinins and auxins reduced the levels of H2O2 in guard cells and induced stomatal opening in darkness. Additionally, cytokinins not only reduced exogenous H2O2 levels in guard cells caused by exposure to light, but also abolished H2O2 that had been generated during a dark period, and promoted stomatal opening, as did ascorbic acid (ASA, an important reducing substrate for H2O2 removal). However, unlike cytokinins, auxins did not reduce exogenous H2O2, did not abolish H2O2 that had been generated in the dark, and therefore did not promote reopening of stoma induced to close in the dark. The above-mentioned effects of auxins were similar to that of diphenylene iodonium (DPI, an inhibitor of the H2O2-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase). Taken together our results indicate that cytokinins probably reduce the levels of H2O2 in guard cells by scavenging, whereas auxins limit H2O2 levels through restraining H2O2 generation, inducing stomatal opening in darkness.

scholarly journals Sucrose breakdown within guard cells provides substrates for glycolysis and glutamine biosynthesis during light‐induced stomatal opening

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Medeiros ◽  
Leonardo Perez Souza ◽  
Werner C. Antunes ◽  
Wagner L. Araújo ◽  
Danilo M. Daloso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Opening

scholarly journals Raf-like kinases CBC1 and CBC2 negatively regulate stomatal opening by negatively regulating plasma membrane H+-ATPase phosphorylation in Arabidopsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maki Hayashi ◽  
Hodaka Sugimoto ◽  
Hirotaka Takahashi ◽  
Motoaki Seki ◽  
Kazuo Shinozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Opening

Raf-like kinases CBC1 and CBC2 negatively regulate phosphorylation of plasma membrane H+-ATPase in guard cells and blue light-dependent stomatal opening.

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